精品新人教版选修9高中英语unit 2 sailing the oceans词汇讲解及答案.docx
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精品新人教版选修9高中英语unit 2 sailing the oceans词汇讲解及答案.docx
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精品新人教版选修9高中英语unit2sailingtheoceans词汇讲解及答案
Unit2Sailingtheoceans
TeachingResources
Section3:
WordsandexpressionsfromUnit2
Sailingtheoceans
mercy
noun(pl.-ies)
1.[U]akindorforgivingattitudetowardssbthatyouhavethepowertoharmorrighttopunishhumanity:
toask/beg/pleadformercyTheyshowednomercytotheirhostages.Godhavemercyonus.Thetroopsareonamercymission(=ajourneytohelppeople)inthewarzone.2.[C,usuallysing.](informal)aneventorasituationtobegratefulfor,usuallybecauseitstopssthunpleasant:
It’samercyshewasn’tseriouslyhurt.Hisdeathwasamercy(=becausehewasingreatpain.
atthemercyofsb/sthnotabletostopsb/sthharmingyoubecausetheyhavepowerorcontroloveryou:
I’mnotgoingtoputmyselfatthemercyofthebank.Wewereatthemercyoftheweather.
leavesb/sthtothemercy/merciesofsb/sthtoleavesb/sthinasituationthatmaycausethemtosufferortobetreatedbadly:
privatizedcompanieslefttothemercyofmarketforces(humorous)I’llleaveyoutothetendermerciesoftheseladies!
throwyourselfonsb’smercy(formal)toputyourselfinasituationwhereyoumustrelyonsbtobekindtoyouandnotharmorpunishyou
longside
prep.
1.nexttooratthesideofsth:
Apolicecarpulledupalongsideus.alifeboatmooredalongsidetheyachtMuchofthelandalongsidetheriverisbelowsealevel.2.togetherwithoratthesametimeassth/sb:
Traditionalbeliefsstillflourishalongsideamodernurbanlifestyle.
exploration
noun[C,U]
1.theactoftravellingthroughaplaceinordertofindoutaboutitorlookforsthinit:
theexplorationofspaceoilexploration(=searchingforoilintheground)2.anexaminationofsthinordertofindoutaboutit:
thebook’sexplorationsofthehumanmind
accelerate
verb
1.tohappenortomakesthhappenfasterorearlierthanexpected:
[v]Inflationcontinuestoaccelerate.[vn]Exposuretothesuncanacceleratetheageingprocess.2.[v](ofavehicleorperson)tostarttogofaster:
Therunnersacceleratedsmoothlyaroundthebend.Thecaracceleratedtoovertakeme.
secure
adj.
HAPPY/CONFIDENT
1.feelinghappyandconfidentaboutyourselforaparticularsituation:
Atlasttheywereabletofeelsecureaboutthefuture.Shefinishedthematch,secureintheknowledgethatshewasthroughtothenextround.
CERTAIN/SAFE
2.likelytocontinueorbesuccessfulforalongtime;safe:
asecurejob/incomeIt’snotaverysecurewaytomakealiving.Thefutureofthecompanylookssecure.
3.~(against/fromsth)thatcannotbeaffectedorharmedbysth:
Informationmustbestoredsothatitissecurefromaccidentaldeletion.
BUILDING/DOOR/ROOM
4.guardedand/ormadestrongersothatitisdifficultforpeopletoenterorleave:
Checkthatallwindowsanddoorshavebeenmadeassecureaspossible.asecureunitforchildoffendersThebuildingissecureagainstintruders.
FIRM
5.notlikelytomove,falldown,etc.;stable:
Theaerialdoesn’tlookverysecuretome.Itwasdifficulttomaintainasecurefootholdontheice.(figurative)Ourrelationshipwasnowonamoresecurefooting.
verb
GETSTH
1.~sth
(for
sb/sth)|~sbsth(formal)toobtainorachievesth,especiallywhenthismeansusingalotofeffort:
[vn]tosecureacontract/dealTheteammanagedtosecureaplaceinthefinals.Shesecured2.000votes.Thedelegationhassecuredthepromiseofaceasefire.[vn,vnn]Hesecuredaplaceforhimselfatlawschool.Hesecuredhimselfaplaceatlawschool.
FASTENFIRMLY
2.[vn]~sth(tosth)toattachorfastensthfirmly:
Shesecuredtheropefirmlytothebackofthecar.Thetablesonboardweresecuredfirmlytothefloor.
PROTECTFROMHARM
3.[vn]~sth(againststh)toprotectsthsothatitissafeanddifficulttoattackordamage:
tosecureapropertyagainstintrudersThewindowsweresecuredwithlocksandbars.(figurative)asavingsplanthatwillsecureyourchild’sfuture
ALOAN
4.[vn]tolegallyagreetogivesbpropertyorgoodsthatareworththesameamountasthemoneythatyouhaveborrowedfromthem,ifyouareunabletopaythemoneyback:
aloansecuredonthehouse
random
adj.[usuallybeforenoun]done,chosen,etc.withoutsbdecidinginadvancewhatisgoingtohappen,orwithoutanyregularpattern:
therandomkillingofinnocentpeoplearandomsample/selection(=inwhicheachthinghasanequalchanceofbeingchosen)Theinformationisprocessedinarandomorder.
noun
atrandomwithoutdecidinginadvancewhatisgoingtohappen,orwithoutanyregularpattern:
Sheopenedthebookatrandom(=notatanyparticularpage)andstartedreading.Theterroristsfiredintothecrowdatrandom.Nameswerechosenatrandomfromalist.
awkward
adj.
