精品文档北京导游词英文版易修改word版 28页.docx
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精品文档北京导游词英文版易修改word版 28页.docx
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北京导游词英文版
北京导游词英文版即使为大家整理的北京长城英文版导游词,欢迎大家阅读!
北京导游词英文版【1】
LadiesandGentlemen:
WelcometotheGreatWall.
StartingoutintheeastonthebanksoftheYaleRiverinLeaningProvince,theWallstretcheswestwardsfor12,700kilometerstoJiayuguanintheGobidesert,thusknownastheTenThousandLiWallinChina.
TheWallclimbsupanddown,twistsandturnsalongtheridgesoftheYanshanandYinshanMountainChainsthroughfiveprovinces——Liaoning,Hebei,Shanxi,Shaanxi,andGansuandtwoautonomousregions——NingxiaandInnerMongolia,bindingthenorthernChinatogether.
HistoricalrecordstracetheconstructionoftheoriginoftheWalltodefensivefortificationbacktotheyear656B.C.
duringthereignofKingChengoftheStatesofChu.
ItsconstructioncontinuedthroughouttheWarringStatesperiodinthefifthCenturyB.C.
Walls,then,wasbuiltseparatelybytheseducalstatestowardoffsuchharassments.
Laterin221B.C.
ThemostextensivereinforcementsandrenovationswerecarriedoutintheMingDynasty(1368——1644)whenaltogether18lengthystretcheswerereinforcedwithbricksandrocks.
itismostlytheMingDynastyWallthatvisitorsseetoday.
TheGreatWallisdividedintotwosections,theeastandwest,withShanxiProvinceasthedividingline.
Thewestpartisarammedearthconstruction,about5.
3metershighonaverage.
Intheeasternpart,thecoreoftheWallisrammedearthaswell,buttheoutershellisreinforcedwithbricksandrocks.
ThemostimposingandbestpreservedsectionsoftheGreatWallareatBadalingandMutianyu,notfarfromBeijingandbothareopentovisitors.
TheWallofthosesectionsis7.
8metershighand6.
5meterswideatitsbase,narrowingto5.
8metersontheramparts,wideenoughforfivehorsestogallopabreast.
Two-storiedwatch-towersarebuiltatapproximately400-metersinternals.
Thetopstoriesofthewatch-towerweredesignedforobservingenemymovements,whilethefirstwasusedforstoringgrain,fodder,militaryequipmentandgunpowderaswellasforquarteringgarrisonsoldiers.
Thehighestwatch-toweratBadalingstandingonahill-top,isreachedonlyafterasteepclimb,like"climbingaladdertoheaven".
Therestand14majorpasses(Guan,inChinese)atplacesofstrategicimportancealongtheGreatWall,themostimportantbeingShanghaiguanandJiayuguan.
YetthemostimpressiveoneisJuyongguan,about50kilometersnorthwestofBeijing.
Knownas"TianXiaDiYIGuan"(TheFirstPassUnderHeaven),ShanghaiguanPassissituatedbetweentwosheercliffsforminganeckconnectingnorthChinawiththenortheast.
Ithadbeen,therefore,akeyjunctioncontestedbyallstrategistsandmanyfamousbattleswerefoughthere.
ItwasthegateofShanghaiguanthattheMinggeneralWuSanguiopenedtotheManchuarmytosuppressthepeasantrebellionledbyLiZichengandsosurrenderedthewholeMingempiretotheManchus,leadingtothefoundationoftheQingDynasty.
(1644-1911)
Asaculturalheritage,theWallbelongsnotonlytoChinabuttotheworld.
TheVenicechartersays:
"Historicalandculturalarchitecturenotonlyincludestheindividualarchitecturalworks,butalsotheurbanorruralenvironmentthatwitnessedcertaincivilizations,significantsocialdevelopmentsorhistoricalevents.
"TheGreatWallisthelargestofsuchhistoricalandculturalarchitecture,andthatiswhyitcontinuestobesoattractivetopeopleallovertheworld.
In1987,theWallwaslistedbyUNESCOasaworldculturalheritagesite.
长城英文导游词【2】
Iampleasedtoserveasyourguidetoday.
Thisisthepalacemuseum;alsoknowasthePurpleForbiddenCity.
ItisthelargestandmostwellreservedimperialresidenceinChinatoday.
UnderMingEmperorYongle,constructionbeganin1406.
Ittook14yearstobuildtheForbiddenCity.
ThefirstrulerwhoactuallylivedherewasMingEmperorZhudi.
Forfivecenturiesthereafter,itcontinuedtobetheresidenceof23successiveemperorsuntil1911whenQingEmperorPuyiwasforcedtoabdicatethethrone.
In1987,theUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizationrecognizedtheForbiddenCitywasaworldculturallegacy.
ItisbelievedthatthePalaceMuseum,orZiJinCheng,gotitsnamefromastronomyfolklore,TheancientastronomersdividedtheconstellationsintogroupsandcenteredthemaroundtheZiweiYuan.
TheconstellationcontainingtheNorthStarwascalledtheConstellationofHeavenlyGodandstaritselfwascalledthepurplepalace.
Becausetheemperorwassupposedlythesonoftheheavenlygods,hiscentralanddominantpositionwouldbefurtherhighlightedtheuseofthewordpurpleinthenameofhisresidence.
