新高考英语时文阅读高三专版特训含答案解析及原文翻译.docx
- 文档编号:25578186
- 上传时间:2023-06-09
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:22
- 大小:31.45KB
新高考英语时文阅读高三专版特训含答案解析及原文翻译.docx
《新高考英语时文阅读高三专版特训含答案解析及原文翻译.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《新高考英语时文阅读高三专版特训含答案解析及原文翻译.docx(22页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
新高考英语时文阅读高三专版特训含答案解析及原文翻译
新高考英语时文阅读高三专版特训(含答案解析及原文翻译)
A
ThelifeofFM-2030,atranshumanist(超人文主义者)whobelievedhumanswillbeabletoendnaturaldeathinthefutureusingtechnology,isexploredinanewdocumentary.Thefilm,titled
‘2030’,wasreleasedlatelastmonthandisavailableacrossmultiplestreamingplatforms.ItwasmadebyBritishfilmmakerJohnnyBostonwhointerviewedarangeofFM-2030’sacquaintancesandscientificexperts.
Transhumanistsbelievehumanscanandshoulduseemergingfuturetechnologytogreatly
enhancetheirnaturalabilities.Thesetechnologiescouldincluderobotics,AI,genetherapy
preventingtheageingprocess.Thiscouldradicallychangewhatitmeanstobeamemberofour
species.
FM-2030wasborninBrusselsin1930namedFereidounM.Esfandiary.ThesonofanIraniandiplomat,helaterchangedhislegalnametomarkhisbeliefthatby2030wewillbeagelessandeveryonewillhaveanexcellentchancetoliveforever.
FM-2030wroteanumberofbooksaroundlifeextensionandtranshumanisttopics,andiswidelyregardedasoneofthefoundingfathersofthemoderntranshumanistmovement.Afterhisdeathin2000,FM-2030’sbodywasplacedincryonicsuspensioninArizona.
MrBostoncommented:
“ImetFM-2030andthatwashislegalnamewhenIwasabout11or
12yearsold.He’dcometoLondonwithhispartneratthetimeandtheystayedwithus.Thiswas
intheearly80swhenhehadthesereallyoffthewallideasthatweweregoingtoliveonindefinitelyandthattherewasgoingtobeamuchmoreprogressivepolitics.Hetalkedaboutwe
weregoingtocommunicatebraintobrain.Therewasgoingtobeamachinethatyoucouldputin
variouscharacteristicsanditwasgoingtoprintstuff.”
MrBostonwentontoproduceanumberofvideosoutliningFM-2030’sideas.Hedidaseries
offilmscalledthefutureofdemocracythatcameoutoftalksthatFMhaddone.Hesaid,“FM
reallytalksaboutwhatthefutureholdsintermsofhowwegovernourselves.Hethinkswe’vegottouseAI.”
1.Whatwillhappeninthefutureaccordingtotranshumanists?
A.Humanswilldieinanaturalstate.
B.Humans’lifespanwillremainlimited.
C.Humanswillnotneedlanguageanylonger.
D.Humans’abilitieswillbelargelyimprovedbytechnologies.
2.WhydidFereidounM.EsfandiarychangehisnametoFM-2030?
A.Becausehisfatherforcedhimtodoso.
B.Becausehedidn’tlikehisformernameatall.
C.Becausehewantedtoflaghistranshumanistfaith.
D.Becausehethoughthumanwouldendnaturaldeathin2030.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“offthewall”inParagraph5mean?
A.Dull.B.Ambiguous.C.Ridiculous.D.Upset.
4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.TheUncertainFuture.
B.TheFilmCalled2030.
C.TheIdeasofTranshumanists.
D.FM-2030—ATranshumanist
B
PrepareforWaterDayZero
Earlierthisyearominous①headlinesblaredthatCapeTown,SouthAfrica,washeadedforDayZero—thedatewhenthecity'stapswouldgodrybecauseitsreservoirs②wouldbecomedangerouslylowonwater.Thatday—originallyexpectedinmid-April-hasbeenpostponeduntilatleast2019asofthiswriting,thankstowaterrationing③andawelcomerainyseason.Butthe
conditionsthatledtothisdesperatesituationwillinevitablyoccuragain,hittingcitiesalloverthe
planet.
Astheclimatewarms,extremedroughtsandvanishing④watersupplieswilllikelybecomemorecommon.Butevenwithouttheaddedimpactofclimatechange,normalrainfallvariationplaysanenormousroleinyear-to-yearwateravailability.Theseordinarypatternsnowhaveextraordinaryeffectsbecauseurbanpopulationshavehadatremendousgrowthspurt
⑤:
by2050theUnitedNationsprojectsthattwothirdsoftheworld'speoplewillliveincities.Urbanplannersandengineersneedtolearnfrompastrainfallvariabilitytoimprovetheirpredictionsandtakefuturedemandintoaccounttobuildmoreresilientinfrastructure.
HowdidCapeTowngetintoaDayZerosituation?
ThecitygetsitswaterfromsixreservoirsinWesternCapeProvince,whichusuallyfillupduringtherainyseason,fromMaythroughAugust.Butsince2015theregionhasbeensufferingfromtheworstdroughtinacentury,andthewaterinthosereservoirsdwindled⑥dangerously.Compoundingtheproblem,CapeTown'spopulationhasgrownsubstantially,increasingdemand.Thecityactuallydidaprettygoodjobofkeepingdemandlowbyreducingleaksinthesystem,amajorcauseofwaterwaste,andhasevenwonawardsforitsconservationpolicies.ButthegovernmentofSouthAfricawasslowtodeclareanationaldisasterintheareashithardestbythedrought,pavingthewayfortherecentcrisis.