1.makingyoufeelembarrassed:
Therewasanawkwardsilence.Ifeltawkwardbecausetheyobviouslywantedtobealone.2.difficulttodealwith:
Don’taskawkwardquestions.You’veputmeinanawkwardposition.anawkwardcustomer(=apersonwhoisdifficulttodealwith)Pleasedon’tbeawkwardaboutlettinghimcome.Itmakesthingsawkwardforeveryonewhenyoubehavelikethat.3.notconvenient,inconvenient:
HaveIcomeatanawkwardtime?
4.difficultordangerousbecauseofitsshapeordesign:
Thisboxisveryawkwardforonepersontocarry.Thistoolwillreachintoawkwardcorners,suchasunderkitchenunits.5.notmovinginaneasyway;notcomfortable:
Hetriedtodance,buthewastooclumsyandawkward.Imusthavesleptinanawkwardposition—I’machingallover.
reference
noun
MENTIONINGSB/STH
1.[C,U]~(tosb/sth)athingyousayorwritethatmentionssb/sthelse;theactofmentioningsb/sth:
ThebookisfullofreferencestogrowingupinIndia.Shemadenoreferencetoherillnessbutonlytoherfutureplans.thePresident’spassingreferenceto(=briefmentionof)theendofthewar
LOOKINGFORINFORMATION
2.[U]theactoflookingatsthforinformation:
Keepthelistofnumbersnearthephoneforeasyreference.Iwrotedownthenameofthehotelforfuturereference(=becauseitmightbeusefulinthefuture).Thelibrarycontainsmanypopularworksofreference(=referencebooks).
ASKINGFORADVICE
3.[U]~(tosb/sth)(formal)theactofaskingsbforhelporadvice:
Theemergencynursecantreatminorinjurieswithoutreferencetoadoctor.
NUMBER/WORD/SYMBOL
4.[C](abbr.ref.)anumber,wordorsymbolthatshowswheresthisonamap,orwhereyoucanfindapieceofinformation:
ThemapreferenceisY4..Pleasequoteyourreferencenumberwhenmakinganenquiry.
FORNEWJOB
5.[C]aletterwrittenbysbwhoknowsyou,givinginformationaboutyourcharacterandabilities,especiallytoanewemployer:
Wewilltakeupreferencesaftertheinterview.
6.[C]apersonwhoagreestowriteareference,foryou,forexamplewhenyouareapplyingforajob:
Mypreviousbosswillactasareferenceforme.
INBOOK
7.[C]anoteinabookthattellsyouwhereaparticularpieceofinformationcomesfrom:
Thereisalistofreferencesattheendofeachchapter.
in/withreferenceto(formal)usedtosaywhatyouaretalkingorwritingabout:
WithreferencetoyourletterofJuly22...
verb[vn](formal)torefertosth;toprovideabook,etc.withreferences:
Eachchapterisreferenced,citingliteratureupto2004.
precise
adj.
1.clearandaccurate;exact:
precisedetails/instructions/measurementsCanyougiveamoreprecisedefinitionoftheword?
Icanbereasonablypreciseaboutthetimeoftheincident.2.[onlybeforenoun]usedtoemphasizethatsthhappensataparticulartimeorinaparticularway:
Wewerejusttalkingaboutherwhen,atthatprecisemoment,shewalkedin.Doctorsfoundithardtoestablishtheprecisenatureofherillness.3.takingcaretobeexactandaccurate,especiallyaboutsmalldetails:
askilledandpreciseworkersmall,precisemovements(disapproving)She’sratherprimandprecise.
tobe(more)pr
eciseusedtoshowthatyouaregivingmoredetailedandaccurateinformationaboutsthyouhavejustmentioned:
Theshelfisaboutametrelong—well,98cm,tobeprecise.
simplify
verb(simplifies,simplifying,simplified,simplified)[vn]tomakestheasiertodoorunderstand:
Theapplicationformshavenowbeensimplified.Ihopehisappointmentwillsimplifymatters.asimplifiedversionofthestoryforyoungchildren
portable
adj.thatiseasytocarryortomove:
aportableTVTheequipmentislightweight,portableandeasytostore.(figurative)aportableloan/pension(=thatcanbemovedifyouchangebanks,jobs,etc.)portablesoftware
nounasmalltypeofmachinethatiseasytocarry,especiallyacomputeroratelevision:
Thekidsareupstairswatchingtheportable(=television).
shortcoming
noun[usuallypl.]afaultinsb’scharacter,aplan,asystem,etc.:
Shemademeawareofmyownshortcomings.Despiteanumberofshortcomings,theprojectwillstillgoahead.
update
verb[vn]
1.tomakesthmoremodernbyaddingnewparts,etc.:
It’sabouttimeweupdatedoursoftware.2.~sb(onsth)|~sthtogivesbthemostrecentinformationaboutsth;toaddthemostrecentinformationtosthbringuptodate:
Icalledtheofficetoupdatethemontheday’sdevelopments.Ourrecordsareregularlyupdated.
tendency
noun(pl.-ies)
1.[C]~(forsb/sth)(todosth)|~(to/towardssth)ifsb/sthhasaparticulartendency,theyarelikelytobehaveoractinaparticularway:
todisplayartistic,etc.tendenciesIhaveatendencytotalktoomuchwhenI’mnervous.Thereisatendencyforthisdiseasetoruninfamilies.Shehasastrongnaturaltendencytowardscaution.Thismaterialhasatendencytoshrinkwhenwashed.2.[C]~(forsb/st
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