宾语从句和间接语态习题1.docx

宾语从句和间接语态习题1.docx

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宾语从句和间接语态习题1

一、宾语的概念：

宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。

Imissyou.Ibelieveyou.

主语谓语宾语主语谓语宾语

★什么叫宾语从句？

——顾名思义，能够充当宾语的句子即宾语从句。

找出下列句子的动词和宾语从句：

1.Ibelievethatyouareright.

2.Doyouknowwherewecanstayontheisland？

3.IwonderifIcanuseyourcomputer.

4.Theboydidn’tknowwhenhecouldleave.

5.ThereportsaidthatthenumberofthepeopleinfectedbyH1N1wasincreasing.

二、宾语从句的三大类：

1.宾语从句是陈述句时——that

Marysaid:

‘I’mgettingfat.’——Marysaidthatshewasgettingfat.

直接引语间接引语（宾语从句）

小结：

直接引语变成间接引语时，_______________和_______________要做适当的改变。

Exercise:

把下列句子变成宾语从句：

1.Judysaid,‘Myparentsareverywell.’

_____________________________________________________________________

2.‘Tomisnotatschool,’hetoldtheteacher.

_____________________________________________________________________

3.Shesaid,‘I’mlearningtodrive.’

_____________________________________________________________________

4.Hesaid:

‘Ilikeyou.’

_____________________________________________________________________

5.‘MybrotherwillstayinBeijingfor10days,’thegirlsaid.

_____________________________________________________________________

6.Joycesaid:

‘IhavebeentoEgypt.’

_____________________________________________________________________

2.宾语从句是一般疑问句时——if/whether是否

Maryasked:

‘AmIgettingfat?

’——Maryaskedif/whethershewasgettingfat.

if和whether的区别：

一般情况下，两者可以互换，但是如果句子出现选择性的词语如or或者ornot时只能用whether如：

Maryaskedwhethershewasgettingfatornot.

Exercise:

把下列句子变成宾语从句,注意陈述句语序：

1.“Isyourmotheradriver?

”sheaskedLily.

________________________________________________________________

2.Sheaskedtheboy,“Isitraining?

”

3.“Doyouneedanyhelp?

”Bobaskedme.

________________________________________________________________

4.“CanIeatalittlemore?

”sheasked.

________________________________________________________________

5.Petersaidtome,“Willyougowithme?

”

________________________________________________________________

6.LindaaskedMary:

‘Haveyouseenaghostbefore?

’

_________________________________________________________________

3.宾语从句是特殊疑问句时——7w+1h（what,who,when,where,which,why,whose,how）

Maryasked:

‘WhyamIgettingfat?

’——Maryaskedwhyshewasgettingfat.

Exercise:

把下列句子变成宾语从句，

1.Mr.Blackaskedthewoman:

‘Whenwillthetrainleave?

’

________________________________________________________________

2.TheteacheraskedTom:

‘Howcanyouworkouttheproblemwithoutanyhelp?

’

________________________________________________________________

3.Thepolicemanasked:

‘Whosebagisit?

’

________________________________________________________________

4.Mrs.Whiteaskedherdaughter:

‘Wherehaveyoubeen?

’

________________________________________________________________

5.Lindacameandaskedme:

‘Whatareyoudoing?

________________________________________________________________

三、时态变化原则：

A．宾语从句中如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

Iknow（that）heliveshereallthetime.

Iknow（that）helivedheretenyearsago.

Ihaveheard（that）hewillcomenextweek.

B.宾语从句中如果主句时过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。

Iknew（that）helivedhere.

Heaskedusifeverybodywashere.

Hesaidthathehadseenit.

Heknew（that）heshouldstudyhard.

Exercise用动词的正确时态填空，注意宾语从句和主句的时态：

1.Couldyouletmeknowhowsoonhe_______________（be）back?

2.Ihearthathe_________________（go）toHongKongthedaybeforeyesterday.

3.Ourgeographyteachertoldustheearth________________（move）aroundthesun.

4.Shesaidshe_________________（like）readingverymuch.

5.Hisfathersaidthathe__________________（buy）anewcomputerforthem.

6.WeknowMr.Black_________________（visit）ourschooltomorrow.

7.Mr.Wangtoldusthathe_________________（be）toEnglandtwice.

8.Areyousurethatyou_________________（be）herebefore?

9.Heaskedifit__________________（be）cold.

10.Idon’tknowiftheman__________________（be）ateacher.

四、小结：

宾语从句要注意

1是引导词；-----------that；whether/if;7w;1h

2是语序；-------------陈述句语序；

3是时态；------------2大变化原则；

4是人称；------------根据前后文改变；

5是标点；------------根据主句改变。

--------直接引语变间接引语

一、如何变人称

Shesaid."Mybrotherwantstogowithme."→Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.

Exercise：

1.HesaidtoKate."Howisyoursisternow?

"→HeaskedKatehow_______________wasthen.

2.MrSmithsaid."Jackisagoodworker."→MrSmithsaid__________wasagoodworker.

