A Brief Analysis of the Protagonists Great Expectations in Great Expectations.docx
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A Brief Analysis of the Protagonists Great Expectations in Great Expectations.docx
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ABriefAnalysisoftheProtagonistsGreatExpectationsinGreatExpectations
ABriefAnalysisoftheProtagonist’sGreatExpectationsinGreatExpectations
Contents
Abstract………….…………………………………………………………..1
Keywords……………………………………………………………………1
I.Introduction……………………………………………………………….1
1.1Generalintroductiontotheauthor…………………...……………………......1
1.2Generalintroductiontothestory..…………………………...….……………2
1.3IntroductiontothebackgroundoftheEnglishsocietyandthedevelopmentofgentleman……………………..…...…….………………………………….3
II.Analysisofthedevelopmentoftheprotagonist’sinnerworld…..……4
2.1Socialatmosphereinthe19thcentury…………………………………………4
2.2Threephases’differentdevelopmentoftheprotagonist—Pip’s“greatexpectations”…………………………………………………………………..4
2.2.1Thefirstphase'sdevelopmentofPip's"greatexpectations"…………..5
2.2.2Thesecondphase’sdevelopmentofPip’s“greatexpectations”………..7
2.2.3Thethirdphase’sdevelopmentofPip’s“greatexpectations”……….…9
III.Conclusion……………………………………………………………..13
References………………………………………………………………….14
摘 要:
查尔斯﹒狄更斯是英国19世纪批判现实主义小说的代表作家之一。
作为他的后期主要作品之一,《远大前程》是一部教育小说,是描写个人成长和发展的小说。
本文主要分析《远大前程》中主人公—皮普的痛苦心理旅程。
狄更斯将皮普的“远大前程”分为三个阶段,本文也从三个阶段对皮普的“远大前程”进行简单的分析,揭示英国腐败的资本主义社会和当时的等级制度对一个人的成长和发展的影响,同时评价狄更斯幽默、讽刺的写作风格。
关键词:
远大前程;等级制度;良知;真爱;忠诚
Abstract:
CharlesDickensisoneofEnglishrealisticcriticsinthe19thcentury.Asoneofhislateworks,GreatExpectationsisabildungsromannoveldepicting growthandpersonaldevelopment.ThispapermainlyanalyzestheprotagonistofGreatExpectations,Pip’sbittermentaljourney.DickensdividesPip’s“greatexpectations”intothreephases,sothispaperalsobrieflyanalyzesPip’sthreephases’different“greatexpectations”,andthendisplayshowEnglishcorruptcapitalismandtheclasssystematthattimeinfluencedonone’sgrowthanddevelopment,furthermorediscussesthewritingstylesofDickens:
humorousandsatiric.
Keywords:
GreatExpectations;classsystem;conscience;affection;loyalty
I.Introduction
1.1GeneralIntroductiontotheAuthor
CharlesDickensisEnglishnovelistandoneofthemostpopularwritersinthehistoryofliterature.Inhisenormousbodyofworks,Dickenscombinedmasterlystorytelling,humor,pathos,andironywithsharpsocialcriticismandacuteobservationofpeopleandplaces,bothrealandimagined(ZhangBoxiang2005,3).CharlesDickensisconsideredtobeoneofEngland’smostpopularwritersworldwide.
CharlesDickenswasborninPortsmouthin1812.Hediedon9June1870,andhewasburiedinthePoet’sCornerofWestminsterAbbey.HisfatherplayedanimportantroleinCharlesDickens’syouthsincehewasimprisonedforthreemonthsfordebtwhenyoungCharleswasonly12.Thechildwasbrieflyemployedtheninablackingwarehouse.Dickenswassotraumatizedbyallhisearlyhumiliationsthathedidnotgivehisautobiographytopublish.Thankstoaninheritancehecouldstudyshorthandandentersasolicitor’sofficeasclerk.LaterhebecomesanewsreporteronMorningHerald,wherehepublishesSketchesbyBoz,itssuccessmakinghimwritetheposthumousPapersofthePickwickClub(1836-1837).Drivenbypublicationinmonthlyserialization,Dickenshasaverycreativeperiodandinhisnovelshedenounceshisabusingtimes.In1837hepublishesOliverTwist.DisappointedbyaslavingAmerica,hepublishesinvolumeformAmericanNotes(1842).CarlyleinfluencedhishistoricnovelBarnabyRudge(1841),andDickensadmireshimstrongly.From1843to1845AChristmasCarol,TheChimesandTheCricketoftheHeardappear,leavingamarkontheAnglo-Saxonsensitivity.Whentheeventsin1848tookplace,DickenswasinEurope,wherehepublishesDombeyandSon,bringingupthepunishmentofpride.ThethemesofchildrenappearagaininDavidCopperfield(1849-1850)andthatoffalsehoodinBleakHouse(1852-1853).ExploitingcapitalismisdenouncedinHardTimes(1854).Aftersplittingupwithhiswife,hewritesGreatExpectations(1861)andOurMutualFriend(1864-1865),hislastcompletedworkwhere,likeinLittleDorrit(1857),Dickens’ssocialcriticismbecomesmoreradicalandhiscomedymoresavage(http:
//www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/2006,3,8).
1.2GeneralIntroductiontotheStory
ThenovelGreatExpectationswrittenbyCharlesDickenswaspublishedasaweeklyseriesin1860andinbookformin1861.ManyoftheeventsfromDickens’earlylifearemirroredinGreatExpectations,which,apartfromDavidCopperfield,ishismostautobiographicalnovel.Itisabildungsromannoveldepictinggrowthandpersonaldevelopment(BrianPhillips,WendyCheng2003,9p.13).
