版高中英语必修第一册同步强化训练 Unit 4Three Discovering Useful Structures.docx
- 文档编号:25480547
- 上传时间:2023-06-09
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:14
- 大小:33.69KB
版高中英语必修第一册同步强化训练 Unit 4Three Discovering Useful Structures.docx
《版高中英语必修第一册同步强化训练 Unit 4Three Discovering Useful Structures.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《版高中英语必修第一册同步强化训练 Unit 4Three Discovering Useful Structures.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
版高中英语必修第一册同步强化训练Unit4ThreeDiscoveringUsefulStructures
PeriodThree DiscoveringUsefulStructures—RestrictiveRelativeClauses
(1)
感知以下课文原句,完成方框下的小题
1.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.
2.Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometersawayinBeijing.
3.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.
4.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.
5.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.
6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.
7.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.
1.以上定语从句由关系词who,which,that,whose引导,修饰名词或代词,置于被修饰词的后面。
2.关系代词which,that,who在定语从句中可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语;关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。
在复合句中,修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句,并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种,关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose等;关系副词有when,where,why等。
一、关系代词的用法
1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledintheaccidentwasover100.
在那次事故中丧生的人数超过了100。
HeisthemanwhoImetyesterday.
他就是我昨天遇见的那个人。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省略。
Theboy(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesistheirmonitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
注意:
(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who/that来代替。
Theboy(who/whom/that)wesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.
昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。
(2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时,用whom,不用who。
Themantowhomyouspokejustnowisarelativeofmine.
刚才和你说话的男人是我的一个亲戚。
3.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
Thegoldmedal(which)shewonhasbeengiventoheroldschool.
她获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
4.that既可以指人,相当于who或whom;也可以指物,相当于which。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
Thewoman(that/who/whom)Ireadaboutinthenewspaperhasjustwonagoldmedal.
我在报纸上读过相关报道的那位女士,她刚刚赢得一枚金牌。
Thereport(that/which)MrTurnerhandedinwasaboutthemotorrace.
特纳先生递交的报告是关于汽车比赛的。
注意:
(1)宜用that不宜用which的情况
①当先行词是all,little,few,much,something,anything,everything,nothing,some等不定代词时。
Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
一切能做的都已经做完了。
②当先行词被all,every,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,theright,thelast,just等修饰时。
Musicistheonlythingthatinterestsme.
音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。
③当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
ThisisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverread.
这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。
④当先行词中既有人又有物时。
Shedescribedinhercompositionthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedhermost.
她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。
⑤当主语是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Whicharethebooksthatyouboughtforme?
哪些是你买给我的书?
(2)宜用which不宜用that的情况
①关系代词前有介词时。
ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.
我过去住的房子现在已经变成了一家鞋店。
②在非限制性定语从句中。
Haveyoueverreadthebook,whichwaswrittenbyayounggirl?
你读过这本由一个年轻女孩写的书了吗?
③先行词本身就是that时。
What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?
刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么?
④关系代词后有插入语时。
HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,Ithink,canhelpimproveyourEnglish.
这就是那本我认为能帮你提高英语水平的英语语法书。
(3)宜用who不宜用that的情况
①当先行词是指人的不定代词时,如:
one,ones,anyone。
Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.
谁那样做都一定是疯了。
②当先行词是I,you,he,they等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)。
Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。
③当先行词为指人的those时。
Thosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.
那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的高度尊重。
④在therebe结构中,先行词指人时。
Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.
有一个年轻人想见你。
5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语。
指物时,“whose+名词”可用“限定词+名词+ofwhich”或“ofwhich+限定词+名词”来代替。
Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.
(=Pleasepassmethebookthecoverofwhich/ofwhichthecoverisgreen.)
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
Thisisthepersonwhosestorysurprisedeverybody.
就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。
Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokencanhold40students.
那间被弄坏了门的教室能容纳40个学生。
二、使用定语从句的注意事项
1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。
Thesuitcasethat/whichliesonthegroundishers.
地上放的那个手提箱是她的。
注意:
“oneof+复数名词”作先行词,谓语动词用复数形式;“theonlyoneof+复数名词”作先行词,谓语动词用单数形式。
ThisisoneofthebookswhichwerewrittenbyCharlesDickens.
这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书的其中一本。
HeistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswhohaslearnedFrench.
他是我们班男生中唯一一个学过法语的。
2.为避免关系词的重复,被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。
[译]昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。
[误]Thefilm(that/which)wesawitlastnightisveryfrightening.
[正]Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisveryfrightening.
3.关系代词的省略。
(1)关系代词作主语时不能省略。
(2)作动词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
作介词宾语的关系代词,如果不直接位于介词后,可省略;如果直接位于介词后,则不能省略。
Wevisitedthehouse(that/which)LuXunoncelivedin.
=WevisitedthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.
我们参观了鲁迅曾住过的房子。
(3)关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。
单句语法填空
1.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasterswho/thathadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
2.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.(2019·北京)
3.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014that/whichshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
4.Manywesternerswho/thatcometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.(2018·浙江)
5.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofwhosepurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.(2017·江苏)
6.Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.
(2017·北京)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosttheirhomesinthedisaster.
