商务英语复习资料Unit111周五.docx
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商务英语复习资料Unit111周五.docx
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商务英语复习资料Unit111周五
期末考试内容由三大块构成:
PPT(复习资料)+《新编剑桥商务英语》(中级)练习册+各阅读材料
期末考试样卷
SectionOneCommunicationskills30%(15小题,每题2分,取自课件)
Directions:
Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateterms
1.Therecruitmentprocessinvolvesjobanalysis,sourcing,selectionand___________.
2.Thebasicsofproperbusinessdiningetiquetteincludeseating,eatinganddrinking,____________andconversation.
SectionTwoTheoreticalknowledge20%(各10小题,共20题,每题1分,取自课件)
PartATranslatethefollowingtermsinboldfromEnglishintoChinese.
1.Chinahasbecomeoneoftheworld‘sleadingmanufacturingbasesandleadingsuppliersoflabor-intensiveproducts_______________________.
2.ThelevelofChina’sforeignexchange_________________reservesismuchlarger,sothereisgreatpotentialformuchlargeroutboundFDI_____________oracquisitionsabroad.
PartBTranslatethefollowingtermsfromChineseintoEnglish.
1.贸易逆差
2.互联网+
3.
SectionThreeBusinessReading30%(阅读4-5篇共30小题,每题1分,文章内容与商务活动有关,取自练习册及阅读材料)
PartADirections:
readthepassagebelowaboutadvertising.ChoosethebestwordtofilleachgapfromA,B,CorD.(取自新编剑桥商务英语(中级)练习册(第三版)Page24)
PartB
PartC
PartD
SectionFourBusinessWriting20%
Directions:
Readtheinformationandusetheframeworkbelowtowriteareport(取自新编剑桥商务英语(中级)练习册(第三版)Page23).
PPT(复习资料)
Unit1TopCompaniesandGlobalization
BusinessTheory
1.WhatisaCompany?
A company isan association orcollectionofindividuals,whether naturalpersons, legalpersons,oramixtureofboth,whoshareacommonpurposeanduniteinordertofocustheirvarious talentsandorganizetheircollectivelyavailableskillsorresourcestoachievespecific,declared goals.
Allcompaniesexcludingnon-profitorganizationsarebenefitdriving.
ACompanyShouldbeUnique!
Acompanyisdifferentfromothersbecauseithasitsuniquecorporateculture.
Thepersonwhoorganizesandmanagesanenterprise,especiallyabusiness,usuallywithconsiderableinitiativeandrisk,iscalledanentrepreneur.Itisentrepreneurshipthatinvolvesintheprocessofdesigning,launchingandrunninganewbusiness.
SimilarWords
firmbusinesscorporationmultinationalconglomeratedot-comsubsidiaryaffiliate
Ltd./Co.VScompanyofunlimitedliability
RelativeWords
headquartersbranchdepartment
CEO:
chiefexecutivemanagermanagingdirector总经理/常务董事
chairmanoftheboardboardofdirectors
PhraseCollocation
run/setupacompany
joinacompany:
becomeanemployee
acompanygoesbust/bankrupt
companypolicy
CommonTypesofBusiness
limited-liabilitycompany(责任有限公司)
unlimitedcompany(责任无限公司)
listedcompany(上市公司)
domesticenterprise(内资企业)
foreign-owned/investedenterprise(外企)
overseas-fundedenterprise(海外投资企业)
state-ownedenterprise(国企)
privateenterprise/business(私企)
(Sino-foreign)jointventure(中外合资)
2.WhatDoesGlobalizationMean?
Theterm“globalization”wasfirstusedinascholarlyfashionin1967.
Globalizationistheprocessofinternationalintegrationarisingfromtheinterchangeofworldviews,products,ideasandmutualsharing,andotheraspectsof culture.Itcomestogetherwitheconomicintegration(经济一体化).
3.FourAspectsofGlobalization
trade and transactions
capital and investmentmovements
migration andmovementofpeople
thedisseminationof knowledge
4.WhatareImportantMarksintheHistoryofGlobalization?
TheSilkRoad/
theriseofmaritimeEuropeanempires/multinationalenterprisesandinternationaltrade/bilateral,multinationalandinternationalcooperationandorganization:
WTO,EU,TPP/theInternethasbroughtcommunitiesacrosstheglobeclosertogetherthroughinstantcommunication.
.
5.WhatisSWOTAnalysis?
SWOTanalysis,alsocalledSWOTmatrix,isastructured planning methodusedtoevaluatethestrengths,weaknesses,opportunitiesandthreats involvedina project orina business.
Fortune500andTransnationalCorporations
Themostfamouscompaniesintheworldareincludedin FortuneGlobal500list,alsoknownas Global500,whichisanannualrankingofthetop500 corporationsworldwideasmeasuredby revenue.Thelistiscompiledandpublishedannuallyby Fortune magazine,an Americanbusinessmagazine,publishedgloballyby TimeInc.In2015,thetop10companies:
Walmart(沃尔玛),Sinopec(中石化)
DutchShell(荷兰皇家壳牌石油公司)
ChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation(中国石油天然气集团公司)
ExxonMobil(埃克森美孚),BP(英国石油公司)
StateGridCorporationofChina(中国国家电网公司)
Volkswagen(大众集团公司),ToyotaMotor(丰田汽车)
Glencore(嘉能可-全球大宗商品交易巨头)
6.WhatareTransnationalCorporations/
MultinationalCompanies?
