高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 46.docx
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高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 46.docx
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高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day46
高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day46
Passage1
Anichthyologistisascientistwhostudiesfish.Mostpeoplewhodothisjobsaytheylovetheirworkbecauseitisveryrewardingandvaried.Theyworknotonlyinsidealaboratory,butalsooutinthefield.Fieldworkincludestravelingtoriver,oceansandlakesinordertocollectinformationandspecimens(样本).Reading,writingandspeakingarealsoveryimportanttothejob.Fishscientistsneedtoreadtheresearchofotherscientists.Theymustbeabletowriteuptheirownresearchclearlysothatotherscanfollowit.Theyalsoneedtobeabletogivelecturesabouttheirfindings,sothattheycanspreadknowledge.
Ichthyologistswhowishtospecializecanchooseanyoneofthreeareasofstudy.Thefirstareaisaquaculture(水产养殖).Thisinvolvesthestudyandpracticeoffishfarmingandmanagement.Becauseitisarathernewstudy,thereareveryfewjobopportunitiesavailable.However,asthereissomuchtodiscover,manyseeitasanexcitingareaforanewichthyologisttoenter.Thesecondareaisfisheriesscience,whichmeansworkingwithateamofscientiststofindoutmoreaboutdifferentfishspecies.Thethirdareaisabouttheprotectionofnaturalfishpopulations.Thisisveryimportanttoday,giventhatmanyfishspeciesareindangerofdyingoutbecauseoftheactionsofhumans.
Tobecomeasuccessfulfishscientist,youneedtohaveacuriousmindandbeabletoworkonyourown.Youalsoneedtobeabletohandleequipmentandperformexperiments;butmostimportantly,youmustlovefish.Tobecomeanichthyologist,youwillneedtotrainatauniversitytopassaBachelorofSciencedegree.Forthis,youwillneedtobegoodatmathematics,physicalscienceandbiology.Then,youwillneedtostudyforanotheryeartocompleteanhonorsdegreeinichthyology.Thishonorsdegreecontainscourseworkaboutallaspectsoffish.Youalsoneedtocompletearesearchpaper.
1.Whatmakesthejobsofichthyologistssovaried?
A.Theystudyfishhabitsandcollectinformation.
B.Theyhavetostudyscienceandmathematics.
C.Theyworkinfieldsaswellasinlaboratories.
D.Theyreadresearchpaperswrittenbyothers.
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Anichthyologisthasaninterestingandvariedprofession.
B.Aquacultureisthestudyoffishprotection.
C.Thelifeofanichthyologistcaninvolvelotsoftravel.
D.Afishscientistneedstobeindependentandcuriousaboutthings.
3.Whoismostlikelytobecomeanichthyologist?
A.Tom,becausehelikesfishingandoutdoorsports.
B.Jack,becausehelikestotravelandreadadventurebooks.
C.Jenny,becauseshelikesscience,mathematicsandreadingaboutdinosaurs.
D.Jane,becauseshelikesmathematics,science,biologyandsearchingrock-pools.
4.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor______.
A.universitystudentsB.scienceresearchers
C.fisheriesexpertsD.fishfarmers
Passage2
Decision-makingunderStress
Anewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantages,causingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative(负面的)consequencesofadecision.
Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways.
“Stressaffectshowpeoplelearn,”saysProfessorMaraMather.“Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.”
Forexample,tworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages(影像)witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperiment,someoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience;intheother,somewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcases,thestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn'tgonethroughthestress.
Thisphenomenonislikelynotsurprisingtoanyonewhohastriedtoresisteatingcookiesorsmokingacigarettewhileunderstress—atthosemoments,onlythepleasureassociatedwithsuchactivitiescomestomind.Butthefindingsfurthersuggestthatstressmaybringaboutadoubleeffect.Notonlyarerewardingexperiencesrememberedbetter,butnegativeconsequencesarealsoeasilyrecalled.
Theresearchalsofoundthatstressappearstoaffectdecision-makingdifferentlyinmenandwomen.Whilebothmenandwomentendtofocusonrewardsandlessonconsequencesunderstress,theirresponsestoriskturnouttobedifferent.
Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecold-watertasktendedtotakemorerisksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisk-takingcanpayoffbig,menmaytendtodobetter,whencautionweighsmore,however,womenwillwin.
Thistendencytoslowdownandbecomemorecautiouswhendecisionsareriskymightalsohelpexplainwhywomenarelesslikelytobecomeaddictedthanmen:
theymaymoreoftenavoidmakingtheriskychoicesthateventuallyhardenintoaddiction.
1.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto______.
A.keeprewardsbetterintheirmemory
B.recallconsequencesmoreeffortlessly
C.makeriskydecisionsmorefrequently
D.learnasubjectmoreeffectively
2.Accordingtotheresearch,stressaffectspeoplemostprobablyintheir______.
