考研英语二写作讲义s韩苏北京.docx
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考研英语二写作讲义s韩苏北京.docx
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考研英语二写作讲义s韩苏北京
PART1:
写作评分参考
(一)评分原则和方法
1.评分标准适用于A、B两节。
但根据两节不同的考查要点,评分时会有不同的侧重
A节:
应用文的评分侧重点在于信息点的覆盖和内容的组织、语言的准确性、格式和语域的恰当。
对语法结构和词汇多样性的要求将根据具体试题作调整。
允许在作文中使用提示语中出现过的关键词,但使用提示语中出现过的词组或句子将被扣分。
备注:
2012年考研英语
(二)大纲第二页脚注:
语域指在书面语和口语表达中根据不同的交际对象,采用的话语方式,即正式、一般、非正式的话语。
B节:
评分重点在于内容完整性、文章的组织连贯性、语法结构和词汇的多样性及语言的准确性。
2.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来给分。
评分人员在档内的1至3分间调节分数。
3.A节的字数要求是100词左右。
B节的字数要求是150词。
文章长度不符合要求的,酌情扣分。
4.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。
评分时,视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5.如书写较差,影响交际,分数将降低一个档次。
(二)一般评分标准
第五档
A节(9-10分)
B节(13-15分)
很好地完成了试题规定的任务。
包含所有的内容要点;
使用丰富的语法结构和词汇;
语言自然流畅,语法错误极少;
有效地采用了多种衔接手法,文字连贯,层次清晰;
格式与语域恰当贴切。
对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。
第四档
A节(7-8分)
B节(10-12分)
较好地完成了试题规定的任务。
包含所有内容要点,允许漏掉一两个次重点;
使用较丰富的语法结构和词汇;
语言基本准确,只有在试图使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇时才有个别错误;
采用了适当的衔接手法,层次清晰,组织较严密;
格式与语域较恰当。
对目标读者产生了预期的效果。
第三档
A节(5-6分)
B节(7-9分)
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
包含多数内容要点;
应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的需求;
有一些语法及词汇错误,但不影响理解;
采用了简单的衔接手法,内容较连贯,层次较清晰;
格式和语域基本合理。
对目标读者基本产生了预期的效果。
第二档
A节(3-4分)
B节(4-6分)
未能按要求完成试题规定的任务。
漏掉或未能有效阐述一些内容要点,写了一些无关内容;
语法结构单调、词汇项目有限;
有较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了对写作内容的理解;
未采用恰当的衔接手法,内容缺少连贯性;
格式和语域不恰当。
未能清楚地传达信息给读者。
第一档
A节(1-2分)
B节(1-3分)
未完成试题规定的任务。
明显遗漏主要内容,且有许多不相关的内容;
语法项目和词汇的使用单调、重复;
语言错误多,有碍读者对内容的理解,语言运用能力差;
未使用任何衔接手法,内容不连贯,缺少组织、分段;无格式与语域概念。
未能传达信息给读者。
零档(0分)
所传达的信息或所用语言太少,无法评价;内容与要求无关或无法辨认。
相关总结:
提别提示:
时间分配:
一.小作文要点:
1.
2.
3.
2.大作文要点
1.
2.
3.
3.共同点
1.
2.
3.
Part2写作得分应对
一.写作共性解决
1.万能词汇:
三类六种
1.
1)
physicalhealth,mentalfitness,keepoptimistic/pessimistic,commitsuicide
dophysicalexercises,well-balanceddiet,infectiousdiseases
2)
generationgap,old/agedpeople,theold/aged/elders/elderly,seniorcitizens,
Independence,dotingcare,onlychildren,persistence,success,innovation
strivingspirit,determinedspirit,outlookoflife,confidence
Difficulty,challenge,financialcrisis,employment
cooperation/teamwork,teamspirit,joint/cooperativeefforts
2.
