春英语必修4人教版习题单元质量评估2.docx
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春英语必修4人教版习题单元质量评估2.docx
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春英语必修4人教版习题单元质量评估2
单元质量评估
(二)
时间:
100分钟 分数:
120分
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Guamisabeautiful,smallislandinthePacificOcean.You'llfindhappysongbirds,clearbluewater,andleafyforestthere.Butthesmallislandhasabigproblem:
snakes.Thereareabout2millionbrowntreesnakeslivinginGuam.
Thesnakeslikelyarrivedinthe1940s.Theyprobablyslipped(滑行)unseenontoshipsandplanesheadingtoGuam.Oncethere,thesnakeslaideggs.Snakefamiliesgrew.ThesnakeshavenonaturalenemiestoeatthemonGuam.Soon,theislandwascoveredwiththesesnakes.
Thebrowntreesnakehashadadevastatingeffect.Thesnakeseatbirds.Thereusedtobe12kindsofbirdsontheisland.Butthesesnakeshavekilledoffninekindsofthebirds.Thesnakescangrowtobe10feetlong.Theyoftenbitehumans.Theyclimbontopowerlinesandmaketheelectricitygoout.Thiscausesmillionsofdollarsindamage.
Scientistshavetriedmanydifferentwaystocontrolthenumberofsnakes.Theyhaveusedsnaketrapsandsnakesniffingdogs.Nothingseemedtowork.Nothing,thatis,untiltheyfoundasurprisingsecretweapon(武器):
killermice.
Scientistsfoundoutthatthereisoneeasywaytokillbrowntreesnakes.TheycouldgivethemamedicinecalledTylenol.PeopletakeTylenolforheadachesandotherpains.EvenalittlebitofTylenolcankillabrowntreesnake.
ButhowwouldscientistsgetthetreesnakestoeatTylenol?
Theycameupwithaplan.First,theexpertsputthemedicineintodeadmice.Thentheyattachedeachmousetoaminipaperparachute(降落伞).PlanesdroppedthemiceoverGuam.Theparachutesgotcaughtinthetrees.Themicebecamedinnerforthesnakesthatlivethere.
Hasitworked?
Sofar,researchshowsthattherearefewersnakesbecauseofthemice.Theworryisthatitmaybetoolatetoclearthesnakes,butMrVicefromGuam'sDepartmentofAgriculturesaysthisshouldnotstoptheislandersfromtrying.“Ourlongtermgoalistokillthesnakeoffcompletely,”hesays.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
棕树蛇给关岛上的居民和动物带来严重的困扰。
为了除掉它们,科学家使用了体内装有泰诺这种药物的死老鼠。
1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebrowntreesnakes?
A.TheywereshippedtoGuamonpurpose.
B.TheywerenotnativetoGuam.
C.Theywereatriskinthe1940s.
D.Theygrewveryslowly.
详细分析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“Thesnakeslikelyarrivedinthe1940s...Snakefamiliesgrew.”可知,棕树蛇是关岛的外来物种。
答案:
B
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastating”inParagraph3mean?
A.Magical. B.Damaging.
C.Shortterm.D.Interesting.
详细分析:
词义猜测题。
根据第三段中的“Thereusedtobe12kindsofbirdsontheisland...Thiscausesmillionsofdollarsindamage.”可知,棕树蛇对关岛上的动物有毁灭性的影响。
答案:
B
3.Whatwasamoreworkablewaytokillthebrowntreesnakes?
A.LettingthemeatTylenolcarriedbymice.
B.PuttingTylenolinthetrees.
C.Bringingintheirenemies.
D.Usingsnaketraps.
详细分析:
推理判断题。
根据第五段中的“EvenalittlebitofTylenolcankillabrowntreesnake.”及第六段中的“expertsputthemedicineintodeadmice”和最后一段中的“Sofar,researchshowsthattherearefewersnakesbecauseofthemice.”可知,科学家在关岛上投放了大量体内含有泰诺药的死老鼠,棕树蛇会把这些死老鼠当作食物吃掉,这样死老鼠体内的药物就会杀死这些蛇,这种方法有效地减少了棕树蛇的数量。
答案:
A
B
Anaverage30yearoldpersonwhohaseatenthreemealsadaysincebirthhaseatenmorethan30,000mealstodate.Evenifyou'veonlyeatenhalfthatmuch,youhavetoadmitthis:
you'veletsomeofthatbreakfast,lunchordinnergotowaste.Anditturnsoutwe'realltoblameforthisshamingfact:
30%ofallfoodproducedintheworldeachyeariswastedorlost.That'sabout1.3billiontons,accordingtoanewreportbytheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization.
