PET高频词汇word版.docx
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PET高频词汇word版.docx
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PET高频词汇word版
VOCABULARYLIST
PreliminaryEnglishTest(PET)
IntroductiontothePETVocabularyList
ThePETVocabularyListgivesteachersaguidetothevocabularyneededwhenpreparingstudentsforthePETexamination.
BackgroundtotheList
ThePETlistwasoriginallydevelopedbyCambridgeESOLinconsultationwithexternalconsultantstoguideitemwriterswhoproducematerialsforthePETexamination.ItincludesvocabularyfromtheCouncilofEurope’sThreshold(1990)specificationandothervocabularywhichcorpusevidenceshowsishigh-frequency.
ThelistcoversvocabularyappropriatetothislevelofEnglishandincludesreceptivevocabulary(wordsthatthecandidateisexpectedtounderstandbutwhichisnotthefocusofaquestion),andproductivevocabulary(wordsthatthecandidateneedstoknowtoansweraquestion).
ThelistdoesnotprovideanexhaustivelistofallwordswhichappearonthePETquestionpapersandcandidatesshouldnotconfinetheirstudyofvocabularytothelistalone.
HowtheListisUpdated
ThevocabularyofEnglishchangesovertime,withwordsbeingaddedandotherwordsfallingintodisuse.Inordertomaintainitscurrency,thePETlistisupdatedonanannualbasisbytheadditionandremovalofwords,usingacorpus-basedapproach.Suggestedadditionstothewordlistarecollatedandthefrequencyofthesewordsisobtainedbyreferencetoestablishedcorpora(electronicdatabases).Thecorporainquestionrepresentreceptiveandproductivelanguageingeneralcontexts.ThemaincorporausedforthevalidationofthePETVocabularyListare:
•theCambridgeLearnerCorpus(CLC)whichincludesover20millionwordsofwrittenlearnerEnglishatsixlevels;
•theBritishNationalCorpus(BNC)whichincludes100millionwordsofwrittenandspokennativespeakerdata.
OrganisationoftheList
•Wordsets
Somecategoriesofwordsalearneratthislevelmightbeexpectedtoknowarenotincludedinthealphabeticallistbutarelistedseparately.Wordsformedwithcommonaffixes,somecompoundsandwordsfromsomecommonwordsets,e.g.daysoftheweekaredescribedbelowandinAppendix1.Althoughsome‘grammarwords’(pronouns,modals,etc.)areincluded,the‘LanguageSpecification’sectionofthePETHandbook(availableunder‘Downloads’)shouldbeconsultedforamorecompletelisting.
•Exemplification
Examplephrasesandsentencesshowinghowwordsmightbeusedaregivenonlywherewordswithdifferentmeaningsneedtobeconstrainede.g.theuseofcaseislimitedto‘suitcase’:
candidatesarenotexpectedtoknowothermeanings,suchas‘alegalcase’.
PETVocabularyList2©UCLES2006
•PrefixesandSuffixes
AlistofpossibleprefixesandsuffixesisprovidedinAppendix2,andthesemaybecombinedwiththevocabularyitemsinthelistasappropriate.Wordswithanaffixwhichisnotincludedintheappendixarelistedseparatelyinthealphabeticallist.
•CompoundWords
Compoundwordsarenotincludedinthelistwherebothindividualwordsarepresentandthemeaningofthecompoundisliteralandtransparent,e.g.coursebook,schoolboy,shoemaker,underwater.Asimilarapproachhasbeenadoptedwithtwo-wordandhyphenatedcompounds,forexample,coffeebar,leisurecentre,home-made,open-air.
•Multi-wordVerbs
Multi-wordverbsarenotincludedinthelistiftheyhavealiteralmeaningandarecomposedofverbsandparticlesalreadyinthelist.Examplesof‘literal’multi-wordverbsarecomeinto,sitdown,asin‘Whynotcomeintothekitchenandsitdown?
’Ifthemeaningoftheverbisnottransparent,e.g.putthrough,getalong,thentheverbislistedandanexampleofusagegiven.
•TopicLists
InAppendix3wordshavebeengroupedtogetherundercommonPETthemes,suchas‘HouseandHome’,‘Sport’,‘FoodandDrink’.
