河南省鹤壁市届高三下学期模拟考试英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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河南省鹤壁市届高三下学期模拟考试英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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河南省鹤壁市届高三下学期模拟考试英语试题Word版含答案
2021届高三年级模拟考试
英语
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dallas-FortWorthispackedwithsportingevents,holidayhappenings,andautumnalfestivalsduringthemonthofNovember.
TheAAATexas500:
ThisNASCARCupSeriesheldattheTexasMotorSpeedwayhasbeenwonbyfamouspeople.IttypicallytakesplaceinNovember,butin2021,itwillbeheldonOctober26.Ticketsrangeinpricefrom$49to$400.
DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday:
A“12DaysofChristmas”-inspiredlightdisplay,thistwo-monthshowiscomposedof“25-foot-tallbeautifullydecoratedVictorian-stylegazebos(凉亭)”,theorganizerssay,andmorethanamillionlightsarehungaroundthegardens,onhistorichomes,andsoforth.HolidayattheArboretumwilltakeplacefromNovember7toDecember31,2021.
SundanceSquareParadeofLights:
HeldeachyearindowntownFortWorth,theSundanceSquareParadeofLightsfeaturesmorethan100lights,marchingbands,antiquecars,anappearancebySantaClaus,andperformers.Streetseatsareavailableforafeebuttherearealsoplentyoffreeviewingareasalongtheroute.Theparadebeginsat7p.m.onNovember22,2021,atthecrossroadofWeatherfordStreetandHoustonStreet.
YMCATurkeyTrot:
Morethan25,000peopleparticipateinthisThanksgivingDay5Krun/walk.GuestsareaskedtodresslikeaturkeyandbeginthecharityracefromDallasCityHallat9a.m.In2021,theracewilltakeplacefromNovember20to29.
1.HowwilltheAAATexas500bedifferentin2021?
A.Itwillattractwell-knownracers.
B.Itwilllastalongerperiodoftime.
C.Itspriceswillbegreatlyincreased.
D.Itsdatewillbeadvanced.
2.WhatcanyouseeattheArboretumfromNov.7toDec.31?
A.Historicpictures.
B.Antiquecars.
C.Victorian-stylebuildings.
D.SantaClaus.
3.Whicheventhasrequirementsfortheparticipants'clothes?
A.TheAAATexas500.
B.YMCATurkeyTrot.
C.DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday.
D.SundanceSquareParadeofLights.
B
Today,westudyliteraturefromayoungage—learningaboutourhistories,farawayworldsandinfluentialpeople.Whetherwenoticeornot,thesestories—bothfictionandnon-fiction—guideusthroughoutourlives.Theyallowustoseetheworldthroughanother’seyes,openupourworldandteachusabouteverysubjectknowntoman.
Despitetheirimportance,manypeoplethrowouttheiroldbooks—layingwastethewisdomthatliesoneachpage.Inanefforttosavethisknowledgeandshareitwiththoselessfortunate,agarbagemanin,Bogota,Colombiahasbeensavingthrown-awaybooksfor20yearsandsharingthemwiththoseinneed.
“Ihatedtoseeallthebooksinthedustbinsofwealthierneighborhoods.SoIstartedtorescuethem,’’saidGutierrez.ThefirstbookhefoundwasacopyoftheclassicnovelAnnaKarenina.TheTolstoybookwaslaterjoinedbyTheLittlePrince,Sophie'sWorld,TheIliadandanumberofnovels.Today,hehascollectedaround25,000books.
Hisgrowingcollectiondidn’tgounnoticed.Gutierrez’sneighborsweresoonborrowingthebookstohelpwiththeirchildren’shomework.“Therewasalackoftheminourneighborhood,sowestartedtohelp,”saidGutierrez.
ThegroundfloorofGutierrez’shomeisnowfilledwithbooks,fromfloortoceiling.Overspillingwithbooks,heopeneditupasafreelibrary,withthehelpofhiswifeLuzGutierrezandtheirthreechildren.
WordeventuallyspreadaroundaboutGutierrezandhisbooks.Mostofthebooksnowcomefromdonations.Henowtravelsaroundthecountry,deliveringfreebookstopoorandremotedistricts.Thelibrary,named“TheStrengthofWords",hasdonatedbookstosome235schools,institutionsandcommunitylibrariesacrossColombia.
4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?
A.Bystatingsomefacts.
B.Bycontradictingatheory.
C.Bydescribingascene.
D.Byreferringtodocuments.
5.WhatdidtheTolstoybookmeantoGutierrez?
A.Aheavyfinancialburden.
B.Acompanionindifficulttimes.
C.Thebeginningofhischaritycampaign.
D.Oneofhisgreatestachievementsinlife.
6.WhichsayingdoesGutierrez'sstoryleadustobelieve?
A.Agoodbookisalighttothesoul.
B.Abadbeginningmakesabadending.
C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.
D.Oneman'sgarbageisanotherman'streasure.
7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Tolstoybooksrecoveredfromdustbins.
B.Literaturenowappealstogarbagecollectors.
C.Freelibrariespopularwithneighborhoodkids.
D.Garbagemanbuildsalibraryfromrescuedbooks.
C
They'renottheworld'stallestorlongestbridges,butastringofrivercrossingsmadefromtreerootsareengineeringwondersthatcontainlessonsformodemarchitects.
ThetownofCherrapunjiintheKhasiHillsiscreditedwiththeworldrecordforannualrainfallofover75feet!