1)
environmentalprotection,keepecologicalbalance,sustainabledevelopmentstrategy
savetheenergy,reducetheemissionofgreenhousegases,greenhouseeffect
cleanrenewableenergy,lowcarboneconomy,deforestation,desertification
waterandsoilerosion,sandstorm,snowstorm,typhoon,flood,earthquake
2)
duty/responsibility,senseofresponsibility,shoulder/assume/undertake
avoid/shun/shirk,devote/devotion/dedicate/dedication,professionalethics
dishonestbehaviors,fakecommodities,abuse,mistreat,maltreat,ill-treat(ment)
dogoodto,care,lookafter,takecareof,financiallysupport
3.文化
1)
culturalexchange,culturalintegration/blending,multi-culture,mosaicculture,pluralisticculture
preserveandcherish,absorbitsessence,popularculture
2)
resistitsdarkside,idolworship,webaddiction,digitalproducts
electronicgames,mobile-phonesubscription,textmessage
2.写作万能20句
1)Thanks toreform and opening-up policy,...has witnessed great economic and social progress in the past three decades.
2)The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history.
3)We are blessed with new opportunities and faced with new challenges.
4)With the increasingly more rapidly economic globalization and urbanization,more problems are brought to our attention.
5)In the past few years,there has been a sharp growth boom/decline in....
6)While the rhythm/pace /tempo of people's living is speeding up,a lot of changes
have taken place in....
7)with the fantastic spur both in industry and its economy in China,the number of... is on the fire.
8)It is commonly believed that the rise in .... is the inevitable result of economic
development
9)In recent years,China has experienced an alarming increase in....
10)Nowadays more and more people begin to realize/be aware of/ the importance of the problem of education/pollution/unemployment.
11)We often find ourselves caught/involved in a dilemma whether we should reach
for the Aor for theB....
12)There is a growing worldwide awareness of the need for....
13)Recently the issue/problem of... has been in the limelight/brought into focus/brought to public attention/concern.
14)One of the (universal/pressing/burning/urgent) problems/issues we are faced with(confronting us) is that...
15)There is a long-running debate as to whether....
16)It is undeniable that ... has become the biggest concern of the present-day world.
17)This case has aroused echoes throughout the country,with more and more people following its lead,but ideas about it vary widely.
18)The discussion about whether or not... is a very controversial one.There are
people on both sides of the argument who have strong feelings.
19)Some argue/hold that...,but others set forth a totally different argument about the
issue of...
20)The other side of the coin has voiced strong opposition saying that....
3.语法改错36句
1)Wecollegestudentshadenoughtimetotakeaparttimejob,nomatterhowbusywewere...
2)Ridingbicycleshadmoreadvantagesthantakingabus.
3)TherearesomanycountriesusingEnglishthatithadbeenregardedasaninternationallanguage.
4)TheeatinghabitofChinesepeoplehavechangedinthepastdecade.
5)Nowfruitsandvegetablescanbeseeneverywherewhenitisinseason.
6)Ifeelproudtocometoouruniversity.
7)TVnowplaysanimportantroleinourdailylife,Becausewecannotlivewithoutit.
8)Therearemanywaystocontactwithsociety.Forexample,joininclubs,takingparttimejobsandhelpingthepoor.
9)Ifnoelectricity,allactivitiessuchaswatchingTVandseeingmovieswillbeimpossible.
10)Sometimesteacherswillinformstudentsoftheheavyburdentheyhavetobear.
11)Someonebelievesthattheteacher'staskistogivestudentsknowledge,whichmaynotbetrue.
12)PeoplehavebeenfightingagainsttheinfluenceofTVcommercials,butitoftenprovesuseless.
13)TVpresentsuswithmanyusefulinformations.
14)Makingourcitiesgreenerisnotaneasywork.
15)Eachpeoplehashisownopportunities.
16)Bookknowledgeisimportant,butweshouldalsolearnsomethinginthesociety.
17)Iftherewerenoelectircpower,wewouldhavetodoeverythingbythehands.
18)Iftherewerenoelectricpower,factorywouldstopproducinggoods,car,busandtrainwouldstoprunning.
19)Afterfouryears,weallgraduatedfromcollegeandenteredsociety.
20)Manycollegestudentshaveastrongdesiretobeindependentontheirparents.
21)ThecomputerlikeTV,ithasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.
22)Obviously,ourcountrywouldstopdevelopifnoelectricity.
23)Ridingbicyclesconveniencesmywork.
24)Withouttelevision,peoplecan'tgetinformationwhichcomesfromotherpartsoftheworldimmediately.
25)Attheageofsix,myfatherbegantogivemeEnglishlessons.
26)Toimproveone'swritingskill.regularpracticeisnecessary.
