名词变复数不规则变化规律讲义.docx

名词变复数不规则变化规律讲义.docx

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名词变复数不规则变化规律讲义

名次变复数----规则规则与不规则名词的变化

一、

以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es:

glasses,boxes,brushes,matches.

以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es:

cities,babies,enemies.4）以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es:

wives,knives.但有些词只加s:

roofs,proofs,chiefs.

以o结尾的名词，有些加es:

Negroes,heroes,tomatoes,potatoes.其它加s:

radios,zoos,pianos,photos.

不规则名词：

foot→feet,goose→geese,tooth→teeth,child→children,man→men,woman→women,sheep→sheep,deer→deer,mouse→mice.

某些外来词变复数：

datum→data,medium→media,bacterium→bacteria,curriculum→curricula,criterion→criteria,phenomenon→phenomena.（um/on→a）analysis→analyses,basis→bases,crisis→crises,diagnosis→diagnoses.（is→es）

复合名词变复数：

以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式，如：

homework.

以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数，前后两个名词都变复数，如：

manservant→menservants,womanstudentwomenstudents.

其它复合名词变复数：

grownup→grownups,brotherinlaw→brothersinlaw,standby→standsby.

二、不规则变化几乎所有单词

arise出现arosearisen

awake醒来awokeawaked/awoken

baby-sit临时照顾baby-satbaby-sat

be（am/is/are）是was/werebeen

beat击打beatbeaten

become变成becamebecome

begin开始beganbegun

bend使弯曲bentbent

bet赌betbet

bite咬bitbitten/bit

blow吹blewblown

break打破brokebroken

bring拿来broughtbrought

build建造builtbuilt

burn燃烧burnt/burnedburnt/burned

buy买boughtbought

can能could×

cast抛castcast

catch捕捉caughtcaught

choose选择chosechosen

come来camecome

cost花费costcost

cut割cutcut

deal分配dealtdealt

dig挖dugdug

do/does做diddone

draw画，拉，拖drewdrawn

dream做梦dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt

drink喝drankdrunk

drive驾驶drovedriven

eat吃ateeaten

fall掉落fellfallen

feed喂fedfed

feel触摸feltfelt

fight作战foughtfought

find找出foundfound

fly飞flewflown

forbid禁止forbade/forbadforbidden

forget忘记forgotforgot/forgotten

forgive原谅forgaveforgiven

freeze结冰frozefrozen

get得到gotgot

give给gavegiven

go去wentgone

grow成长grewgrown

hang挂/绞死hung/hangedhung/hanged

have/has有hadhadbewas/werebeen（be动词）

dodiddone（助动词）

speakspokespoken（讲话）

readreadread（阅读）

cutcutcut（切）

costcostcost（花费）

gowentgone（去,走）

feelfeltfelt（感觉）

digdugdug（挖）

overcomeovercameovercome（克服）

comecamecome（来）

writewrotewritten（写）

getgotgotten（自己查一下,这个词要看用在那里了）

seesawseen（看）

spendspentspent（花费）

putputput（放下）

findfoughtfought（找，查明）

dealdealtdealt（分配）

bendbentbent（使…变曲）

fightfoughtfought（搏斗，奋斗）

keepkeptkept（留下，保留，继续）

laylaidlain（放置，躺下，保留）

lendlentlent（借出，借给）

loselostlost（失去，丧失）

sitsatsat（坐，就坐）

sleepsleptslept（睡觉，睡着）

英语不规则动词表

InfinitivePastTensePastParticiple

不定式过去式过去分词

abideabode,abidedabode,abided

arisearosearisen

awakeawoke,awakedawoken,awaked

be（am,is,are）was;werebeen

bearboreborne,born

beatbeatbeaten

becomebecamebecome

befallbefellbefallen

begetbegotbegotten,begot

beginbeganbegun

beholdbeheldbeheld

bendbentbent

bereavebereaved,bereftbereaved,bereft

beseechbesought,beseechedbesought,beseeched

besetbesetbeset

bespeakbespokebespoken,bespoke

bespreadbespreadbespread

bestrewbestrewedbestrewn,bestrewed

bestridebestrode,bestridbestridden,bestrid

betbet,bettedbet,betted

betakebetookbetaken

bethinkbethoughtbethought

bidbade,bidbidden,bid

bidebode,bidedbided

bindboundbound

bitebitbitten,bit

bleedbledbled

blendblended,blentblended,blent

blessblessed,blestblessed,blest

blowblewblown

breakbrokebroken

breedbredbred

bringbroughtbrought

broadcastbroadcast,broadcastedbroadcast,broadcasted

browbeatbrowbeatbrowbeaten

buildbuiltbuilt

burnburnt,burnedburnt,burned

burstburstburst

buyboughtbought

castcastcast

catchcaughtcaught

chidechid,chidedchid,chidden,chided

choosechosechosen

cleavecleaved,cleft,clovecleaved,cleft,cloven

cleavecleaved,clavecleaved

clingclungclung

clotheclothed,cladclothed,clad

comecamecome

costcostcost

creepcreptcrept

crowcrowed,crewcrowed

cutcutcut

dealdealtdealt

digdugdug

dispreaddispreaddispread

dodiddone

drawdrewdrawn

dreamdreamed,dreamtdreamed,dreamt

drinkdrankdrunk

drivedrovedriven

dwelldwelt,dwelleddwelt,dwelled

eatateeaten

fallfellfallen

feedfedfed

feelfeltfelt

fightfoughtfought

findfoundfound

fleefledfled

flingflungflung

flyflewflown

forbearforboreforborne

forbidforbade,forbadforbidden,forbid

fordofordidfordone

forecastforecast,forecastedforecast,forecasted

foregoforewentforegone

foreknowforeknewforeknown

forerunforeranforerun

foreseeforesawforeseen

foreshowforeshowedforeshown

foretellforetoldforetold

