高中英语竞赛书面表达中的高级结构.docx
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高中英语竞赛书面表达中的高级结构.docx
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高中英语竞赛书面表达中的高级结构
◆强调句:
可以轻松地将时间、地点、因素、方式等类型状语从句转变为强调句。
ItwasnotuntilIarrivedhomethatIrealizedIhadleftthebagontheshopcounter.
ItwasthenthatIrealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.
◆倒装句:
只要句中有介词短语或状语从句,便可将其提前,变成倒装句。
OnlywhenIturnedrightatthecrossingdidthatcarcracktowardsme.
Onlybythismeanscanheescapefromthebigfire.
◆with引导随着构造:
可以将状语从句或并列句中其中一种分句变成with构造。
Withthesunlightingbrightlyandthebirdssingingclearly,Iwenttoschoolinhighspirits
Healwayslikestosleepwiththewindowsopen.
◆巧妙地使用非谓语动词:
可以将状语从句或并列动词简化为非谓语动词。
Hearingthat,thedriver’swifequicklyaddedthatherhusbandoftentalkednonsenseafterdrinking.(低档形式:
Whenheheardthat,……)
◆恰到好处被动句:
适合应用于较简短句子,这样显得语言简洁生动,宾语普通是nothing、anything、everything等不定代词。
Searchedallmypockets,butnothingwasfound。
◆感叹句:
通惯用于开头结尾活跃文章氛围,凡是“Ifeel……”之类表达感情句子皆可如此改造。
HowterribleIfelttoday!
Ifailedagaininthemathexam.
◆高档定语从句:
若定语从句中动词带有介词,只需将介词移至先行词后。
Wecametoaplacetowhichtheyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.
◆进行时态:
有时会具有一定情绪,特别要使用always这样富含感情色彩副词。
IamalwaysfeelingterriblewhenItakeabus.
◆婉转表达:
需要使用幽默技巧,重要用于漫画型作文题。
IcouldfindnothingbutbadluckwhenIreturnedtheshopafterlearningthatmyhandbaghadbeenleftonthecounter.
◆what引导名词性从句:
将动宾构造转化为此构造。
Whathegaveme,whichIknew,werenotonlyaChristmaspresentbutalsoaheartfullofloveandamindofmyexistenceinit.
◆“数词+名词”变为“asmanyas+数词+名词”。
Asmanyastenyearsago,myhometownusedtobecoveredbyforests
◆恰当加某些不关痛痒插入语:
某些连词、副词可以放到句子中间充当语调较弱插入语,如Iguess、however、inaway、certainly、inmyopinion、probably、briefly,generallyspeaking,believeitornot,besides,what’smore等,有时可以考虑几种插入语连用,就更像英美人士文章了。
◆独立主格:
将主从句去掉连词,前句动词变为分词即可。
Theweatherbeingfine,alargenumberofpeoplewenttoclimbtheWesternHills.
◆把简朴句改成复合句:
恰当时候把两个简朴句改成“too….to…”或者“so…that…”等高档一点复合句。
例如:
Iwasverytired.Icouldn’tkeepupwiththem.咱们可以改成:
IwassotiredthatIcouldn’tkeepupwiththem.或:
Iwastootiredtokeepupwiththem.
这样一来,英语基本不是较好学生只要可以写出最基本句子,然后再对这些句子进行加工、改造、润色,慢慢,就会让句子靓起来,在高考中就可以得到比较满意成绩。
一.高档词汇
1.occur替代thinkof
SuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.→
Anideaoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.
Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.
2.devote替代spend
Hespendsallhissparetimeinreading.→
Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.
3.seek替代want/lookfor
Theysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.
4.average替代ordinary
I’manaverage(ordinary)student.
5.but替代very
Thefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.→
Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.
Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.
6.seat替代sit
Onhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lookingworried.
7.suppose替代should
Heissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.
8.appreciate替代thank
Thankyouverymuchforyouhelp.→
Weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.
9.thecase替代true
Idon’tthinkitisthecase(true).
10.on替代assoonas
Assoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.→
Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..
11.dueto替代becauseof
Hearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.
12.cover替代walk/read
Aftercovering(walking)10miles,weallfelttired.