27)Withthecomputer,onecandoshopping,bankingandreadathome.
28)Nowadays,peoplenotonlyeatenoughfood,butalsoeatbetter.
29)Participatinginsportsisgoodforourphysicalhealth,andthroughitwecanalsotrainourcharacter.
30)Whilewereucethenumberofvehicles,thespeedoftrafficcanbeincreased.
31)Eachofusmaytakeaparttimejobtohelpsupportourselves,butifyouspendtoomuchtimeonit,yourstudywillbeaffected.
32)Becausesomecollegegraduatescouldnotfindabetterjob,sotheydecidedtocontinuetoreadforaseconddegree.
33)Althoughanopportunityisrare,butwemustbereadytoseizeit.
34)Inmyopinion,Ibelievethepresenteducationalsystemisinneedofreform.
35)Thereasonwhypeoplechoosetoliveinthecountryisbecausethereisnopollutionnornoisethere.
36)Peopletrytofindasolutiontosolvetheproblem.
三.小作文高分指南
1.格式:
书信格式:
(一)称呼
1)写给机构
不认识负责人:
认识负责人:
2)写给个人
关系不亲密:
关系亲密:
备注:
以上即为语域表现。
(2)正文
1)第一段:
(1)自我介绍
(2)写作目的:
2)第二段:
3句
(1)改写提纲一:
1句
(2)改写提纲二:
1句
(3)改写提纲三:
1句
3)第三段
(1)表示感谢(私人建议信除外)
(2)期待回信
4)结尾:
Directions:
YouarepreparingforanEnglishtestandareinneedofsomereferencebooks.Writealettertothesalesdepartmentofabookstoretoaskfor:
1.detailedinformationaboutthebooksyouwant,2.methodsofpayment,timeandwayofdelivery.
DearSirorMadam,
AsIamplanningtotaketheNationalEntranceTestofEnglishforMA/MSCandidates(NETEM),IhavedecidedtoplaceanorderofsomeNETEMbookswithdueconsiderationofthegoodreputationofyourbookstoreandthehighqualityofyourbooks.
Firstly,pleasegivemeparticularaccountsasregardsnames,authors,publishinghousesandpricesofthesebooks.Secondly,Ialsoneedtoknowthetermsofpaymentandafter-sellservice.Thirdly,IwonderifitisconvenientforyoutodeliverthesebooksbyEMStothemyschoolbySeptember1,2007.Ihavearrangedtopayfortheservice.
Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudeforyourkindconsiderationofmyrequests.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.
Yourssincerely,
LiMing
书面通知的格式:
1)标题:
在正文上面正中的地方写上NOTICE.除了notice外,还有征文启事:
ContributionsWanted,鸣谢:
Acknowledgments,事物招领:
Found,遗失启事:
Lost,招标启事:
InvitationforBids,迁移启事:
Removal,纳新启事:
RecruitmentAnnouncement。
2)正文:
包括具体的时间、地点、活动内容和注意事项。
3)单位:
发通知的单位一般写在正文的右下角。
有时也放于标题之上,起强调作用。
4)时间:
一般写在左下角。
提示:
书面通知语言比较规范,切忌使用模糊语言和俚语、俗语。
通知中常用第三人称,且被动语态使用较多。
NOTICE
ThesportsmeetingheldthisSaturdayhastobeputoffbecauseoftheheavyrain.AllstudentsarerequiredtocometoschoolonSaturdaymorningasusual,buttherewillbenoclassthatafternoon.Weatherpermitting,thesportsmeetingwillbeheldnextSaturdaymorning.Membersoftheschoolping-pongteammustcometothePing-pongHallat4:
30thisSaturdayafternoon.Ping-pongstarsfromWuhanwillcomeandgivespecialtrainingthen.
OfficeofPhysicalEducation
10thSeptember,2009
通知
由于近日连降大雨,我校原定本周六举行的运动会将作延期。
同学们周六早晨照常到校上课,周六下午停课。
如果天气允许的话,运动会将在下周六早晨举行。
学校乒乓球队的队员们,本周六下午4:
30到乒乓球大厅受训。
武汉的乒乓球健将们将为你们做专门指导。
校体育办公室
2009年9月10日
备忘录的格式:
- 配套讲稿:
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- 特殊限制:
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