大学英语病句改写全套知识讲解.docx

大学英语病句改写全套知识讲解.docx

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大学英语病句改写全套知识讲解

改写病句

串句

串句：

错误将两个独立的分句串在一同，不用连词、标点，误将两个句子当作一个句子。

种类：

1。

用一个逗号把两个独立的句子连结起来。

2。

什么标点符号都没有使用。

破句

破句：

是一组词因为缺乏主语或动词没法表达完好意思的错句。

不过句子的一个附属部分

种类：

附属词破句，分词、不定式破句，附带细节句，无主破句。

1st:

改正串句：

4ways

分红两个句子

误Thelocaltireplantshutdownfortheholidayeveryonehadtwoweeksoff.

正Thelocaltireplantshutdownfortheholiday.Asaresult,everyonehadtwoweeksoff.

误Shedidn'tfeelparticularlywellshewenttobed.

正Shedidn'tfeelparticularlywell.Therefore，shewenttobed.

误Hetriedmanytimestogiveupsmokinghenevermanagedto.

正Hetriedmanytimestogiveupsmoking.However,henevermanagedto.

用连词and,but,for,or,nor,so,yet连结两个句子，连词以前加逗号。

（误）Don'tteasethedogyoumightgetbitten.

（正）Don'tteasethedog,oryoumightgetbitten.

用分号连结两个句子

1.Hetriedmanytimestogiveupsmoking;however,henevermanagedto.

2.Thelocaltireplantshutdownfortheholiday;asaresult,everyonehadtwo

weeksoff.

用附属连词把一个分句化为从句，修饰或限制主句

Afterwewalkedovertothewaterfallslowly,wesatdowntoadmirethebeauty

ofthefalls.

Thereisnoschooltomorrow,sotheywillgoonapicnic.

最正确方法改正串句

首选逗号加并列连词，用于两句之间有逻辑关系的句子；

其次选择分号，用于两句中有表示连结关系的副词或副词词组时或后句是前句的说明时；

最后考虑句号，用于两句没有逻辑关系或角度表化等状况。

2nd：

改正破句：

4类

类1：

附属词破句

（误）Smokersclaimtherighttosmokeinpublicplaces.Whilenonsmokers

claimtherighttocleanair.

（正）Smokersclaimtherighttosmokeinpublicplaceswhilenonsmokersclaim

therighttocleanair.

（误）Examinationsremainasprimitiveaseverbefore.Nomatterhowadvanced

ourscienceandtechnologyhavebecomeinthismodernsociety.

（正）Examinationsremainasprimitiveaseverbeforenomatterhowadvanced

ourscienceandtechnologyhavebecomeinthismodernsociety.

（误）AfterIarrivedinChicagobybus.Icheckedintoaroom.ThenIwenttoa

dinnertogetsomethingtoeat.

（正）AfterIarrivedinChicagobybus,Icheckedintoaroom,andthenIwentto

adinnertogetsomethingtoeat.

（误）Mydaughterlikestomakepaperboats.Whichshefloatsinthetubduring

hernightlybath.

（正）Mydaughterlikestomakepaperboatswhichshefloatsinthetubduring

hernightlybath.

（正）Mydaughterlikestomakepaperboats.Shefloatstheminthetubduring

hernightlybath.

类2：

分词和不定式破句改正方法

（1）让破句与其前或后来的句子连结起来，使语义完好

（2）增加主语，把此刻分词改成动词的正确形式；

（3）把being改为be的适合形式；（4）将不定式部分与前方句子连结起来。

（误）Startingattheclockonthefarwall.Inervouslybeganmyspeech.Iwasafraidtolookatanyofthepeopleintheroom.

（正）Startingattheclockonthefarwall,Inervouslybeganmyspeech.Iwas

afraidtolookatanyofthepeopleintheroom.

（误）Ispentalmosttwohoursonthephoneyesterday.Tryingtofindagarage

torepairmycar.EventuallyIhadtohaveittowedtoagarageinanothertown.

