综合英语2 unit 6.docx
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综合英语2 unit 6.docx
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综合英语2unit6
Unit6HowtoWriteaRottenPoemwithAlmostNoEffort
SectionOnePre-readingActivities
.AudiovisualSupplement
Watchthevideoclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.
Script:
Mr.Keating:
Keeprippinggentlemen.Thisisabattle,awar.Andthecasualtiescouldbeyourheartsandsouls.ThankyouMr.Dalton.Armiesofacademicsgoingforward,measuringpoetry.No,wewillnothavethathere.NomoreofMr.J.EvansPritchard.Nowinmyclassyouwilllearntothinkforyourselvesagain.Youwilllearntosavorwordsandlanguage.Nomatterwhatanybodytellsyou,wordsandideascanchangetheworld.IseethatlookinMr.Pitt’seye,likenineteenthcenturyliteraturehasnothingtodowithgoingtobusinessschoolormedicalschool.Right?
Maybe.Mr.Hopkins,youmayagreewithhim,thinking“Yes,weshouldsimplystudyourMr.Pritchardandlearnourrhymeandmeterandgoquietlyaboutthebusinessofachievingotherambitions.”Ihavealittlesecretforyou.Huddleup.Huddleup!
Wedon’treadandwritepoetrybecauseit’scute.Wereadandwritepoetrybecausewearemembersofthehumanrace.Andthehumanraceisfilledwithpassion.Medicine,law,business,engineering,theseareallnoblepursuits,andnecessarytosustainlife.Butpoetry,beauty,romance,love,thesearewhatwestayalivefor.ToquotefromWhitman:
“Ome,olifeofthequestionsoftheserecurring,oftheendlesstrainsofthefaithless,ofcitiesfilledwiththefoolish.Whatgoodamidthese,ome,olife?
”Answer:
thatyouarehere.Thatlifeexists,andidentity.Thatthepowerfulplaygoeson,andyoumaycontributeaverse.Thatthepowerfulplaygoesonandyoumaycontributeaverse.
Questions(在每个问题下面设置按钮,点击以后出现对应的答案)
1.Whyshouldstudentsofallmajorsstudypoetry?
2.Arestudents’expressionschangingwhentheyarelisteningtoMr.Keating’swords?
Answers
1.Becausepoetryhasuniversalvalue.Itstandsforhumanpassionandloveandthesearewhatwearelivingfor.
2.Yes,theyareallinspiredbyMr.Keating’sspeechaboutthemeaningofpoetry.
.CulturalBackground
AboutPoetry
1.HistoryofPoetry
●Someoftheearliestpoetryisbelievedtohavebeenorallyrecitedorsung,closelyrelatedtomusicaltraditions,andmuchofitcanbeattributedtoreligiousmovements:
rhythm,rhyme,compression,intensityoffeeling,theuseofrefrains.
●Followingthedevelopmentofwriting,poetryhassincedevelopedintoincreasinglystructuredforms.
Writtencompositionmeantpoetsbegantocomposeforanabsentreader.
●Muchpoetrysincethelate20thcenturyhasmovedawayfromtraditionalformstowardsthemorevaguelydefinedfreeverseandprosepoemformats.
2.Classification
Threemajorgenres:
●Epicpoetry:
alongstoryaboutbraveactionsandexcitingevents;
●Lyricpoetry:
morepersonal,shorterpoemsintendedtobesung;
●Dramaticpoetry:
comedyandtragedyassubgenres.
SectionTwoGlobalReading
.TextAnalysis
Modernlifeismoreaboutmaterialandtangiblegoodsthanaboutspiritpursuit.Wesetcleartargetsforourfuture,neglectingthatwearegraduallylosingonejoythathumankindusuallyhave:
thefunofspontaneity.Thewriterofthisessayremindsusthatpoetry,especiallycreatingpoems,canprovideussuchpleasure.Thoughthewriterofthisessaywritesinahalf-mockingtone,andthemethodheintroduceswillnotensureustocreateawonderful,orevenpresentablepoem,hisrealpurposeistomakethecreationofapoemlessdifficultthanwemayimagineandtoinduceamateurstosettheirfirststepsontheirjourneytoamoreaestheticlife.