UnsuitableTopics
CambridgeESOLexaminationsmustnotcontainanythingthatmightoffendorupsetcandidates,potentiallyaffecttheirperformanceordistractthemduringtheexamination.Anumberof‘sensitive’topicsareconsideredunsuitableforuseinPET,forexample,warandpolitics,andvocabularyrelatingtotheseisnotincludedintheVocabularyList.
PersonalVocabulary
ThecontentofthePETlistisgeneralinnatureandisunlikelytocovercompletelytheproductivevocabularythatmayberequiredbyallcandidates.Candidatesshouldknowthespecificlexistheywillneedtodescribethemselvesandtheirlives,forexample,work,hobbies,likesanddislikes.
Abbreviations
AbbreviationsusedintheVocabularyListare:
abbrevabbreviationoracronym
adjadjective
advadverb
AmEngAmericanEnglish
BrEngBritishEnglish
conjconjunction
detdeterminer
exclamexclamation
intinterjection
nnoun
phrvphrasalverb
plplural
preppreposition
prepphrprepositionalphrase
pronpronoun
singsingular
vverb
SummaryofPointstobenoted
•ThelistdoesnotincludeeverywordthatmayappearonaPETpaper.
•Thelistcoversreceptiveandproductivevocabulary.
•Itisupdatedeveryyear.
PETVocabularyList4©UCLES2006PETVocabularyList5©UCLES2006
A
ability(n)能力
able(adj)能够
about(adv&prep)大约,关于
•about500students(adv)大约500个学生
•Thefilmisaboutasmallboy.(prep)这部电影是关于一个小男孩的
above(prep)在之上
abroad(adv)在国外地
absent(adj)缺席
accept(v)接收
access(n)['ækses]
n.通路,进入,使用之权
v.存取
•disabledaccess
•internetaccess
accident(n)['æksidənt]
基本翻译
n.事故,意外的事
accommodation(n)住宿
accompany(v)陪同,伴随
accordingto(prep)通过,根据
account(n)账户
accurate(adj)准确的
ache(n&v)疼痛
achieve(v)到达
across(prep)穿过
act(n&v)行动
•inthesecondact(oftheplay)(n)第二幕
•toactinaplay(v)表演
•toactstrangely(v)行为怪异
action(n)行动
active(adj)积极的
activity(n)活动
actor(n)演员
actress(n)女演员
actual(adj)事实上的
ad(advertisement)(n)广告
add(v)增加
addition(n)附加
•inaddition另外
additional(adj)附加的
address(n)地址
admire(v)羡慕,崇拜
admission(n)准许
•charges/cost/price
admit(v)准许
adult(adj&n)成年人
advanced(adj)先进的
advantage(n)有点
adventure(n)冒险
advert(n)提及
advertise(v)广告
advertisement(n)广告
advice(n)意见
advise(v)提意见
aeroplane(n)飞机
afford(v)提供
afraid(adj)害怕
after(prep)之后
afternoon(n)下午
afterwards(adv)后来地
again(adv)又
against(prep)反对
age(n)年龄
aged(adj)上了年纪的
agent(n)代理人
agency(n)代理处
ago(adv)从前
agree(v)同意
ahead(adv)在前面
aim(n&v)目标
air(n)空气
air-conditioning(n)冷气机
airforce(n)空军
airline(n)航空
airmail(n)空邮
airport(n)机场
alarm(n)警报
alarmclock(n)闹钟
alike(adv)同样的
alive(adj)活着的
all(adj,adv,det&pron)所有
allright/alright(adv)好的
allow(v)同意
almost(adv)几乎
alone(adv)独自一人
along(adv&prep)伴随
aloud(adv)大声的
alphabet(n)字母表
already(adv)已经
also(adv)也
although(conj)尽管