13.contributeto替代behelpful/useful
PlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.→
PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.
14.roundthecorner替代comingsoon/nearby
①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner(coming).Doyouhaveanyplans?
②LiMingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).
15.cometolight替代discover
Thefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.→
Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.
16.haveaball替代haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself
Aftervisitingtheworkshop,wewentbacktoschool.Everyoneofushadaball(hadagoodtime).
17.comeupwith替代thinkof
Jackisveryclever.Heoftencomesupwith(thinksof)newideas.
18.setaside替代save
Somestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.(天津卷)
19.beof+n.替代adj.
Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.
20.referto替代talkabout/of,mention
Theprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.
21.cannotbut/cannothelpbut替代havetodo
Icouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.
22.moreoftenthannot替代usually
Moreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.
23.lest替代sothat/inorderthat
IwrotedownhistelephonenumbersothatIwouldnotforgetit.→
IwrotedownhistelephonenumberlestI(should)forgetit.
24.belongforsth./belongtodosth.替代wanttodosth./wishfor
Iwanttoseeyouverymuch.→
Iamlongtoseeyou.
25.becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替代beinterestedin
Heiscaughtupin(veryinterestedin)collectingstamps.
26.morethan替代very
①I’mverygladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.→
I’mmorethangladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.(NMET)
②IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.(全国卷)
27.perfect(ly)替代good/verywell
Hespeaksperfect(good)English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).
28.dosba/thefavor替代help
Wouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme)toturndowntheradio?
29.theotherday替代afewdaysago
TheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)
30.inthecourseof替代during
Inthecourseof(During)themountain-climbing,pleasehelpeachotherandpayspecialattentiontoyoursafety.
31.themajorityof替代most
Themajorityof(Mostof)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.
32.consistof替代bemadeupof
Ourclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.
33.bewornout替代betired/broken
①Afterfivehours’non-stopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).
②Myshoesarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.
34.becomeof替代happen
Whatdothinkhasbecomeof(happenedto)him?
35.attendto替代lookafter
36.onconditionthat替代aslongas
37.nevertheless替代however
38.expressone’ssatisfactionwith替代besatisfiedwith
39.sparenoeffortstodo替代tryone’sbesttodo
40.manya替代many
41.berushedoffone’sfeet替代bebusyindoing
42.ahandfulof替代alittle/some
43.meanwhile替代atthesametime
44.gettoone’sfeet替代standup
45.beneath替代under
46.occasionally替代sometimes/onceinwhile
47.forinstance替代forexample
48.seldom替代notoften
49.wealthy替代rich
50.amazing替代surprising
51.asamatteroffact替代infact
二.高档句型构造
◆It句型
①Itwillbe+sometime+before…
Itwon’tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.
②Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.
Itisveryimportantforustolearncomputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.
HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspareparts.(湖北卷)
③Itis+被强调某些+that…
1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.
2)Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.
◆more…thananyother表达最高档
Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandcomputerstudyaremorepopularthananyoneelse.
◆名词从句
①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.(全国卷Ⅲ)
②Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.
◆(非限制性)定语从句
①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.→
TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.(NMET)
②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI’llneverforgetfortherestofmylife.(北京卷)
◆分词构造
①Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclassesaswell.(NMET)
②We’llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.(全国卷Ⅱ)
③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.(辽宁卷)
BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.(湖南卷)
◆with构造
①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyinjured.
②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesuitcaseinhislefthand.
◆倒装句
①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.→
Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.
②Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.→
Tiredasweare,wearehappy.
③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.(上海卷)
Mayallyourdreamscometrue!
Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!
(湖南卷)
◆被动语态
①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.(NMET)
②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.(全国卷Ⅳ)
③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.(江苏卷)
◆巧妙改写
(1).Only改成noonebut
OnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.→NoonebutTompassedtheexam.
(2).assoonas…改成Nosooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.
(3).havesb/sthdo/done
Thegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).
(4).变换插入语位置
①However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.→
Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.(NMET)
②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.→
Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithink,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.(全国卷Ⅰ)
(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.→
Meimei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.(上海卷)
Shakespeare,a
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