（正）Ispentalmosttwohoursonthephoneyesterday,tryingtofindagarage

torepairmycar.EventuallyIhadtohaveittowedtoagarageinanothertown.

（误）Iplanonworkingovertime.Togetthisjobfinished.Otherwise,myboss

maygetangrywith.

（正）Iplanonworkingovertimetogetthisjobfinished.Otherwise,myboss

maygetangrywith.

类3：

增加细节惹起的破句

especially,specially,forexample,suchas,forinstance,like,also,aswellas,

except,but,besides后接n.时,不可以独自存在，只好是句子的部分。

改正方法：

（1）与其前方拥有完好意义的句子连结起来；

（2）增加主语和谓语动词；（3）变动,使其成为前句的一部分。

（误）Myauntlikeswatchingdaytimetelevisionshows.Especiallyoldmoviesandsoapoperas.

（正）Myauntlikeswatchingdaytimetelevisionshows,especiallyoldmovies

andsoapoperas.

（误）Studentcheatingisstillwidelypracticed.Inspiteofthefactthatthe

violatorsgetseverepunishmentoncetheyarecaught.

（正）Studentcheatingisstillwidelypracticedinspiteofthefactthatthe

violatorsgetseverepunishmentoncetheyarecaught.

（误）Hefailedanumberofcoursesbeforeheearnedhisdegree.Amongthem,

English,Economics,andGeneralBiology.

（正）AmongthecourseshefailedbeforeheearnedhisdegreewereEnglish,

Economics,andGeneralBiology.

（误）Cottongrowswellintheircounty.ParticularlyinVanguardCommune.

（正）Cottongrowswellintheircounty,particularlyinVanguardCommune.

类4：

缺乏主语的破句更正方法为：

a.使破句依赖于前方的句子

b.增加主语（该主语常常是代词，指代前句中的主语）

（误）Theytakeanactivepartin

socialactivities.

Onholidays,

frequently

do

temporaryjobs.

（正）Theytakeanactivepartinsocialactivities,andonholidays,theyfrequently

dotemporaryjobs.

（误）

Oneexampleofmyfather'

sgenerosityisthathevisitssickfriendsinthe

hospital.Andtakesalongget-wellcardswithafewdollarsfoldedinthem

．在慰劳

卡里塞钱

（正）Oneexampleofmyfather'sgenerosityisthathevisitssickfriendsinthe

hospitalandtakesalongget-wellcardswithafewdollarsfoldedinthe

（正）Oneexampleofmyfather'sgenerosityisthathevisitssickfriendsinthe

hospital.Hetakesalongget-wellcardswithafewdollarsfoldedinthem.

（误）Sarahlookedwithadmirationatthestunninglyattractivewonderedhowthemodellookeduponwakingupinthemorning.

model.And

（正）Sarahlookedwithadmirationatthestunninglyattractive

model

and

wonderedhowthemodellookeduponwakingupinthemorning.

错误平行构造3rd:

（1）词与词间的平行（名词、形容词、副词、动名词、分词以及不定式等）

①Aweddinganniversaryisacelebrationoflove,trust,partnership,and

tolerance.

②Kateisnotonlybeautifulbutalsointelligent.

③Tomworkscarefullyanddiligently.

④Workingorresting,shealwaysenjoyedherself.

⑤Thesoldierpreferredtodieratherthansurrender.

（2）词组间的平行：

That'sonesmallstepforaman,onegiantleapformankind.

Weprefercampingintheopentoplayingfootballinthefield.

（3）分句间的平行：

Theloveoflibertyistheloveofothers;theloveofpoweristheloveof

ourselves.

Takeyourbooksoutandputthemonthedesk.

Hepaidmoreattentiontowhatheatethantowhathewore.

（4）句子间的平行：

Militarily,GreatBritainwasshockinglyweakin1941.Socially,however,the

countrywassurprisinglystrong.

（误）Katehasbeenawaitress,anurseandtaughtschool.

（正）Katehasbeenawaitress,anurseandateacher.（系列中的每个平行成分都应是名

词。

）

Thegovernorisfacingthedifficulttaskofdevelopingindustrybuthowto

（误）．

notdestroytheenvironment.