altogether(adv)在一起地
always(adv)总是
a.m.(adv)上午
amazed(adj)吃惊的
amazing(adj)令人惊讶的
ambassador(n)大使
ambition(n)野心
ambulance(n)救护车
among(amongst)(prep)在三者之间
amount(n)数量
amusing(adj)有趣的
ancient(adj)古代的
and(conj)和
angry(adj)愤怒的
animal(n)动物
ankle(n)脚踝
anniversary(n)周年纪念
announce(v)宣布
announcement(n)宣布
annoy(v)使恼怒
annual(adj)年度的
another(adj)另一个
answer(n&v)回答
answerphone(n)答复电话
antique(adj&n)古董
anxious(adj)担心的
any(adj&pron)任何一个
anybody(pron)任何一个人
anyhow(adv)不管怎样
anyone(pron)无论谁
anything(pron)任何事
anyway(adv)无论如何
anywhere(adv)无论何地
apartfrom(prep)分开
apartment(n)公寓
apologise(v)道歉
apology(n)道歉
appear(v)出现
appearance(n)出现
apple(n)苹果
application(n)申请
apply(v)
appointment(n)约会
approach(v)到达
approve(v)赞同,批准
architect(n)建筑师
area(n)地方,面积
argue(v)争论
arm(n)胳膊
armchair(n)扶椅
army(n)军队
around(adv&prep)大约
arrange(v)分配
arrest(v)逮捕
arrival(n)到达
arrive(v)到达
art(n)艺术
article(n)文章,陈列品
artist(n)艺术家
as(adv&conj)最为,因为
aswell(adv)也
aswellas(prep)和什么一样好
ashamed(adj)感到羞愧的
ask(v)问
asleep(adj)睡着的
aspirin(n)阿司匹林
assistant(n)助手
at(prep)在
atall(prepphr)根本
atfirst(prepphr)首先
atlast(prepphr)最后
atleast(prepphr)至少
atonce(prepphr)曾经
atpresent(prepphr)目前
atthesametime(prepphr)同时
athlete(n)运动员
athletics(n)体育运用
atmosphere(n)气氛,空气
attach(v)附属
attack(n&v)攻击
attempt(v)尝试
attend(v)参加
attention(n)注意
attitude(n)态度
attract(v)吸引
attraction(n)吸引
attractive(adj)有吸引力的
audience(n)观众
aunt(n)阿姨
automatically(adv)自动地
available(adj)有的,可得到的
average(adj&n)平均
avoid(v)避免
awake(adj)唤醒
away(adv)远处,离开
awful(adj)糟糕的,可怕的
B
baby(n)婴儿
back(adv,adj&n)回去
background(n)背景
backpack(n)背包
backwards(prep)向后的
bad(adj)坏的
bag(n)包
baggage(n)行李
bake(v)烤
balance(v)平衡
balcony(n)阳台
bald(adj)秃子,秃头的
ball(n)球
ballet(n)芭蕾
balloon(n)气球
banana(n)香蕉
band(n)乐队
bandage(n)绷带
bank(n)银行
bankbalance(n)银行余额
banknote(n)
bar(n)酒吧,门栓
barbecue(n&v)烧烤
bare(adj)荒凉
baseon(phrv)基于,建立在。
。
基础上
baseball(n)棒球
basement(n)地下室
basic(adj)基础的
basin(n)脸盆
basket(n)篮子
basketball(n)篮球
bat(n)球拍,蝙蝠
bath(n&v)洗澡
bathroom(n)浴室
battle(n)战斗
bay(n)海湾
be(v)成为,是
beach(n)海滩
bean(n)豆子
bear(n)忍受
beard(n)胡子
beat(v)击打
beautiful(adj)漂亮的
because(conj)因为
becauseof(prep)因为
become(v)成为
bed(n)床
bedroom(n)卧室
bee(n)蜜蜂
beef(n)牛肉
before(prep)从前
begin(v)成为
behave(v)表现,行为
behind(prep)后面的
believe(v)相信
bell(n)铃声
belong(v)属于
belongings(n)所有物
below(adv&prep)在下面的
belt(n)带
bend(n&v)弯曲
beneath(adv&prep)在下面
benefit(n&v)利益
beside(prep)旁边
between(prep)在两者之间
beyond(prep)超越
bicycle(n)自行车
big(adj)大的
bike(n)自行车
bill(n)账单
•electricitybill
bin(n)垃圾箱,储物柜
biography(n)专集
biology(n)生物学
bird(n)
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