二、如何变时态直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整:

往前退一个时态

直接引语

间接引语

一般现在时

一般过去时

一般将来时

过去将来时（woulddo）

一般过去时

过去完成时（haddone）

现在完成时（havedone）

过去完成时（haddone）

现在进行时（am/is/are+doing）

过去进行时（was/were+doing）

1.Shesaid."Wehopeso."→Shesaidthey___________so.

2.Shesaid."Hewillgotoseehisfriend."→Shesaidhe________________toseehisfriend.

3.Shesaid."Ihavelostapen."→Shesaidshe_______________apen

*5种特殊情况：

时态不变

①直接引语是客观真理。

"Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,theteachertoldme.

Theteachertoldmetheearth__________aroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

如：

Jacksaid."John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?

"

JackaskedJohnwherehe______________whenhemethiminthestreet.

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。

如：

XiaoWangsaid."IwasbornonApril2l,1980。

"

XiaoWangsaidhe___________onApril21,1980.

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。

表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

如：

Hesaid,"Igetupatsixeverymorning."Hesaidhe_____________atsixeverymorning.

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：

oughtto，hadbetter,usedto）和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：

could,should,would,might）不再变。

如：

Petersaid,"Youhadbettercomeheretoday."→PetersaidI__________________therethatday.

Petersaid,“Icoulddoitmyself.”→Petersaidhe________________ithimself.

三、如何变状语

在直接引语中

在间接引语中

指示代词

this

that

these

those

表示时间的词

now

then

today

thatday

thisweek（month,etc）

thatweek（month,etc）

yesterday

thedaybefore

lastweek（month,etc）

theweek（month,etc）before

threedays（ayear,etc）ago

threedays（ayear.etc）before

tomorrow

thenext（following）day

nextweek（month,etc）

thenext（following）week（month,etc）

表地点的词

here

there

动词

bring

take

come

go

Exercise:

1.Hesaid,“Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.”Hesaidhewasdoinghishomework______________.

2.Hesaid,“Wecanmeethere.”→Hesaidtheycouldmeet__________________.

3.Hesaid,"Thesebooksaremine."→Hesaid____________bookswerehis.

四、如何变句型

A.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell（ask,order,beg等）sb（not）todosth."句型。

如：

1."Don’tmakeanynoise,"shesaidtothechildren.

→She______________thechildren_____________makeanynoise.

2."Bringmeacupoftea,please,"saidshe.

→She_______________him_______________heracupoftea.

B.直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+doing（或从句）。

”如：

Hesaid,"Let’sgotothefilm."

→He____________________tothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.

Exercise1:

1.Themothersaidtohersons,“Getupquickly.”

________________________________________________________________

2.“Don’tcry,”thepolicemansaidtothelittlegirl.

________________________________________________________________

3.“Pleasedon’teattoofast,”thedoctorsaidtotheoldman.

________________________________________________________________

4.“Useyourhead,myson!

”shoutedthefather.

________________________________________________________________

5.“Becarefulnottomakethesamemistakeagain,”saidtheteachertohisson.

________________________________________________________________

6.“Putupyourhands,everybody,”Isaid.

________________________________________________________________

．单项选择：

（选择正确的引导词）

1.Ididn’tknow________theycouldpasstheexamornot.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

2--Excuseme,________isthewaytothenearestbookshop,please?

--Gostraightandtakethesecondturningontheleft.

A.howB.whatC.whereD.which

3.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.

A.thatB.howC.whatD.if

4.–Doyouknow________MissGaowillleave?

--Tomorrowmorning.

A.whenB.whatC.whoD.where

5.–Couldyoutellme________tohavethemeetingtonight?

--Atthemeetingroomonthethirdfloor.

A.whyB.howC.whenD.where

6.–Doyouknow________heisgoingtostayinLondon?

--No,Idon’t.maybeafewdays.

A.whenB.howlongC.whereD.howfar

7.Isee____________youhavemadesomedrawingsofourdefenseworks.

A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what

8.Couldyoutellus____________itsnowsinwinterinAustralia?

A.whichB.ifC.whereD.what

9.Heaskedhisfather____________hewasnotabletohatchchickenswhilethehenscould.

A.whyB.ifC.thatD.what

10.Hedidn’ttellme____________hewouldcometotheparty.

A.ifB.whereC.whatD.that

11.Myfathertoldme____________hewouldnotcomehometonight.

A.whetherB.whenC.thatD.which

12.I’mglad____________youhavepassedtheexam.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what

13.WeaskedourEnglishteacher_________.

A.howwillwehavearestB.howwewillhavearest

C.whenwouldwehavearestD.whenwewouldhavearest

14.Itseemed____________thebirdsweregoingtowin.

A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where

15.Idon’tknow____________theweatherwillbenice.

A.ifB.howC.thatD.what

16.TheShutesdidn’tknow____________theywouldarriveinHongKong.

A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which

17.Couldyoutellme____________weshallgettothemuseum?

A.howB.whetherC.whereD.what

18.Theteachersays____________shewillleaveamessageonthedesk.

A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whom

19.Heaskedme_______IknewFrench.