GreatExpectationsisconsideredashismostautobiographicalnovel,abildungsromannoveldepictinggrowthandpersonaldevelopment.ThisstorytosomedegreeisthereflectionoftheEnglishsocietyinthe19thcentury.Atthesametime,wecanknowtheuniversalthoughtsandthefeelingsofthepeopleatthattime.GreatExpectationsisoneofthefinest“psychologicalgothic”andabildungsromannovel.GreatExpectationsisthestoryofPip,anorphanboyadoptedbyablacksmith'sfamily,whohasgoodluckandgreatexpectations,andthenlosesbothhisluckandhisexpectations.Throughthisriseandfall,however,Piplearnshowtofindhappiness.Helearnsthemeaningoffriendshipandthemeaningofloveand,ofcourse,becomesabetterpersonforit.ThemaincharacterisPipwhostrivesforhisgreatexpectationsandchangedfromanon-selfishcountryboytoasnobbishyoungster,andrealizedhismistakesintheend.
Dickens’sGreatExpectationsis“dark”withasenseofsocialestrangement.ItskeynoteistheorphanPip’sintuitionoflifeasa“universalstruggle”,itsarenaincreasinglyLondon,thesiteofthemodernity(JohnOJordan2003p78).
Itiswritteninoldstylelanguagesothismakesitquitehardtounderstand—somewordsdon’tseemtomakesense.Alsohechangesthespellingofawordwhenit’ssaidinadifferentaccent,whichisreallyconfusing(Ahlers,Emily2006,3,8).
Thoughadarknovel,GreatExpectationswasdeliberatelymorehumorousthanitspredecessorATaleofTwoCities,andevenwhileitpresentedDickens’severpresentsocialcritique,itdidsoinawaythatmadepeoplelaugh(classicnotes/titles/greatexpectations/about.html2006,3).
Tome,thisisatruelovestory.Thefundamentallessonofthestoryisthatloveispain,aphilosophyIpersonallysubscribeto.Estella,aweapondesignedbyaheartbrokenoldwomantodestroythelivesofmen.Shewillturnontheheatjusttothepointwheremenwillkillforherandthenwalkaway.ThestoryfollowsthelifeofPip,aboywhowelaterfindoutisthetrainingpartnertothedeadlyEstella.Heisthemousethattheboasharpensitsteethon.Hespendshiswholelifetryingtogether,onlytoloseherjustwhenhethinkshehassucceeded.Tome,thestoryisperfectwithonlysomeslightlyuncomfortablescenessurroundingaparticularsubplotwithPipandhissecretbenefactor.Theemotionisfastpacedandveryintense.Inaword,anexcellentviewoflovethroughdifferentsceneryisnottoobadaremarkoftheDickensclassic.
1.3IntroductiontotheBackgroundoftheEnglishSocietyandtheDevelopmentofGentleman
NomatterinwhatageorcountryDickens’scharactersexist:
theyarepure,refinedandgentle-hearted.SomeoftheunforgettablecharacterslikeOliverTwist(OliverTwist),LittleNell(TheOldCuriosityShop),PaulDombey(DombeyandSon),DavidCopperfield(DavidCopperfield),LittleDorrit(LittleDorrit),andlittlePip(GreatExpectations),havebecomewell-knownfiguresthroughouttheworld,andeveryonewantstobeagentlemanorvirtuousyoungwomanatthattime,whichwereinfluencedbyindustrialrevolution.ThistimeperiodwasoneofincrediblechangeinGreatBritainandtheUnitedStates.Vastcultural,social,andtechnologicalchangesoccurred.Ingeneral,theIndustrialRevolutionbroughtprosperityandurbanizationtotheUnitedStates.
II.AnalysisoftheDevelopmentoftheProtagonist’sInnerWorld
Thisnoveldepictsaprocessofmaturationandself-discoverythroughPip’sexperienceasaprotagonistmovesfromchildhoodtoadulthood.
Iwillanalyzethedevelopmentoftheprotagonist’sinnerworldfromthreeaspectsasfollows:
socialatmosphereinthe19thcentury,threephases’differentdevelopmentofPip’s“GreatExpectations.”
2.1SocialAtmosphereinthe19thCentury
Peopleatthattimewereinfluencedbytheindustrialrevolution.ThroughoutGreatExpectations,DickensexplorestheclasssystemofVictorianEngland,rangingfromthemostwretchedcriminal(Magwitch)tothepoorpeasantsofthemarshcountry(JoeandBiddy)tothemiddleclass(Pumblechook)totheveryrich(MissHavisham).Theclasssystemdeeplyimpactedthem,whichisbasedonthepost-IndustrialRevolutionmodelofVictorianEngland.
2.2ThreePhases’DifferentDevelopmentoftheProtagonist—Pip’s“greatexpectations”
ThenovelGreatExpectationsmainlydescribesthreephases’differentdevelopmentoftheprotagonist’s“GreatExpectations”.HereIwillindividuallyanalyzeeveryphase’sdevelopmentofPip’s“GreatExpectations.”
Inmyview,Pipisanidealistatheart.Healwayslongstogetsomethingthatisbetterthanwhathehashad,whichwecanseefromthenovelobviously.WhenhevisitstoMissHavishamandseeSatisHouseandEstella,helongstobeawealthygentlemanandcanmarryEstella;whenheisawareofhismoralshortcomings,helongstobegood;whenheisconsciousthathecan’tread,helongstolearn,whichfullyembodythemesofthisnovel:
ambitionandself-improvement,alsocompletelyreflectambitionandself-improvementofPip.Pipthinksthatlifecanbeadvancedandhehas“grea
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