That'stheweightofmorethan8.6millionfullgrownbluewhales,thelargestcreaturesonearth.That'stheweightofmorethan2.3millionAirbusA380s,thelargestplanesinexistence.That'sasifeachpersoninChina,theworld'smostpopulouscountrywithmorethan1.3billionpeople,hadonetonmassoffoodthrownintothedustbin.It'salmostunfathomable,isn'tit?
Settingasidethatbignumber,wefindthepeoplewiththemostmoneyaretheoneswhowastethemost.Onaverage,apersoninEuropeanandNorthAmericancountrieswastesbetween95and115kilogramsoffood.SubSaharanAfrican,SouthAsianandSoutheastAsiancountrieswastemuch,muchless—between6and11kilogramsperperson.
Here'sanotherstatistic:
allthefoodthattheworld'srichestcountrieswasteisaboutequaltoallthefoodthatsubSaharanAfricaproduces.Thenumbers:
222milliontonsand230milliontons,respectively(分别地).Basically,thewastedfoodoftherichcouldfeedmuchoftheAfricancontinent.Andthesenumberscomeaswe'vejustbeenreportingaboutrisingfoodpricesaroundtheworldinthepastweek.
Andmyownpersonaltip:
ifIeatatarestaurantandcan'tfinishitall,Iaskforadoggiebag.IusedtobeawaiteryearsagoandwillneverforgettheamountsoffoodIsawleftonthetableafterthebillwaspaid.There'snoreasontowastefood.It'suptoallofustouseourcommonsensetoeatandshopjustabitmorewisely.
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文。
根据联合国粮农组织的一份报告,目前全球生产出来的30%的食物在消费过程中被浪费掉。
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unfathomable”inParagraph2mean?
A.Possibletoimagine. B.Impossibletochange.
C.Impossibletounderstand.D.Possibletounderstand.
详细分析:
词义猜测题。
根据第二段可知,每年浪费的食物的重量超过了860万头地球上最大的动物——蓝鲸的重量,也超过了230万架世界上现有的最大的飞机——空中客车A380的重量。
这也好比在世界拥有超过13亿人的人口最多的国家——中国,人均向垃圾桶里倾倒一吨的食物。
由此可推知这种现象使人难以理解。
unfathomable意为“难以理解的;深不可测的”。
答案:
C
5.Itcanbelearnedthatthefoodtherichwastecansupport .
A.halfthepeopleinEuropeB.mostpeopleofAmerica
C.mostpeopleofAsia D.mostpeopleofAfrica
详细分析:
细节理解题。
根据第四段倒数第二句“Basically,thewastedfoodoftherichcouldfeedmuchoftheAfricancontinent.”可知,富有的国家浪费的食物可以养活非洲大陆大部分地区的人。
答案:
D
6.Theauthorgavehispersonaltipbasedonthefactthat .
A.hewasonceverypoor
B.hewasonceafarmer
C.heonceworkedinarestaurant
D.thepriceoffoodisveryhigh
详细分析:
细节理解题。
根据最后一段第二句“IusedtobeawaiteryearsagoandwillneverforgettheamountsoffoodIsawleftonthetableafterthebillwaspaid.”可知,作者的建议是根据他曾是一个餐馆服务员的工作经历而给出的。
答案:
C
7.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?
A.Toshowtheauthor'sopinionoffood.
B.Toletuslivemorewiselyandnotwastefood.
C.Toshowtheamountofwastedfoodayear.
D.ToasktherichestcountriestohelpAfricanpeople.
