最新考研《英语》基础阶段模拟试题及答案详解2.docx
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最新考研《英语》基础阶段模拟试题及答案详解2.docx
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最新考研《英语》基础阶段模拟试题及答案详解2
考研《英语》基础阶段模拟试题及答案详解
(2)
1.本试卷考试时间150分钟,满分100分。
2.试卷后面附有参考答案,供学员测试后核对。
SectionIStructureandVocabulary
Ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Putyourchoiceontheanswersheet.(20points)
1.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide_____opportunitiesforleadership,aswellasforpracticeinsuccessfulgroupdynamics.
[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple
2.Byturningthisknobtotherightyoucan_____thesoundfromthisradio.
[A]amplify[B]enlarge[C]magnify[D]reinforce
3.Underthe_____confrontingthemitwasimpossibletocontinuethestrikeanylonger.
[A]surroundings[B]settings[C]circumstances[D]environments
4.Wehavethesystemofexploitationofmanbyman.
[A]cancelled[B]abolished[C]refused[D]rejected
5.Weshallprobablyneverbeableto_____theexactnatureofthesesub-atomicparticles.
[A]assert[B]impart[C]ascertain[D]notify
6.Thisdiploma_____thatyouhavecompletedhighschool.
[A]proves[B]certifies[C]secures[D]approves
7.Upuntilthattime,hisinteresthadfocusedalmost_____onfullymasteringtheskillsandtechniquesofhiscraft.
[A]restrictively[B]radically[C]inclusively[D]exclusively
8.Thatsounddoesn’t_____inhislanguagesoit’sdifficultforhimtopronounce.
[A]happen[B]takeplace[C]occur[D]run
9.Thesecurityguard_____twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.
[A]expelled[B]propelled[C]repelled[D]dispelled
10.Inmostcasespoliticiansare_____astheyseldomtellthetruth.
[A]credible[B]credulous[C]incredulous[D]incredible
11.Hesoonreceivedpromotion,forhissuperiorsrealizedthathewasamanofconsiderable_____.
[A]future[B]possibility[C]ability[D]opportunity
12.Britainhasthehighest_____ofroadtrafficintheworld—over60carsforeverymileofroad.
[A]density[B]intensity[C]popularity[D]prosperity
13.CCTVprogramsare_____bysatellitetotheremotestareasinthecountry.
[A]transferred[B]transported[C]transformed[D]transmitted
14.Anenergytaxwouldcurbordinaryairpollution,limitoilimportsandcutthebudget_____.
[A]disposition[B]deficit[C]defect[D]discrepancy
15.Thegovernmentwill_____areformintheeducationalsystem.
[A]initiate[B]initial[C]initiative[D]intimate
16.Estimates_____anywherefrom600000to3million.Althoughthefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermater:
thatthenumberofthehomelessisincreasing.Oneofthefederalgovernment’sstudiespredictsthatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.
[A]cover[B]change[C]differ[D]range
17.Astimewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame“personal”too,aswellasinstitutional,withdisplaybecomingsharperandstorage_____increasing.
[A]ability[B]capability[C]capacity[D]faculty
18.Itsoonbecomesclearthattheinteriordesigner’smostimportantbasic_____isthefunctionoftheparticularspace.Forexample,atheaterwithpoorsightlines,poorsound-shapingqualities,andtoofewentriesandexitswillnotworkforitspurpose,nomatterhowbeautifullyitmightbedecorated.
[A]care[B]concern[C]attention[D]intention
19.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmoremysterious.Thenewexperiments,suchasthose_____forthefirsttimeatarecentmeetingorthesocietyforSleepResearchinMinneapolis,suggestfascinatingexplanationsforthepurposeofnon-REMsleep.
[A]maintained[B]described[C]settled[D]afforded
20.Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly_____juvenilecrimerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythatleadtofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemploymentingeneralmakegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.
[A]affect[B]reduce[C]check[D]reflect
SectionIIUseofEnglish
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET.(20points)
Healthimpliesmorethanphysicalfitness.Italsoimpliesmentalandemotionalwell-being.Anangry,frustrated,emotionally21personingoodphysicalconditionisnot22healthy.Mentalhealth,therefore,hasmuchtodo23howapersoncopeswiththeworldass/heexists.Manyofthefactorsthat24physicalhealthalsoaffectmentalandemotionalwell-being.
Havingagoodself-imagemeansthatpeoplehavepositive25picturesandgood,positivefeelingsaboutthemselves,aboutwhattheyarecapable26,andabouttherolestheyplay.Peoplewithgoodself-imageslikethemselves,andtheyare27likeothers.Havingagoodself-imageisbased28arealistic,aswellaspositive,oroptimistic29ofone’sownworthandvalueandcapabilities.