Infolklore,theterm”aneasternpurplecloudisdrifting”becameametaphorforauspiciouseventsafterapurplecloudwasseendriftingeastwardimmediatelybeforethearrivalofanancientphilosopher,LaoZi,totheHanghuPass.
Here,purpleisassociatedwithauspiciousdevelopments.
Thewordjinisself-explanatoryastheimperialpalacewasheavilyguardedandoff-explanatoryastheimperialpalacewasheavilyguardedandoff-limitstoordinarypeople.
Theredandyellowusedonthepalacewallsandroofsarealsosymbolic.
Redrepresentshappiness,goodfortuneandwealth.
YellowisthecoloroftheearthontheLoessPlateau,theoriginalhomeoftheChinesepeople.
YellowbecameanimperialcolorduringtheTangdynasty,whenonlymembersoftheroyalfamilywereallowedtowearitanduseitintheirarchitecture.
TheForbiddenCityisrectangularinshape.
Itis960meterslongfromnorthtosouthand750meterwidefromeastwest.
Ithas9,900roomsunderatotalroofarea150,000squaremeters.
A52-meter-wide-moatencirclesa9.
9-meter—highwallwhichenclosesthecomplex.
Octagon—shapedturretsrestonthefourcornersofthewall.
Therearefourentrancesintothecity:
theMeridianGatetothesouth,theShenwuGatetothenorth,andtheXihuaGatetothenorth,andtheXihuaGatetothewest,theDonghuatotheeast.
ManpowerandmaterialsthroughoutthecountrywereusedtobuildtheForbiddenCity.
Atotalof230,000artisansandonemillionlaborerswereemployed.
MarblewasquarriedfromfangshanCountryMountPaninJixianCountyinHebeiProvince.
GranitewasquarriedinQuyangCountyinHebeiProvince.
PavingblockswerefiredinkilnsinSuzhouinsouthernChina.
BricksandscarletpigmentationusedonthepalatialwallscamefromlinqinginShandongProvince.
Timberwascut,processedandhauledfromthenorthwesternandsouthernregions.
ThestructureinfrontofusistheMeridianGate.
ItisthemainentrancetotheforbiddenCity.
ItisalsoknowsasWufenglou.
Mingemperorsheldlavishbanquetshereonthe15thdayofthefirstmonthoftheChineselunaryearinhornoroftheircounties.
Theyalsousedthisplaceforpunishingofficalsbyfloggingthemwithsticks.
Qingemperorsusedthisbuildingtoannouncethebeginningofthenewyear.
QingEmperorQianglongchangedtheoriginalnameofthisannouncementceremonyfrombanlitobanshoutoavoidcoincidentalassociationwithanotherEmperor`sname,Hongli,whichwasconsideredatabooatthattime.
QingDynastyemperorsalsousedthisplacetoholdaudienceandforotherimportantceremonies.
Forexample,whentheimperialarmyreturnedvictoriouslyfromthebattlefield,itwasherethattheEmperorpresidedovertheceremonytoacceptprisonersofwar.
nowweareinsidetheForbiddenCity.
Beforewestartourtour,Iwouldliketobrieflyintroduceyoutothearchitecturalpatternsbefourus.
Tocompletethissolemn,magnificentandpalatialcomplex,avarietyofbuildingswerearrangedonanorth-southaxis,and8-kilometer-longinvisiblelinethathasbecomeaninseparablepartoftheCityofBeijing.
TheForbiddenCitycoversroughlyone–thirdofthiscentralaxis.
MostoftheimportantbuildingintheForbiddenCitywereearrangedalongthisline.
Thedesignandarrangementofthepalacesreflectthesolemndignityoftheroyalcourtandrigidly–stratifiedfeudalsystem.
TheForbiddenCityisdividedintoanouterandaninnercount.
Wearenowstandingonthesouthernmostpartoftheoutercount.
InfrontofusliestheGateofsupremeHarmony.
Thegateisguardedbyapairofbronzelions,symbolizingimperialpoweranddignity.
Thelionswerethemostexquisiteandbiggestofitskind.
Theoneontheeastplayingwithaballisamale,andballissaidtorepresentstateunity.
Theotheroneisafemale.
Underneathoneofitsforeclawsisacubthatisconsideredtobeasymbolofperpetualimperialsuccession.
ThewindingbrookbeforeusistheGoldenWaterRiver.
Itfunctionsbothasdecorationandfirecontrol.
ThefivebridgesspanningtheriverrepresentthefivevirtuespreachedbyConfucius:
benevolence,righteousness,rites,intellenceandfidelity.
Therivertakestheshapeofabowandthenorth-southaxisisitsarrow.
ThiswasmeanttoshowthattheEmperorsruledthecountryonbehalfofGod.
TheForbiddenCityconsistsofanoutercountyardandaninnerenclosure.
TheoutcountyardcoversavastspacelyingbetweentheMeridianGateandtheGateofHeavenlyPurity.
The“threebighalls”ofSupremeHarmony,CompleteHarmonyandPreservingHarmonyconstitutethecenterofthisbuildinggroup.
Flankingtheminbilateralsymmetryaretwogroupsofpalaces:
WenhuaandWuying.
Thethreegreathallsarebuiltonaspacious“H”-shaped,8-
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