最新语言学教程测试题及答案.docx
- 文档编号:25106380
- 上传时间:2023-06-05
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:22
- 大小:141.29KB
最新语言学教程测试题及答案.docx
《最新语言学教程测试题及答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《最新语言学教程测试题及答案.docx(22页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
最新语言学教程测试题及答案
语言学教程测试题及答案
Chapter1 IntroductionstoLinguisticsI. Choosethebestanswer.(20%)1. Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman __________A.contact B.communication C.relation D.community2. Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?
A.tree B.typewriter C.crash D.bang3. Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.”is __________. A.interrogative(疑问) B.directive C.informative D.performative4. InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowloraplatethehostorthepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“碎碎(岁岁)平安”asameansofcontrollingtheforceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.Whichfunctionsdoesitperform?
A.Interpersonal B.Emotive C.Performative√ D.Recreational5. Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?
A.Transferability B.Duality C.Displacement D.Arbitrariness6. Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccordingtothefunctionsoflanguage?
—Aniceday,isn’tit?
—Right!
Ireallyenjoythesunlight. A.Emotive B.Phatic C.Performative D.Interpersonal7. __________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’s knowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances. A.Performance B.Competence C.Langue D.Parole8. Whenadogisbarking,youassumeitisbarkingforsomethingoratsomeonethatexistshearandnow.Itcouldn’tbesorrowfulforsomelostloveorlostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof__________. A.culturaltransmission B.productivity C.displacement D.duality9. __________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage. A.Psycholinguistics B.AnthropologicallinguisticsC.Sociolinguistics D.Appliedlinguistics10. __________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation. A.Linguistictheory B.Practicallinguistics C.Appliedlinguistics D.ComparativelinguisticsII. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)11. Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage.F12. Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary.TF?
?
13. Speakingisthequickestandmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.FT?
?
14. Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.F15. Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.F16. Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.F17. F.deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.FSwiss18. AstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare’stimeisanexampleofthediachronicstudyoflanguage.F19. Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.F20. Allthelanguagesintheworldtodayhavebothspokenandwrittenforms.FIII. Fillintheblanks.(10%)21. Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansof__verbal_communication.22. Inanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystomeannewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermed__creativity________.23. Languagehasmanyfunctions.Wecanuselanguagetotalkaboutitself.Thisfunctionis___metalingualfunction_______.24. Theorythatprimitivemanmadeinvoluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhasbeencalledthe__yo-he-ho________theory.25. Linguisticsisthe_scientific_________studyoflanguage.26. Modernlinguisticsis_descriptive_________inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.27. Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof___speech_______overwriting.28. Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa_diachronic_linguistic________study.29. Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts._langue_________referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.30. LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’s__competence________.IV. Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.(20%)
31. Designfeature
Designfeature:
Itreferstothedefiningpropertiesofhumanlanguagethattellthedifferencebetweenhumanlanguageandanysystemofanimalcommunication.32. Displacement
Displacement:
Itmeansthathumanlanguagesenabletheiruserstosymbolizeobjects,eventsandconcepts,whicharenotpresent(intimeandspace)atthemomentofcommunication.33. Competence
Competence:
Itisanessentialpartofperformance.Itisthespeaker’sknowledgeofhisorherlanguage;thatis,ofitssoundstructure,itswords,anditsgrammaticalrules.Competenceis,inaway,anencyclopediaoflanguage.Moreover,theknowledgeinvolvedincompetenceisgenerallyunconscious.Atransformational-generativegrammarisamodelofcompetence.34. Synchroniclinguistics
Synchroniclinguistics:
Itreferstothestudyofalanguageatagivenpointintime.Thetimestudiedmaybeeitherthepresentoraparticularpointinthepast;synchronicanalysescanalsobemadeofdeadlanguages,suchasLatin.Synchroniclinguisticsiscontrastedwithdiachroniclinguistics,thestudyofalanguageoveraperiodoftime.V. Answerthefollowingquestions.(20%)35. Whydopeopletakedualityasoneoftheimportantdesignfeaturesofhumanlanguage?
Canyoutelluswhatlanguagewillbeifithasnosuchdesignfeature?
(南开大学,2004)
Dualitymakesourlanguageproductive.Alargenumberofdifferentunitscanbeformedoutofasmallnumberofelements–forinstance,tensofthousandsofwordsoutofasmallsetofsounds,around48inthecaseoftheEnglishlanguage.Andoutofthehugenumberofwords,therecanbeastronomicalnumberofpossiblesentencesandphrases,whichinturncancombinetoformunlimitednumberoftexts.Mostanimalcommunicationsystemsdonothavethisdesignfeatureofhumanlanguage.Iflanguagehasnosuchdesignfeature,thenitwillbelikeanimalcommunicationalsystemwhichwillbehighlylimited.Itcannotproduceaverylargenumberofsoundcombinations,e.g.words,whicharedistinctinmeaning.36. Whyisitdifficulttodefinelanguage?
(北京第二外国语大学,2004)
Itisdifficulttodefinelanguage,asitissuchageneraltermthatcoverstoomanythings.Thus,definitionsforitallhavetheirownspecialemphasis,andarenottotallyfreefromlimitations.VI. Analyzethefollowingsituation.(20%)37. Howcanalinguistmakehisanalysisscientific?
(青岛海洋大学,1999) Itshouldbeguidedbythefourprinciplesofscience:
exhaustiveness,consistency,economyandobjectivityandfollowthescientificprocedure:
formhypothesis–collectdata–checkagainsttheobservablefacts–cometoaconclusion.I.1~5BACCC 6~10BACACII.11~15FFTFF 16~20FFFFFIII.21.verbal 22.productivity/creativity23.metalingualfunction 24.yo-he-ho25.scientific 26.descriptive27.speech 28.diachroniclinguistic29.langue 30.competence Chapter2 SpeechSounds
I. Choosethebestanswer.(20%)1. Pitchvariationisknownas__________whenitspatternsareimposedonsentences. A.intonation B.tone C.pronunciation D.voice2. Conventionallya__________isputinslashes(//). A.allophone B.phone [] C.phoneme // D.morpheme3. Anaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpare__________ofthepphoneme. A.analogues B.tagmemes C.morphemes D.allophones4. Theopeningbetweenthevocalcordsissometimesreferredtoas __________. A.glottis 声门 B.vocalcavity C.pharynx D.uvula5. Thediphthongsthataremadewithamovementofthetonguetowardsthecenterareknownas__________diphthongs.?
?
A.wide B.closing C.narrow D.centering6. Aphonemeisagroupofsimilarsoundscalled__________. A.minimalpairs B.allomorphs C.phones D.allophones7. Whichbranchofphoneticsconcernstheproductionofspeechsounds?
A.Acousticphonetics B.Articulatoryphonetics C.Auditoryphonetics D.Noneoftheabove8. Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesofarticulation?
A.[n] B.[m] C.[b] D.[p]9. Whichvowelisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtothecharacteristicsofvowels?
A.[i:
] B.[u] C.[e] D.[i]10. Whatkindofsoundscanwemakewhenthevocalcordsarevibrating?
A.Voiceless B.Voiced C.Glottalstop D.ConsonantII. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)11. Suprasegmentalphonologyreferstothestudyofphonologicalpropertiesofunitslargerthanthesegment-phoneme,suchassy
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 最新 语言学 教程 测试 答案
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)