Stressisanunavoidable,necessary,andpotentiallyhealthful30ofoursociety.Peopleofallages31stress.Childrenbeginto32stressduringprenataldevelopmentandduringchildbirth.Examplesofstress-inducing33inthelifeofayoungpersonaredeathofapet,pressureto34academically,thedivorceofparents,orjoininganewyouthgroup.Thedifferentwaysinwhichindividuals35tostressmaybringhealthfulorunhealthyresults.Onepersonexperiencingagreatdealofstressmayfunctionexceptionallywell36anothermaybeunabletofunctionatall.Ifstressfulsituationsarecontinuallyencountered,theindividual’sphysical,social,andmentalhealthareeventuallyaffected.
Satisfyingsocialrelationsarevitalto37mentalandemotionalhealth.Itisbelievedthatinorderto38,develop,andmaintaineffectiveandfulfillingsocialrelationshipspeoplemust39theabilitytoknowandtrusteachother,understandeachother,influence,andhelpeachother.Theymustalsobecapableof40conflictsinaconstructiveway.
21.[A]unstable[B]unsure[C]imprecise[D]impractical
22.[A]normally[B]generally[C]virtually[D]necessarily
23.[A]on[B]at[C]to[D]with
24.[A]signify[B]influence[C]predict[D]mark
25.[A]intellectual[B]sensual[C]spiritual[D]mental
26.[A]tobedoing[B]withdoing[C]todo[D]ofdoing
27.[A]ablebetterto[B]abletobetter[C]bettertoable[D]betterableto
28.[A]on[B]from[C]at[D]about
29.[A]assessment[B]decision[C]determination[D]assistance
30.[A]ideality[B]realization[C]realism[D]reality
31.[A]occur[B]engage[C]confront[D]encounter
32.[A]tolerate[B]sustain[C]experience[D]undertake
33.[A]evidence[B]accidents[C]adventures[D]events
34.[A]acquire[B]achieve[C]obtain[D]fulfill
35.[A]respond[B]return[C]retort[D]reply
36.[A]why[B]when[C]while[D]where
37.[A]sound[B]all-round[C]entire[D]whole
38.[A]illuminate[B]enunciate[C]enumerate[D]initiate
39.[A]access[B]assess[C]process[D]possess
40.[A]resolving[B]saluting[C]dissolving[D]solving
SectionIIIReadingComprehension
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D]MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET(40points)
Text1
Theperiodofadolescence,i.e.,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort,dependingonsocialexpectationsandonsociety’sdefinitionastowhatconstitutesmaturityandadulthood.Inprimitivesocietiesadolescenceisfrequentlyarelativelyshortperiodoftime,whileinindustrialsocietieswithpatternsofprolongededucationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerandmayincludemostoftheseconddecadeofone’slife.Furthermore,thelengthoftheadolescentperiodandthedefinitionofadulthoodstatusmaychangeinagivensocietyassocialandeconomicconditionschange.ExamplesofthistypeofchangearethedisappearanceofthefrontierinthelatterpartofthenineteenthcenturyintheUnitedStates,andmoreuniversally,theindustrializationofanagriculturalsociety.
Inmodernsociety,ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolicsignificanceandtherenolongerisagreementastowhatconstitutesinitiationceremonies.Socialoneshavebeenreplacedbyasequenceofstepsthatleadtoincreasedrecognitionandsocialstatus.Forexample,gradeschoolgraduation,highschoolgraduationandcollegegraduationconstitutesuchasequence,andwhileeachstepimpliescertainbehavioralchangesandsocialrecognition,thesignificanceofeachdependsonthesocio-economicstatusandtheeducationalambitionoftheindividual.Ceremoniesforadolescencehavealsobeenreplacedbylegaldefinitionsofstatusroles,right,privilegesandresponsibilities.Itisduringthenineyearsfromthetwelfthbirthdaytothetwenty-firstthattheprotectiveandrestrictiveaspectsofchildhoodandminorstatusareremovedandadultprivilegesandresponsibilitiesaregranted.Thetwelve-year-oldisnolongerconsideredachildandhastopayfullfarefortrain,airplane,theaterandmovietickets.Basically,theindividualatthisageloseschildhoodprivilegeswithoutgainingsignificantadultrights.Attheageofsixteentheadolescentisgrantedcertainadultrightswhichincreaseshissocialstatusbyprovidinghimwithmorefreedomandchoices.Henowcanobtainadriver’slicense;hecanleavepublicschools;andhecanworkwithouttherestrictionsofchildlaborlaws.Attheageofeighteenthelawprovidesadultresponsibilitiesaswellasrights;theyoungmancannowbeasoldier,buthealsocanmarrywithoutparentalpermission.Attheageoftwenty-onetheindividualobtainshisfulllegalrightsasanadult.Henowcanvote,hecanbuyliquor,hecanenterintofinancialcontrac
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