详细分析:
写作意图题。
根据第一段倒数第二句“Anditturnsoutwe'realltoblameforthisshamingfact:
30%ofallfoodproducedintheworldeachyeariswastedorlost。
”和最后一段最后两句“There'snoreasontowaste...andshopjustabitmorewisely.”可知,文章的写作目的在于让人们不要浪费食物,要更明智地生活。
答案:
B
C
WhenPaulwasaboygrowingupinUtah,hehappenedtolivenearacoppersmelter(炼铜厂),andthechemicalsthatpouredouthadmadeawastelandoutofwhatusedtobeabeautifulforest.Onedayayoungvisitorlookedatthiswastelandandcalleditanawfularea.Paulknockedhimdown.Fromthenon,somethinghappenedinsidehim.
YearslaterPaulwasbackinthearea,andhewenttothesmelteroffice.Heaskediftheyhadanyplansoriftheywouldlethimtrytobringthetreesback.Theanswerfromthatbigindustrywas“No”.
Paulthenwenttocollegetostudythescienceofplants.Unfortunately,histeacherssaidthereweren'tanybirdsorsquirrelstospreadtheseeds.Itwouldbeawasteofhislifetotrytodoit.Everyoneknewthat,hewastold.Evenifhewasknowledgeableashehadexpected,hewouldn'tgethisideaaccepted.
Paullatergotmarriedbuthisdreamwouldnotdie.Andthenonenighthedidwhathecouldwithwhathehad.AsSamuelJohnsonwrote,“Itiscommontooverlookwhatisnearbykeepingtheeyefixedonsomethingremote.”Underthecoverofdarkness,hewentsecretlyintothewastelandandstartedplanting.
Andeveryweek,hemadehissecretjourneyintothewastelandandplantedtreesandgrass.ForfifteenyearshedidthisagainsttheplaincommonsenseW.Slowlyrabbitsappeared.Later,astherewaslegalpressuretocleanuptheenvironment,thecompanyactuallyhiredPaultodowhathewasalreadydoing.
Nowtheplaceisfourteenthousandacresoftreesandgrassandbushes,andPaulhasreceivedalmosteveryenvironmentalawardUtahhas.Ittookhimuntilhishairturnedwhite,buthemanagedtokeepthatimpossiblevow(誓言)hemadetohimselfasachild.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一个美国青年,独自一人通过不懈的努力,把自己家乡的一家冶炼厂留下的垃圾堆变成了一片绿洲的故事。
8.WhenPaulwasaboy, .
A.hehaddecidednevertoleavehishometown
B.theeconomyofUtahdependedwhollyonthecoppersmelter
C.hehitayoungvisitorbecauseofhiscommentsonthewasteland
D.hestoppedthecoppersmelterpollutingthearea
详细分析:
细节理解题。
第一段说,有个游客看着炼铜厂导致的废地,说这是个可怕的地方,于是保尔就把对方打倒在地。
由此可知选C。
答案:
C
9.Paulwenttocollegetostudythescienceofplants,because .
A.hewantedtofindoutthebestwaytosavetheareahimself
B.hewasinterestedinplantingtreessincehewasyoung
C.hewantedtogetmoreknowledgeablepeopletohelphim
D.hethoughthisknowledgewouldmakehisadvicemoreconvincing
详细分析:
推理判断题。
第三段说他被拒绝之后就去读大学研究植物,而他的老师说那个地方没有鸟儿或松鼠播撒种子,他这样做是在浪费生命。
从这些信息看,他去读大学是因为他的请求被那家炼铜厂拒绝了,去读大学,是希望能学到更多的专业知识来改变这个地方的环境。
答案:
D
10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theplaincommonsense”probablymean?
A.Itwasimpossiblefortreestogrowonthewasteland.
B.Hisnormalworkandlifewouldbegreatlyaffected.
C.Noonewouldliketojoinhimintheefforts.
D.Hehadtokeepeverythinghedidsecret.
详细分析:
词义猜测题。
文中说在连续15年的时间里,他在这里种树,用自己的行为去改变常人的观点,那就是,树木在荒地上是长不起来的。
故选A项。
答案:
A
11.ThecompanyhiredPaultoplanttreesandgrassbecause .
A.theyrealizedtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection
B.whatPaulwasdoingmovedthem
C.Paulpersuadedthemtohelphim
D.theyhadlegalpressure
详细分析:
细节理解题。
根据第五段最后一句中的“Later,astherewaslegalpressuretocleanuptheenvironment,thecompanyactuallyhiredPaulto...”可知选D。
答案:
D
D
You'reinabitofadilemmastandinginfrontoftheprodu
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