虚拟语气教案.docx
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虚拟语气教案.docx
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虚拟语气教案
龙文教育辅导教案
学员编号(卡号):
年级:
第课时
学员姓名:
辅导科目:
英语教师:
郝彩河
课题
虚拟语气
授课时间:
12年月日
备课时间:
12年月日
教学目标
虚拟语气的掌握
重点、难点
不同时态下虚拟语气的应用
考点及考试要求
虚拟语气与虚拟语气与情态动词、虚拟语气与陈述语气的混合考查
教学内容
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。
它是通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示的。
历年高考虚拟语气与虚拟语气与情态动词、虚拟语气与陈述语气的混合考查等却常见。
这些考查形式常常出现在单项填空、完形填空及短文过错等题型中。
阅读理解短文中的虚拟语气也常常影响答案的确定。
含条件状语从句的复合句中的虚拟语气,一些特殊动词的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句中的虚拟语气,还要注意其它一些常见的虚拟语气形式,这些形式常常是混合的,需要在具体的语境中确定其用法。
(二)在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
分为六项学习虚拟语气:
一. If条件句(过去,现在,将来)
二.Iwishthat…(Ifonly… )
三.wouldrather(过去,现在/将来)
四. asif/asthough
五.suggest/order/demandthat…
六.Itistimethat…
下面逐项学习:
一.If条件句:
特点---时态往过去推。
1。
现在情况的虚拟
1)IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.
2)IfIwereasinger,Iwouldearnalotofmoney.
3)IfIwereadoll,Iwouldnotgotoschool.
变化:
1)WereIabird,Iwouldflyfreelyinthesky.
2)WereIasinger,Iwouldearnalotofmoney.
3)WereIadoll,Iwouldnotgotoschool.
更多例句:
1)IfIhadamagiccat,IwouldhavewhateverIwant.
2)IfIhadmorefriends,Iwouldbehappier.
3)IfIknewwherehelives,Iwouldpayhimavisit.
4)IfIhadstricterparents,Iwoulddobetter.
结论:
Ifsb.were/did…,sbwoulddo…
变形:
Weresb…,sbwoulddo…
注意:
从句中的be动词,第一三人称也可用was.但IfIwereyou,只用were。
主句中除了可以使用would外,还可使用could,might,should。
但should只用于第一人称。
Ifhewas(were)here,weshould(would)feelmuchbetter.
2.过去情况的虚拟
1)IfIhadworkedharder,Iwouldhavedonebetterintheexam.
2)IfIhadn’tquarreledwithher,Iwouldn’thavelostafriend.
3)Ifshehadn’tmethim,shewouldn’thavefalleninlovewithhim.
4)IfIhadboughtsomeflour,Iwouldhavemadenoodles.
更多例句:
1) HadIworkedharder,Iwouldhavedonebetterintheexam.
2) Hadn’tIquarreledwithher,Iwouldn’thavelostafriend.
3)Hadn’tshemethim,shewouldn’thavefalleninlovewithhim.
4)HadIboughtsomeflour,Iwouldhavemadenoodles.
结论:
Ifsb.haddone…,sbwouldhave…
变形:
Hadsb.done…,sbwouldhave…
注意:
主句中除了用would外,还可使用could,might,should。
但should只用于第一人称。
Ishouldn’t(wouldn’t)havedoneitifithadn’tbeennecessary.
3.将来情况的虚拟
1)IfIweretogoabroad,Iwouldopenarestaurant.
IfIshouldgoabroad,Iwouldopenarestaurant.
IfIwentabroad,Iwouldopenarestaurant.
2)IfIweretoseehim, Iwouldtellhimthenews.
IfIshouldseehim,Iwouldtellhimthenews.
IfIsawhim,Iwouldtellhimthenews.
3)Ifitweretosnowheavily,thetrafficwouldbeblocked.
Ifitshouldsnowheavily,thetrafficwouldbeblocked.
Ifitsnowedheavily,thetrafficwouldbeblocked.
4)Ifourcountryweretobecomeasuperpower,howhappywewouldbe!
Ifourcountryshouldbecomeasuperpower,howhappywewouldbe!
Ifourcountrybecameasuperpower,howhappywewouldbe!
变化:
1)WereItogoabroad,Iwouldopenarestaurant.
ShouldIgoabroad,Iwouldopenarestaurant.
2)WereIseehim,Iwouldtellhimthenews.
ShouldIseehim,Iwouldtellhimthenews.
3)Wereittosnowheavily,thetrafficwouldbeblocked.
Shoulditsnowheavily,thetrafficwouldbeblocked.
4)Wereourcountrytobecomeasuperpower,howhappywewouldbe!
Shouldourcountrybecomeasuperpower,howhappywewouldbe!
结论:
Ifsb.weretodo,sb.woulddo
Ifsb.shoulddo,sb.woulddo
Ifsb.did,sbwoulddo
变形:
Weresb.todo…
Shouldsb.do…
注意:
从句中should可用于各种人称。
主句中除了用would外,还可使用could,might,should。
但should只用于第一人称。
Iftheyshouldactlikethatagain,weshould(would)criticizethemseverely.
4.错综虚拟
1)Ifhehadsetoutearlier,hewouldbehomenow.
2)Ifyouhadtakenthedoctor’sadvice,youwouldbemuchbetternow.
3)Ifshehadn’ttrainedhard,she_________(notbe)abletorunsofastnow.
4)Ifhehadlistenedtome,he________(notbe)insuchtroublenow.