forgetforgotforgotten,forgot

forgiveforgaveforgiven

forsakeforsookforsaken

forswearforsworeforsworn

freezefrozefrozen

gainsaygainsaidgainsaid

getgotgot,gotten

gildgilded,giltgilded,gilt

girdgirded,girtgirded,girt

givegavegiven

gowentgone

gravegravedgraven,graved

grindgroundground

growgrewgrown

hamstringhamstrung,hamstringedhamstrung,hamstringed

hanghung,hangedhung,hanged

have（has）hadhad

hearheardheard

heaveheaved,hoveheaved,hove

hewhewedhewn,hewed

hidehidhidden,hid

hithithit

holdheldheld

hurthurthurt

inlayinlaidinlaid

keepkeptkept

kneelknelt,kneeledknelt,kneeled

knitknitted,knitknitted,knit

knowknewknown

ladeladedladed,laden

laylaidlaid

leadledled

leanleaned,leantleaned,leant

leapleapt,leapedleapt,leaped

learnlearned,learntlearned,learnt

leaveleftleft

lendlentlent

letletlet

lielaylain

lightlit,lightedlit,lighted

loselostlost

makemademade

meanmeantmeant

meetmetmet

meltmeltedmelted,molten

misdealmisdealtmisdealt

misgivemisgavemisgiven

mislaymislaidmislaid

misleadmisledmisled

mistakemistookmistaken

misunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstood

mowmowedmowed,mown

outbidoutbidoutbid,outbidden

outbreedoutbredoutbred

outdooutdidoutdone

outdrawoutdrewoutdrawn

outgooutwentoutgone

outgrowoutgrewoutgrown

outlayoutlaidoutlaid

outrideoutrodeoutridden

outrunoutranoutrun

outselloutsoldoutsold

outshineoutshoneoutshone

outshootoutshotoutshot

outsitoutsatoutsat

outspendoutspentoutspent

outspreadoutspreadoutspread

outwearoutworeoutworn

overbearoverboreoverborne

overbidoverbidoverbidden,overbid

overblowoverblewoverblown

overbuildoverbuiltoverbuilt

overbuyoverboughtoverbought

overcastovercastovercast

overcomeovercameovercome

overdooverdidoverdone

overdrawoverdrewoverdrawn

overdriveoverdroveoverdriven

overeatoverateovereaten

overfeedoverfedoverfed

overflyoverflewoverflown

overgrowovergrewovergrown

overhangoverhungoverhung

overhearoverheardoverheard

overlayoverlaidoverlaid

overleapoverleapt,overleapedoverleapt,overleaped

overlieoverlayoverlain

overpayoverpaidoverpaid

overrideoverrodeoverridden

overrunoverranoverrun

overseeoversawoverseen

overselloversoldoversold

oversetoversetoverset

oversewoversewedoversewed,oversewn

overshootovershotovershot

oversleepoversleptoverslept

overspendoverspentoverspent

overspreadoverspreadoverspread

overtakeovertookovertaken

overthrowoverthrewoverthrown

overwindoverwoundoverwound

overwriteoverwroteoverwritten

partakepartookpartaken

paypaidpaid

precastprecastprecast

proveprovedproved,proven

putputput

quitquitted,quitquitted,quit

readread[red]read[red]

reavereaved,reftreaved,reft

rebuildrebuiltrebuilt

recastrecastrecast

reeverove,reevedrove,reeved

relayrelaidrelaid

rendrentrent

repayrepaidrepaid

resetresetreset

retellretoldretold

ridrid,riddedrid,ridded

rideroderidden

ringrangrung

riseroserisen

riverivedriven,rived

runranrun

sawsawedsawn,sawed

saysaidsaid

seesawseen

seeksoughtsought

sellsoldsold

sendsentsent

setsetset

sewsewedsewn,sewed

shakeshookshaken

shaveshavedshaved,shaven

shearshearedshorn,sheared

shedshedshed

shineshoneshone

shoeshod,shoedshod,shoed,shodden

shootshotshot

showshowedshown,showed

shredshredded,shredshredded,shred

shrinkshrank,shrunkshrunk,shrunken

shriveshrove,shrivedshriven,shrived

shutshutshut

singsang,sungsung

sinksank,sunksunk,sunken

sitsatsat

slayslewslain

sleepsleptslept

slideslidslid,slidden

slingslungslung

slinkslunkslunk

slitslitslit

smellsmelt,smelledsmelt,smelled

smitesmotesmitten,smote

sowsowedsown,sowed

speakspokespoken

speedsped,speededsped,speeded

spellspelt,spelledspelt,spelled

spendspentspent

spillspilt,spilledspilt,spilled

spinspunspun

spitspat,spitspat,spit

splitsplitsplit

spoilspoilt,spoiledspoilt,spoiled

spreadspreadspread

springsprang,sprungsprung

standstoodstood

stavestaved,stovestaved,stove

stealstolestolen

stickstuckstuck

stingstungstung

stinkstank,stunkstunk

strewstrewedstrewn,strewed

stridestrodestridden,strid

strikestruckstruck,stricken

stringstrungstrung

strivestrove,strivedstriven,strived

swearsworesworn

sweatsweat,sweatedsweat,sweated

sweepsweptswept

swellswelledswollen,swelled

swimswamswum

swingswungswung

taketooktaken

teachtaughttaught

teartoretorn

telltoldtold

thinkthoughtthought

thrivethrove,thrivedthriven,thrived

throwthrewthrown

thrustthrustthrust

treadtrodtrodden,trod

unbendunbentunbent

unbindunboundunbound

unbuildunbuiltunbuilt

underbidunderbidunder