九 复合句状语从句.docx
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九 复合句状语从句.docx
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九复合句状语从句
1
(九)复合句——状语从句
说明:
所有相关复合句的综合练习将出现在“从句综合练习”章节
考点归纳
1.状语从句的类型:
时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句
2.时间状语从句:
⑴连接词及固定搭配:
when,while,as,since,after,before,until/till,once,eachtime,everytime,anytime,whenever,assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,hardly/scarcely/barely/rarely…when/before,nosooner…than,justas,directly,immediately,instantly,shortlyafter,soonafter,itwon’tbelongbefore,bythetime,it’sthefirsttimethat,it’s…since,thefirsttime,thelasttime
⑵assoonas与hardly…when等结构都能表示“一……就……”,但两者的时态不同;前者一般主从句均为一般时态,表示一般情形遵从主将从现原则;后者一般主句为过去完成时,从句为一般过去时,且在句首引起倒装
⑶特殊地,可用theminute,eachtime,thefirsttime等名词或名词短语充当连接词引导时间状语从句,该类词称为边际从属连词
3.地点状语从句可由where,wherever引导,前者指特定地点,后者为无特定地点
4.原因状语从句:
⑴可由because,since,nowthat,as,inthat引导,注意for,so,with+n.+宾补结构
⑵现代英语中,because与for都可引导原因状语从句,且都能表示“直接理由”与“间接理由”,如Itmustbeverylate,forthestreetsarequitedeserted.(间接理由)
上句中的for实也可替换为because,只是在两者同时存在时,使用for语势较弱,更显出说话人的推断的不确定性,说明说话人的推断略显主观臆断
⑶在表述直接理由时,because,since,as从句位置既可在主句前,也可在句尾;而for则只能位于主句后;此外,because可回答why问句,because前可加入诸如simply的修饰语,because从句也可作为强调句的强调部分,这些场合下because不能替换为for;若because也表述的是间接理由,则其位置只能在主句后
5.条件状语从句的连接词及相关搭配:
if,unless(if…not),onconditionthat,giventhat,as/solongas,supposethat,evenif,eventhough,providedthat,incase,lest,giventhat,consideringthat,since,nowthat等
6.目的状语从句可由that,inorderthat,sothat,forthepurposethat,inthehopethat等作连接词或固定搭配,常与情态动词连用
7.结果状语从句:
⑴连接词及固定搭配:
that,so…that,such…that,sothat等
⑵such修饰名词,so修饰形容词或副词,such/so结构类似于what/how的固定结构;当such修饰可数名词单数时可将其与so结构互换;若such修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时则无法互换
⑶当many,few,little,much表多少修饰名词时只能用so;若little不表多少,且修饰可数名词单数时只能用such
8.让步状语从句:
⑴although,though,as,while,evenif,eventhough,however,whatever,nomatter系列等
⑵though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(也可不倒装),作用相当于as(必须倒装),此时though不能与although替换;though与although都不能与but并存,却能与yet并存;as引导让步状语从句时,倒装形容词、副词及无冠词的名词;只存在eventhough,而无*evenalthough;though也可作连接性状语,而although不可,如Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn’t,though.
⑶-ever系列与nomatter系列的区别(见前)
9.
2
比较状语从句(见第一章,此略)
10.方式状语从句可由as,asif,asthough引导
考前巩固
I.Combinethetwosentencesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.
(A)
if
inorderthat
eventhough
whenever
not…until
1.
Ineedstrengthandwisdom.
Ireadthepoem.
2.
Shewasactingnormal.
Wehadjusthadafight.
3.
Wewillruntheworlddifferently.
Wetrulyrealizethevaluesofmistakes.
4.
Hecouldmeetpeopleofhisage.
Hejoinedthesummercamp.
5.
Hewillstoptheresearchoncancer.
Thereisacure.
(B)
as
if
so…that
while
although
6.Shedecidedtoleaveeducationandbecomeanactress.
Shepassedthecollegeentranceexam.
7.
It’snoteasytotravelwithalargegroup.
Differentpeoplehavedifferentideas.
8.
You’llneedtomakehotelreservationsseveralmonthsinadvance.
YougotoRomeduringpeakseasons.
9.
Thestreetswerefloodedwithwater.
Itrainedhard.
10.
Pink-lovingpeoplewanttofeellovedandprotected.
Thosewhopreferorangeareoftenbraveandfun-loving.
(C)
since
thefirsttime
sothat
once
otherwise
11.
Teenagershit18.
Theybegantoviewthemselvesasadults.
12.
IvisitedtheWestLake.
Iwasfascinatedbyitseleganceandbeauty.
13.
Theearthisround.
Whydowenotfalloff?
14.
Iwillhavetoaskyoutoleave.
Switchoffyourmobilephone.
15.
Itcan’trunaway.
Keepyourdogonaleash.
II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.
1.不亲自参与,你无法知道这种游戏带来的乐趣。
(unless)
2.昨晚残疾人的演出非常成功,让观众们感动得留下了眼泪。
(so…that…)
3.但你难以与父母交流时会感到苦恼吗?
(when)
4.我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论,就尽早让公众知晓。
(once)
5.经历了多次严重自然灾害后,人们才逐渐意识到植树造林的重要性。
(until)
6.不管遇到什么样的困难,我们都不要放弃自己的梦想。
(Whatever)
7.如果你一收到消息就能给我答复的话,我将不胜感激。
(themoment)
8.他们咨询了许多学生,然后才决定用已故总统的名字来命名新建的图书馆。
(before)
9.尽管三令五申,学生依旧在课堂上开着手机,以至连老师也对此熟视无睹。
(inspiteof)
10.第一次尝试你可能不成功,但是记住:
只有通过努力你才能变得擅长某件事情。
(bear)
III.Combinethetwosentences,usingthewordsinbracketsandmakingnecessarychanges.