CapeTownisnotalone.Since2014southeasternBrazilhasbeensufferingitsworstwatershortagein80years,resultingfromdecreasedrainfall,climatechange,poorwatermanagement,
deforestationandotherfactors.AndmanycitiesinIndiadonothaveaccesstomunicipalwaterformorethanafewhoursaday,ifatall.Forexample,thecityofShimlaranoutofdrinkingwaterinMay,prompting⑦localstobegtouriststostayawayfromthepopularHimalayansummerretreat.
ThewaterinfrastructureinmanyIndiancitiesisoldandleaky,butcitygovernmentshavenot
repairedit.Municipalitieshave,however,givenfreeelectricitytofarmersforirrigation,depleting
localgroundwaterstocks.
IntheU.S,thesituationissomewhatbetter,butmanyurbancentersstillfacewaterproblems.
California'srecentmultiyeardroughtledtosomeofthestate'sdriestyearsonrecord.Fortunately,abouthalfofthestate'surbanwaterusageisforlandscaping,soitwasabletocutbackonthat
fairlyeasily.Butcitiesthatusemostoftheirwaterformoreessentialuses,suchasdrinkingwater,maynotbesoadaptable.Inadditiontotheproblemsthatdrought,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthbring,somecitiesfacethreatsofcontamination⑧;crisessuchastheoneinFlint,Mich.,arosebecausethecitychangedthesourceofitswater,causingleadtoleachintoitfrompipes.Ifothercitiesareforcedtochangetheirwatersuppliers,theycouldfacesimilarwoes.
Fortunately,stepscanbetakentoavoidurbanwatercrises.Ingeneral,a"portfolioapproach"
thatreliesonmultiplewatersourcesisprobablymosteffective.CapeTownhasalreadybegun
implementinganumberofwater-augmentationprojects,includingtappinggroundwaterand
buildingwater-recyclingplants.Manyothercitieswillneedtorepairexistingwaterinfrastructure
tocutdownonleakage.
Metropolitanleadersshouldbethinkingaboutmeetinglong-termneedsratherthanjustabout
dailyrequirements.Goodorganizationandfinancialresponsibilityareequallycritical.And
planningeffortsshouldincludediversestakeholdersfromthecommunity.Onemajorchallengeis
providingservicestoinformalareas,whichdevelopatrandom,withoutanygovernmentforesight.
Suchregionsoftenlackbasicresources—awell-plannedwatersupplyamongthem.
TheglobalcommunityhasanopportunityrightnowtotakeactiontopreventaseriesofDay
Zerocrises.Ifwedon'tact,manycitiesmaysoonfaceatimewhenthereisn'tadroptodrink.
C
SupermoonobserversareinforatreattonightwhenMarch'sWormMoonarrivesintheskies.
StargazersareinforatreatastheymaybeabletospottheMoonlookingbiggerandbrighterwiththenakedeye.
Theterm‘Supermoon’wascoinedbytheastrologerRichardNollein1979andreferstoeitheraNeworFullMoonthatoccurswhentheMooniswithin90percentofperigee(近地点).
FullMoonsoccurwhentheMoonisontheoppositesideofEarthtotheSun.Thisresultsinthe
surfaceofEarth’snaturalsatellitebeingfullyilluminated(照亮).SupermoonsoccurwhenaFull
Moonreachestheperigee—thepointintheorbitoftheMoonwhenitisclosesttotheEarth.Theoppositeoftheperigeeistheapogee—whentheMoonreachesthispointwhereitisthoughttolookmuchsmallerthanusual.
DrDanielBrown,anastronomyexpertatNottinghamTrentUniversity,hasrevealedthereisinrealitylittletodistinguishthemfroma“normal”FullMoon.
Headded:
“ASupermoonisusuallydefinedasthelargestfullmoonpossible.Eitherway,this
FullMoonisoccurringwhentheMoonisalittlebitclosertoEarththanitisduringotherfull
moons.ThisisatimewhenmanybecomeexcitedandwanttoobservetheMoonthemselves,
particularlyasthemoonrisesandsets,whichoffersfantasticphotographicopportunities.”
However,inrealitysupermoonsareneverhugeatallsodon’tgetfooledinthinkingthatyou
canseeitbeinglargerthanusual.Supermoonsappearonly14percentlargerthanthesmallest
possiblemoon.Theso-called‘Moonillusion’willmakethemoonappearmuchlargerthanit
reallyis,whenitisclosetothehorizon,butthathappensforanyfullmoonormoonphaseyou
observe.
Inatypicalyear,therecanbethreeorfourFullSupermoonsinarow.Thosewhomissouton
today’seventshouldnotworryastwomoreSuperMoonswillappearlaterintheyear.
1.PeoplecanobservetheSupermoonwhen.
A.aFullMoonexactlyreachestheapogee
B.theMoonreachesthesideoftheSun
C.aFullMoonalmostreachestheperigee
D.theEarth’ssurfaceisbeingfullylighted
2.WhatdoweknowabouttheSupermoon?
A.Itbecomesactuallymuchlargerthanusual.
B.Itprovidesvaluableopportunitiestotakephotos.
C.ItiseasytotelltheSupermoonfromacommonFullMoon.
D.ThereisonlyonechancetoobservetheSupermoonthisyear.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“illusion”inParagraph5mean?
A.Fantasy.B.Beauty.C.Appearance.D.Observation.
4.Wherecanyoufindthetext?
A.Inatravelbrochure.B.Fromasciencefiction.
C.Inasciencemagazine.D.Inares
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 新高 英语 时文 阅读 专版 特训含 答案 解析 原文 翻译