Amultinationalcorporationormultinationalcompany,isanorganizationthatownsorcontrolsproductionofgoodsorservicesinoneormorecountriesotherthantheirhomecountry. Itcanalsobereferredasan internationalcorporation,a"transnational corporation",orastatelesscorporation.
7.HowtoMakeaPresentation?
StepA:
Introducingthepresentation
Usefulexpressions:
Goodmorningandthanksforcoming/TodayI’d
liketotellyouabout…
StepB:
Explainingthestructureofthepresentation
Usefulexpressions:
Ifyouhaveanyquestions,I’llbehappytoanswerthemattheend/ThenI’llgiveyouanoverviewof/Inmybriefpresentationwe’llbeginbylookingat…
StepC:
Presentingthefirstpart
Usefulexpressions:
Hereyoucansee/Firstofallthere’s…/andfinallythere’s...
StepD:
Presentingthesecondpart
Usefulexpressions:
OK,let’smoveontolookat/OnethingI’dliketopointoutis/Takealookatthischart…
StepE:
Presentingthethirdpart
StepF:
Endingthepresentation
Usefulexpressions:
Arethereanyquestions/Sothatbringsmetotheendofthepresentation/Thanksforlistening…
Unit2StartingaBusiness
BusinessTheory
1.WTO(originatedfromGATT-GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade)isaplacewheremembergovernmentsgo,totrytosortoutthetradeproblemstheyfacewitheachother.AtitsheartaretheWTOagreements,negotiatedandsignedbythebulkoftheworld’stradingnations.
ButtheWTOisnotjustaboutliberalizingtrade,andinsomecircumstancesitsrulessupportmaintainingtradebarriers—forexampletoprotectconsumers,preventthespreadofdiseaseorprotecttheenvironment.
2.WTOBenefits
1.Thissystemhelpspromotepeace.
2.Disputesarehandledconstructively.
3.Rulesmakelifeeasierforall.
4.Freetradecutsthecostofliving.
5.Itprovidesmorechoicesofproductsandqualities.
6.Traderaisesincomes.
7.Tradestimulateseconomicgrowth.
8.Thebasicprinciplesmakelifemoreefficient.
9.Governmentsareshieldedfromlobbying.
10.Thesystemencouragesgoodgovernment.
3.WhatisAnti-dumpingAgreement?
Ifacompanyexportsaproductatapricelowerthanthepriceitnormallychargesonitsownhomemarket,itissaidtobe“dumping”theproduct.TheWTOAgreementdoesnotregulatetheactionsofcompaniesengagedin"dumping".Itsfocusisonhowgovernmentscanorcannotreacttodumping—itdisciplinesanti-dumpingactions,anditisoftencalledthe“Anti-dumpingAgreement”.
TypesofBusiness
Soletraderyouareself-employedandsetupthebusinessonyourown.
Partnershipyouareself-employedandstartthebusinesswithanotherperson.Youarebothequallyliable.
Franchiseyoubuyalicensetotradeunderthenameofthefranchiserandyoubenefitfromthefranchiser’sexpertise.
Internetstart-upyoustartabusinessonlinelikeTaobaoC2Cshopwithsmallinvestment.
Internalventureyoumayundertakepartofabusinessinacompany.It’shighlymotivatedatHaier.
Unit3Advertising
BusinessTheory
1.Whendidpeoplebegintotrade?
Clearevidenceoftradingoverlongdistancesdatesbackatleast9,000years.
2.Howdidancientpeopletrade?
Peopletradebecausetheydon’thaveeverythingtheyneed.Tradecanmakeeveryonebetteroff.
3.Whydocountriestrade?
Countriestradewitheachotherwhen,ontheirown,theydonothavetheresources,orcapacitytosatisfytheirownneedsandwants.Tradecomesfromdivisionoflaborandspecialization.Divisionoflabormakestradepossibleandspecializationcangeneratefurtherbenefitsintermsofefficiencyandproductivity.
4.Whatiscomparativeadvantage?
Thetheoryof comparativeadvantage isaneconomictheoryaboutthework gainsfromtrade forindividuals,firms,ornationsthatarisefromdifferencesintheir factorendowments (要素禀赋)or technologicalprogress.Ifan agent(经济学中一般人的抽象) canproduceagoodatalowerrelative opportunitycost,hehascomparativeadvantageinproducingthisgood.Factorsarewhatcanbeusedinproductionlikeland,capitalandlabor,etc.Endowmentsarethequalityandquantityofsomething.
DavidRicardo(in1817)realizedthatabsoluteadvantage(byAdamSmith)wasalimitedcase.Countrieswithoutabsoluteadvantagecangetgainsbytradingproductstheyhavecomparativeadvantageinproducing.
5.Whatproductsandservicesdoesacountrytendtotradewithothers?
Eachcountrytendstotradewithothersproductsandservicesinwhichtheyhavecomparativeadvantages.Comparativeadvantagescomefromfactorendowmentsandtechnologicaldevelopment.
technology-intensive/labor-intensive
Advertising
Advertisingisanimportantpartofmarketing.Itaimstomakepeopleawareofaproductorserviceandfavorablyinclinetowardsit.Amanufacturercanamplifythedemandofaproductbyadvertisingwidely.Itcanbuildtheconsumer’sbrandpreferenceandloyalty,thusincreasingthevalueoftheproduct.Advertisingishelpfultobuildthebrand,increasethevalueofitsgoodwillandwintheconfidenceofconsumer.
Usefulexpressions
1.Theadvertisementisusedtopromote…这广告是促销…
2.Thetargetcustomersoftheadvertisementare…这广告的目标客是….
3.itisobviousthat…很显然…creativeideas有创意的想
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