Andinthisrainy,wetclimate,therubberfigtreegrowswithabandon.Thetreehasasecondaryrootsystemthatgrowsupabovethegroundfloorandletsthetreeeasilygrowontopofbigstonesandevenoutinthemiddleofstreams.Longago,theKhasis,atribeinMeghalayaregion,realizedtheycouldmakeuseoftheserootstotheirownadvantage.Bycontrollinganddirectingthesecondaryroots,theyhavecreatedstronglivingbridgeswithwhichtocrossstreamsandriversbythemselves.
Tomakeatreegrowinacertaindirection,thetribespeopleusethetrunksofabetelnuttreewhosemiddleisgotridof,asaguidancesystem.Thethin,tenderrootsoftherubbertreeareplacedsotheygrowinthedirectionofthetreetrunkratherthanfanningout.Eventually,therootsreachtheothersideoftheriverandgrowintothesoil.Thisprocesscantakewelloveradecadebeforethebridgeisfullyfunctionalandthenovertimethebridgegrowsandstrengthens.Rocksareplacedalongthebridge'ssidestoimprovethefootpaths.
Someofthesebridgesareover100feetlongandcanevensupporttheweightoffiftyor-morepeopleatatime.ThesebridgesareuseddailybythepeopleofthevillagesaroundCherrapunjiandafewarethoughttobemorethan500yearsold.Thereisevenadoubledeckerbridge,knownasthe“UmshiangDouble-DeckerRootBridge",whichfeaturestwobridgesgrownrightontopofeachother.Itisthoughttobetheonlybridgeofitskind.
8.WhatdoweknowaboutthebridgesinMeghalaya?
A.Theyresemblethefigtreeroots.
B.They'reworksofmodernarchitects.
C.Theytakeaveryshorttimetobuild.
D.They'reconstructedbythevillagers.
9.Howisabetelnuttreeusedinbuildingthebridges?
A.Itplaystheroleofaguide.
B.Itbearstheweightofthebridge.
C.Itprotectsthesurfaceofthebridge.
D.Itdeliversmaterialsacrosstheriver.
10.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlydescribe?
A.Acomplexsystem.
B.Aconstructionprocess.
C.Ascientifictheory.
D.Anaturallandscape.
11.Whatmakesthe“UmshiangDouble-DeckerRootBridge”unusual?
A.Itshistory.
B.Itsmaterial.
C.Itsshape.
D.Itslength.
D
Tolookinsideanantnestistomeetwithanaliencivilization.Theboilingmassofworkerantsbeneathanupturnedstoneisbothstrangelyreminiscentof(联想到)humansocietyandstrikinglydifferent.Thereisanorganizationthatfascinatesusandalonglineofmyrmecophiles(orantlovers)leadsbackallthewaytoKingSolomon,whoinfactadvisedpeopleto“gototheant,considerherwaysandbewise”.ThiswasexactlytheinspirationbehindPlanetAnt,aTVprogramshowcasingwhatweknowaboutthekingdomofants,andwhatantscanteachusaboutthehumanworld.
Likeus,antsbuildstructures,findfood,defendtheirsocietiesandmanagewaste,and-alsolikeus-theymustbewellorganized.Forexample,theleaf-cuttingantsofPlanetAnthavespecialwastedisposalareasforstoringharmfulwasteandateamof“waste-disposalants”dedicatedtokeepingthenestclean.Butantsachievethisfamiliarfinalresultinaverydifferentwaytohumans.Humansocietieshavecentralizedcontrol.Inotherwords,someonetellsuswhattodo.Ants,ontheotherhand,havedecentralizedcontrolandneitherthequeennoranyotherantdirectswork.Antworkersarethefinalself-starters,followingspecific,butpotentiallyflexible,rulesincertainsituations.
Chemicaltrailsunderpinmuchofthisself-organization.Foragers(觅食者)layamixofchemicalsknownastrailpheromone(信息素)behindthemastheywalk.Otherantsfollowthetrailandiftheyfindfoodtheyreinforceit,layingmorepheromoneastheyreturntothenest.Strongertrailsaremorelikelytobefollowed,sotrailsleadingtofoodbecomeprogressivelyreinforced,whiletrailswithnofoodattheendfadeaway.
Thiscombinationofpositivefeedbackandevaporation(蒸发)producesaneffectiveforagingsystemthatisverygoodatfindingthequickestroutestofood.Thissimpleguidingprinciple,andotherslikeit,haveprovidedsomeusefulsolutionstothecomplexproblemsfacedbyengineers,computerscientistsandbusinesses.
12.WhydoestheauthormentionKingSolomoninthefirstparagraph?
A.Toprovideabackground.B.Toshowadmirationforhim.
C.Tostressthewisdomofants.D.Toexplainanabstracttheory.
13.Howdoantsbehavewhileperformingtasks?
A.Theygetordersfromtheirpartners.B.Theychoosetodoonlyroutinetasks.
C.Theystrictlyfollowthequeen’sorders.D.Theyfollowtheirownsensesandcertainrules.
14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underpin”inparagraph3probablymean?
A.Decide.B.Support.C.Develop.D.Calculate.
15.Whatinformationcanwegetabouttrailpheromonefromthetext?
A.Itcomesfromthefoodresources.B.Itappearsbeforeants’self-organization.
C.Itleadsthefollowingantstofood.D.
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