Translate:
ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifIhadn’tfalleninlove,attheageof17,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.
二.Iwishthat…
1. 现在IwishthatIdid/were…(第一三人称可用was)
2.过去 IwishthatIhaddone…
3.将来 IwishthatIwoulddo…
现在:
Iwishthateverybodywere/waskind-hearted.
IwishIcouldliveamorecomfortablelife.
过去:
Iwishyouhadnottoldmeatall.
IwishIhadneverbeenborn.《苔丝》
IwishIhadusedcreditcardsmoresensibly.
将来
IwishIwouldbeafamousteacher.
Manypeoplewishhewouldleaveourschool.
Manystudentswishthattheywouldhavelesshomework.
感受“ifonly…”
LookatthetroubleIamin!
IfonlyIhadtakenyouradvice.
Practice:
1)IfonlyI_______stayoutofschool.
2)IfonlyI__________(go)tobedearlierlastnight.
3)Ifonlythemid-termexam_______(将)becancelled.
结论:
Ifonly…=Iwishthat…
三.wouldrather
Iwouldratheryou________(pay)menow.
I’dratheryou____(tell)methetruthnow.
I’dratheryou_____ (do)somehouseworkwhenyouarefree.
Don’tcomenow.Iwouldratheryou________ (come)tomorrow.
I’dratheryou____(call)meyesterday.
结论:
wouldrathersbdid(现在/将来)
sbhaddone(过去)
四.asif 似乎,好像
HespeaksEnglishsowellasifhewere/wasanEnglishman.
Helookssopaleasifhehadseenamonster.
结论:
主从同时发生,asif从句用did/were.(第一三人称可用was)
从句先发生,asif从句用haddone.
特例:
Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.
Inowfeelasifthatwaswhenmylifereallybegan.
Practice:
1)Youneedn’tstandthereasifyou____(have)nothingtodowithus.(had)
2)Themasterusedtheslaveasifshe____(be)ananimal,athing,notaperson.(were/was)
3)Shestaredatherhusbandasifhe____(be)astranger. (were/was)
4)Hetalksasifhe_________(do)theworkallbyhimself,butinfactTomandIdidmostofit.(haddone)
五. suggest/advise/order/request/demand/require/recommend…
thatsb.(should)do…
Theteachersuggestedthathomework(should)bedoneontime.(建议)
比较:
Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasnothimselftoday.(表明)
六.Itistimethatsb.did
sb.shoulddo
It’stimeyou_____toschool.(went/shouldgo)
It’stimeyou_____yourhomework.(did/shoulddo)
It’stimeyou_____outtoplay.(went/shouldgo)
条件句中的虚拟语气
1.与现在事实相反:
从句用过去时(be动词一律用were),主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形
e.g.IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendyourparty.
2.与过去事实相反:
从句用过去完成时,主句用would/could/should/might+have+动词过去分词
e.g.Ifyouhadattendedthelecture,youwouldhaveknownhowtowritethecomposition.
3.与将来事实相反:
从句用动词过去式或should/wereto+动词原形,主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形
e.g.Ifitsnowed,wewouldtakephotos.
从句中的虚拟语气
1.一个坚持(insist)两个命令(order,demand)三个建议(advice,suggest,propose)四项要求(demand,require,request,ask)用should+动词原形
2.Itis(high)timethat…用should+动词原形(should不能省略)或用动词的过去式
3.Evenif/eventhough引导的让步状语从句
4.Asif/asthough引导的从句
5.Wouldrather(宁愿)后的从句
6.某些词后的同位语和表语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形
如advice,idea,order,demand,plan,suggestion,request
错综虚拟句
主句与从句动作发生的时间不一致,要具体分析
e.g.Ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldbeverytirednow
时间
从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
将来
一般过去时(be用were)
would/should/might/could+动词原形
现在
一般过去时(be用were)
would/should/might/could+动词原形
过去
过去完成时
would/should/might/couldhave+过去分词
1.---I’msorry.I___________atyoutheotherday.
---Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself. (08江苏)
A.shouldn’tshout B.shouldn’thaveshouted
C.mustn’tshout D.mustn’thaveshouted
2.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe____itwithoutyou.
A.canmanage B.couldhavemanaged (08山东)
C.couldmanage D.canhavemanaged
3____hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.(07全国)
A.If B.Since C.Though D.When
4.---Ifthetraffichadn’tbeensoheavy,Icouldhavebeenbackby6o’clock.
---Whatapity!
Tina____heretoseeyou. (05湖南)
A.is B.was C.wouldbe D.hasbeen
5.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You____homewithoutaword.
A.mustn’tleave B.shouldn’thaveleft (01全国)
C.couldn’thaveleft D.needn’tleave
6.Hesuggestedthattheperson____tobepunished..
A.refers B.refer C.shouldrefer D.referred
7---Doyouthinkthethiefenteredtheroomthroughthebackdoor?
---No,ifhehad,Idon’tbelievehe____theliving-roomwindow.
A.wouldbreak B.broke C.wouldhavebroken D.breaks
8.Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifferenttoday..
A.is B.willbe C.wouldhavebeen D.wouldbe
9.---____hecometoseeyouashepromised?
---Ofcourse,please,andI’dratherhe____methetruth.
A.Will;informed B.Shall;told C.Should;willtell D.Can;tell
10---Helooksveryhotanddry.
---So____ifyouhadatemperatureof39.
A.wouldyou B.willyou C.wouldyouhavebeen D.doyou
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