A.waysofmakingchoicesB.preferenceforpleasure
C.toleranceofpunishmentsD.responsestosuggestions
3.Theresearchhasprovedthatinastressfulsituation,______.
A.womenfinditeasiertofallintocertainhabits
B.menhaveagreatertendencytoslowdown
C.womenfocusmoreonoutcomes
D.menaremorelikelytotakerisks
Passage3
Atfirst,MichaelSurrelldidn’tseetheblacksmokeorflamesshootingfromthewindowsofhisneighbors’home.Heandhiswifehadjustparkedaroundthecornerfromtheirownhouse,whentheygotacallfromoneofhisdaughters:
“Thehousenextdoorisonfire!
”Hewenttoinvestigate.That’swhenhesawtwowomenandagirlpanic-strickenontheirdoorway.
“Thebaby’sinthere!
”oneofthewomencried.Thoughthefiredepartmenthadbeencalled,Surrell,then64,instinctivelyraninside.“Thebaby”was8-year-oldTiara,thewoman’sgranddaughter.
Enteringtheburninghousewaslike“runningintoabucketofblackpaint,”Surrellsays.Thethicksmokecausedhimtostruggleblindlyaround,burnedhiseyes,andmadeitimpossibletobreathe.Theconditionswouldhavebeenriskyforanyone,butforSurrell,whohaslungdisease,theywerelife-threatening.Afterafewminutesinthesmoke-filledhouse,hewithdrewoutsidetocatchhisbreath.
“WhereisTiara?
”heaskeddesperately.“Thesecondfloor,”Thewomanshoutedback.Takingadeepbreath,hewentinasecondtime.Thedarknesswasoverwhelming.Yetbecausethehousehadasimilardesigntohis,Surrellfoundthestairsandmadeittothesecondfloor.Hewasalreadyoutofbreath.Thenasoftbutdistinctmoanappeared.Hecrawledtowardthesound,feelingaroundforanysignofthegirl.Finally,hetouchedsomething.Ashoe,thenanankle.HepulledTiaraintohisarms.Turning,hefoughtthroughthesmokeandranblindlyintotheblackness.Thenextthingheknew,hewasatthefrontdoor,thenoutside.
Surrellwokeupinthehospitalacoupleofdayslater,havingsufferedsevereburns.Tiarawasreleasedfromthehospitalafterafewdays.“It’sasmallpricetopay,”Surrellsays.“I’ddoitagaininaheartbeat.Wouldn’tgiveitasecondthought.”
1.WhatdidSurrelldoatthesceneofthefire?
A.Calledhisdaughter.B.Parkedhiscartosafety.
C.Rangthefiredepartment.D.Rushedintotheburninghouse.
2.WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph3?
A.Howspecialthehousewas.
B.Howdangerousthesituationwas.
C.HowSurrellsufferedlungdisease.
D.HowSurrellranbackoutside.
3.HowdidSurrellmanagetofindTiaraeventually?
A.Byfeelingwiththeaidofhersound.
B.ByansweringtoTiara’sloudcrying.
C.Byshoutinghernamedesperately.
D.Bycatchingsightofhershoes.
4.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSurrellfromthetext?
A.Heisunwillingtotalkabouttherescueagain.
B.Heisdisappointedtosufferseveralburns.
C.Hewilldothesamewithouthesitation.
D.Hewillthinktwicebeforeacting.
Passage4
IdecidedtoskitotheNorthPole.ItwasafterIsawanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforpeopletojoinateamtoski350milestotheNorthPole.Backin1996,therehadneverbeenawomanfromtheU.K.whohadaccomplishedthischallenge.Iwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketosurviveintemperaturescoldenoughtofreezeyourfleshinseconds,soIsentofffortheapplicationform.
Theapplicationformfullofpicturesofmaleexplorersarrived.Thewords“Areyoumanenoughfortheultimate(极端的)challenge?
”mademeangryandevenmoredeterminedtogetontheteam.
Over500individualsappliedforaplaceintheteam,andtheselectionprocessincludedphysicalandpsychologicaltestsdesignedtopickthebestgroup.Inonetest,therewasahugeropeladderwehadtoclimb,andIfrozeatthetopbecauseIhaveafearofheights.Ithoughtmyhopeswerefadingasmostotherapplicantssailedpast,leavingmebehind.Buttwoothershelpedmeover,andlaterIfoundoutthattheorganizerswerenotlookingforamazingindividuals,butgreatteamplayers,andthismomenthadshownthemwhowouldtakecareofothersintheteam.
Ihadrevealed(展示)myweakness,andinaplaceliketheArctic,youhavetobeyourself,asthereisnowheretohide.Thesepersonalitiesofaskingforhelpandshowingweaknessarenecessaryforwomen
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