1.
3
Ifinishedreadingthenewspaper.ThenJohncamehome.(before)
2.Johnwasreading.Harryentered.(when)
3.Igraduatedfromhighschool.Ihavebeenstudyingattheuniversity.(since)
4.Thecriminalfoundashelter.Verysoonhewascaughtbythepolicemen.(Nosooner…than)
5.Wewereeatingdinner.Ourguestsarrived.(while)
IV.Correcterrors,ifany,inthefollowingsentences.
1.ForIhavenevermethim,Ican’ttellyouwhathelookslike.
2.Theteacherisverystrictwithus,simplyforhewantsustomakerapidprogress.
3.Becausealltheshopshaveclosed,itmustbeverylatenow.
4.Iwaswritingaletterwhilethetelephonerang.
5.Justwhenweleftthehouse,itbegantorain.
6.Thereasonfortheboytobehavelikethatisbecausehewasspoiltbyhisparents.
7.Ioftentakeashower,evenalthoughIpreferabath.
8.IwilltellyouthenewsrightaftertheminuteIhearit.
9.Hardalthoughthetaskmightbe,thehostressdidn’tgiveup.
10.Wenowhavesofastwaysoftravellingthattheworldseemstohavegrownsmaller.
11.Hewassohungrythathewouldeatnomatterwhatwasfoundinthecave.
12.Tomisasuchniceguythateveryonewantstohaveadatewithhim.
V.Fillinasuitablesubordinator(从属连词).
1.Hesaiditdidn’tmatter_____westayedorwent.
2._____hedid,noonepaidanyattentiontohim.
3.Tall_____hewas,hecouldnotreachtheapples.
4.Don’taskmetoexplain_____youreallydon’tunderstand.
5.Itwas_____hewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.
6.Pleasedoexactly_____yourdoctorsays.
7._____hadhearrived_____hehadtoleaveagain.
8.Hewalks_____heweredrunk.
9.Theyarehurrying_____theymaynotmissthetrain.
10.Whydon’tyoujointheclub_____youareinterestedintheactivities?
VI.Choosethebestanswer.
1.Hehas_____thatheisoftenlonely.
A.suchfewfriendsB.suchlittlefriendsC.sofewfriendsD.soafewfriends
2._____IgettoParis,I’llcallyouupattheairport.
A.SinceB.WhileC.OnceD.Although
3._____theheadmastercomes,wewon’tdiscusstheplan.
A.UnlessB.IfnotC.ExceptD.Whether
4.IhadbeentoBeijinglong_____youvisitedit.
A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.when
5._____,heisgoodatdrawing.
A.TobeachildB.AchildasheisC.AsachildD.Childasheis
6.Don’tbediscouraged_____youhavefallenbehindothers.
A.whetherB.asifC.evenifD.however
7.Wecangetthereontime_____thecardoesn’tbreakdown.
A.whileB.aslongasC.sothatD.evenif
8.Thevaseontheleftis_____thantheoneontheright,andnot_____.
A.morenicer…soexpensiveB.muchmorebetter…asexpensive
C.nicer…asexpensiveD.better…suchexpensive
9.
4
_____hadthebellrung_____thestudentstooktheirseats.
A.Hardly…whenB.Nosooner…whenC.Hardly…thanD.Nosooner…then
10._____manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.
A.HavingbeentoldB.Thoughhadbeentold
C.HewastoldD.Havingtold
11._____wehavecome,let’sstayandenjoyit.
A.ForB.AsC.BecauseD.Since
12.You’dbetterdo_____youarerequired.
A.likeB.whichC.thatD.as
13.I’llstartearly,_____itmaybedark.
A.howeverB.whetherC.ifD.though
14._____thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.
A.WithB.SinceC.AsD.While
15.Hecan’thavegoneout,_____thelightisstillon.
A.becauseB.sinceC.asD.for
16.Iwaswalkingalongtheriver_____Iheardacryforhelp.
A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as
17.Weshouldn’tdothatdangerousexperiment_____theteacheriswithus.
A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.aslongas
18.Hehas_____littleeducation_____heisunabletofindajob.
A.such…thatB.so…andC.so…thatD.such…and
19.Willyougo_____ourmotherlandneedsusmostaftergraduation?
A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.totheplacewhich
20.IamsureI’llmeetkind-heartedman_____Igo.
A.whereB.totheplacewhereC.whereverD.theplace
21.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_____weallagreedtoacceptit.
A.soB.andC.thatD.as
22.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.I’llbuyit,_____.
A.howmuchmayitcostB.nomatterhowitmaycost
C.howevermuchitmaycostD.howmayitcost
23.–Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?
–Herushedoutoftheroom_____Icouldsayaword.
A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after
24.ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,_____thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.
A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while
25.Ifyouaretraveling_____thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.
A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where
26.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_____it’spossibletotestthemedicineonhumanpatients.
A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when
27.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep_____muchworkyouhavetodo.
A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever
28.We’dbeeninAthensfornotmorethantwodays_____itbecameobviousthatweneededaguide.
A.untilB.asC.beforeD.since
29.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especially_____FatherwasawayinFrance.
A.asB.thatC.duringD.if
30.
5
Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatitis.
A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever
31.–Iamgoingtothepostoffice.
–_____you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?
A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.If
32._____you’vegotthechance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.
A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas
33.Themenwillhavetowaitallday_____thedoctorworksfaster.
A.ifB.unlessC.whetherD.that
34.–Howfarapartdotheylive?
–_____
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