2.ThosewhowanttogototheEnglishpartymustbeattheschoolgateby7∶30pm.
3.ThefirstmuseumthathevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.
4.Thefilmthat/whichyouarelookingforwardtoseeingwillbeontomorrow.
5.Iknowthepersonwhosehousewasdestroyedintheearthquake.
6.ItisthetallestbuildingthatDaminghasseeneversincehecamehere.
7.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformewhosepriceaddeduptomorethan1,000yuan.
8.Shesaidshewoulddoanythingthatcouldhelphermotherrecoverfromthedisease.
9.Anyonewhohashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
10.Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.
Ⅱ.用定语从句合并句子
11.Doyouknowtheman?
Themanspoketotheheadmasterjustnow.
→Doyouknowthemanwho/that spoke to the headmaster just now?
12.Thewomanismymother.Youarelookingafterher.
→Thewoman(that/who/whom) you are looking afterismymother.
13.Mygrandparentsliveinahouse.Thehouseismorethan100yearsold.
→Mygrandparentsliveinahousewhich/that is more than 100 years old.
14.LastweekMaryworethedress.Igaveittoher.
→LastweekMaryworethedress(that/which) I gave to her.
15.ThegirlisfromAmerica.Herfatherisateacher.
→Thegirlwhose father is a teacherisfromAmerica.
16.Theroomismine.Itswindowsfacenorth.
→Theroomwhose windows face northismine.
课时跟踪练3
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Sincetheoldmanhasstoppedbreathing,thereislittlethatIcandoforhim.
2.Igetalongwellwiththeboythat/whodoeswellinmaths.
3.Doyouknowtheladythat/whom/whoourEnglishteacheristalkingtonow?
4.We’recollectingmoneyforthosewhosehomesweredestroyedbytheearthquake.
5.Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverislightgreen.
6.Ivisitedtheschoolyesterdaythat/whichwasbuiltfiftyyearsago.
7.Thegirlwho/thatisspeakingtothewholeclassisourmonitor.
8.YesterdaywasoneofthecoldestdaysthatIhaveeverknown.
9.Thereareatotalof1,000workersinthiscompany,twothirdsofwhomarewomen.
10.Imisstheteachersandthekindergartenthatmyparentsthinkhighlyof.
Ⅱ.完成句子
11.Thisisthehotel(that/which) I stayed atwhenIwastravellinghere.
这是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。
12.Jackwasherbestfriendfrom whom she borrowed a car to travel.
杰克是她最好的朋友,从他那里她借了一辆车去旅行。
13.Thisistheverybookthat I am looking for.
这就是我正在找的那本书。
14.WearegoingtolearnsomeChinesepoemsthat/which were writtenintheTangDynasty.
我们将学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。
15.Sheisoneofthegirlswho have passed the exam.
她是通过考试的女孩之一。
能力提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Everyyeartherearehundredsofearthquakesindifferentpartsoftheworld.InSeptember,1923,TokyoandYokohamawerebothdestroyedbyanearthquakeandthefiresthatfollowedit.Theyhadtobecompletelyrebuilt.OneofthemostseriousearthquakeswasinChina’sShaanxiProvincein1556.Itkilledalmostonemillionpeople.
Wemeasureanearthquake’sstrengthontheRichterScale.TheRichterScalewasintroducedin1935inSouthernCaliforniaintheUSA.Itmeasuresearthquakesonascaleofonetoten.Anyearthquakemeasuringfiveormoreisusuallyserious.
TheEarth’scrustismadeupofrockcalledplates.Astheseplatesmove,theysometimescrashagainsteachother,causingthecrusttoquake.IncitiessuchasTokyo,wheresmallquakeshappenquiteoften,manymodernbuildingsaredesignedtobeflexiblesowhentheEarthmoves,theymovewithit.
Earthquakescanalsobreakupgasandoilpipes.Thiscancausefirestobreakout,whichcandoasmuchdamageastheearthquakeitself.Anothereffectofearthquakesistsunamis.Thesearehugewavescreatedbyearthquakesbeneaththesea.Theycanbemanymetreshighandcausegreatdamagetocoastaltownsandcities.China,Japan,RussiaandtheUSAhavethehighestoccurrence(发生)ofearthquakesintheworld.
16.Thepassageismainlyabout .
A.scientistswhostudyearthquakes
B.ausualnaturaldisaster
C.thewayofmeasuringearthquakes
D.whatpeopleshoulddoinearthquakes
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。
本文主要介绍了地震这种自然灾害,在世界各地,每年都会发生成百上千次的地震,故选B。
17.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatearthquakes .
A.happenallovertheworld
B.arenotserious
C.mostpossiblyhappeninJapan
D.don’tcausemuchdamage
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。
通读全文并根据常识可知B、C、D三项错误,由文章第一句“Everyyeartherearehundredsofearthquakesindifferentpartsoftheworld.”可知A项正确。
18.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthattsunamis .
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 版高中英语必修第一册同步强化训练 Unit Three Discovering Useful Structures 高中英语 必修 一册 同步 强化 训练
链接地址:https://www.bdocx.com/doc/25480547.html