（正）Thegovernorisfacingthedifficulttaskofdevelopingindustrybutnot

destroyingtheenvironment.（平行成分为动名词短语）

（误）Recentmoviesreflectmajorimprovementsinnotonlyphotographbut

alsoinediting.

（正）Recentmoviesreflectmajorimprovementsnotonlyinphotographbut

alsoinediting.（平行成分为动名词短语）

（误）Infact,flyingisoftenlessdangerousthantodriveacar.

（正）Infact,flyingisoftenlessdangerousthandrivingacar.（被比较的成分都应为动

名词形式

（误）JaneisabeautifulandthekindestwomanIhavenevermet.

（正）JaneisthemostbeautifulandthekindestwomanIhavenevermet.

（误）Whentheweathergetscold,draftyandrainsalot,it

importanttokeepyourfeetwell-covered.

（正）Whentheweathergetscold,draftyanddamp,itisespeciallyimportantto

keepyourfeetwell-covered.（前两项都是形容词，所以第三项不可以用动词，一定改为形容

词）

常用的句子构造有：

and,but,either/or,neither/nor,notonly/butalso,

both/and,whether/or,although/though/yet,if/then,

not⋯but⋯,would/hadrather⋯than⋯，prefer⋯to⋯，

⋯as⋯/notas（so）⋯as⋯as

构不平行的状况有3种:

1.并列构中的不平行省略

（）Mostofuslackknowledgeorcomfortwithscience.

（正）Mostofuslackknowledgeoforcomfortwithscience.

2.比构的不平行

（）MarsisnearertousthanPluto.

（正）MarsisnearertousthantoPluto.（MarsisnearertousthanitistoPluto.）

“than”前句子，后个，所以造成句子的不均衡。

在写比的句子，必定要注意“than”两的文法构能否一致。

3.两的构不平行

（）Themathteachernotonlyirritatesmebyhishigh-pitchedvoice,butalso

Ibegantohatethemathclass.

（正）Themathteachernotonlyirritatesmebyhishigh-pitchedvoice,butalso

makesmehatethemathclass.

4th:

修置

修置是因将修与被修之放的地点不适合（往常是互相之隔得太）：

就是移地点

Billyelledatthehowlingdoginhisunderwear.à

Bill，inhisunderwear，yelledatthehowlingdog.

Thefinalsceneunitestwocharacters,who,inthebeginning,hadhatedeach

otherinabeautifulway.à

Thefinalsceneunitesinabeautifulwaytwocharacters,who,inthebeginning,

hadhatedeachother.

Alicecouldseealotofcarsrunningfastoutsidethroughherwindow.à

Throughherwindow,Alicecouldseealotofcarsrunningfastoutside.

Hegavetherosetothelovelyactressthathehadboughtforhiswife.à

Hegavetherosethathehadboughtforhiswifetothelovelyactress.

1.像only,just,almost,nearly这样的修饰语时，尽量凑近被修饰语，且一般放在被修饰语前

面。

2.表示时间，地址，方式的状语从句放在句首

3.状语修饰语难以在句中找到适合的地点时，句首是个好地方。

Themayorwasabletocuttheribbonandthenthebandplayedwhensomeone

foundscissors.（动作次序违犯自然规律）à

Whensomeonefoundscissors,themayorwasabletocuttheribbonand

thenthebandplayed.

4.以which或that开头的从句，要跟在被修饰的词后边。

Thehousewasinthewoodsthatburnedlastnight.à

Thehousethatburnedlastnightwasinthewoods.

以防止含糊其词。

不要把修饰语放在能够修饰句中两个部分的地点上5.

Peoplewhowalknormallyarehealthierthanthosewhodon't.à

Peoplewhowalkarenormallyhealthierthanthosewhodon't.

或Normally,peoplewhowalkarehealthierthanthosewhodon't.

5th:

悬垂修饰语

（误）Openingthecupboard,askeletonfellout.

（正）When