.StructuralAnalysis
1.Intermsoforganization,thearticleclearlyfallsintothreemainparts:
Thefirstpart(Paragraphs1-3)introducestheproblemwithpoetryandthesignificanceofthewriter’ssolution.
Thesecondpart(Paragraphs4-9)introducesindetailhowpeoplecancreateapoemoftheirown.
Thethirdpart(Paragraphs10-12)servesastheendingoftheessay.Inthispart,thewriterreiterateshisintentionandmakeskitclearheisjustjokingbypresentingsuchamethodofcreatingapoem..
2.Themockingtoneoftheauthorismingledwithsomefairlyemotionalstatementswhichrevealhisrealloveofpoetry,e.g.
“Onceapersonhaswrittenapoem,ofwhateverquality,hewillfeelcomradeshipwithfellowpoetsand,hopefully,readtheirworks.Ideally,therewouldevolveaveritablesocietyofpoet-citizens,whichwouldelevatethequalityoflifeworldwide.Notonlythat,goodpoetscouldmakealivingforachange.”(Paragraph3)
“Butatleastit’sapoemandyou’vewrittenit,whichisanaccomplishmentthatrelativelyfewpeoplecanclaim.”(Paragraph10)
“Chancesare,you’llfindtheirofferingsstimulatingandrefreshing.Youmighteventrywritingsomemoreofyourownpoems,nowthatyou’vebrokentheice.Observeothers’emotionsandexperienceyourown—that’swhatpoetryisallabout.(Paragraph11)
III.RhetoricalFeatures
ApparentlysimplebutlucidEnglish,sometimesevenacolloquialspeechstyle,creatingtheeffectofaheart-to-hearttalkbetweenthewriterandthereader,e.g.
“Thelastlineofyourpoemshoulddealwiththefutureinsomeway.”(Paragraph8)
“Nowthatpoem(likeyours,whenyou’refinished)isrotten.”(Paragraph10)
SectionThreeDetailedReading
I.Text1
HowtoWriteaRottenPoemwithAlmostNoEffort
RichardHowey
1Soyouwanttowriteapoem.You’vehadarottendayoranastoundingthoughtoracaraccidentorasqualidloveaffairandyouwanttorecorditforalltime.Youwanttoorganizethoseemotionsthatarepoundingthroughyourveins.Youhavesomethingtocommunicateviaapoembutyoudon’tknowwheretostart.
2This,ofcourse,istheproblemwithpoetry.Mostpeoplefinditdifficulttowriteapoemsotheydon’teventry.What’sworse,theydon’tbotherreadinganypoemseither.Poetryhasbecomeanalmosttotallyforeignartformtomanyofus.Asaresult,seriouspoetseitherstarveorworkasaccountexecutives.Thereisnomiddleground.Goodpoetsandpoemsarelostforeversimplybecausethereisnomarketforthem,nopeoplewhowritetheirownverseandseekoutfurtherinspirationfromotherbards.
3Fortunately,thereisasolutionforthisproblem,asthereareforallimponderables.Theansweristomakeiteasyforeveryonetowriteatleastonepoeminhislife.Onceapersonhaswrittenapoem,ofwhateverquality,hewillfeelcomradeshipwithfellowpoetsand,hopefully,readtheirworks.Ideally,therewouldevolveaveritablesocietyofpoet-citizens,whichwouldelevatethequalityoflifeworldwide.Notonlythat,goodpoetscouldmakealivingforachange.
4So,tobegin,haveyourpaperready.Youmustfirstunderstandthatthepoemyouwriteherewillnotbebrilliant.Itwon’tevenbemediocre.Butitwillbebetterthan50%ofallsonglyricsandatleastequaltooneofRodMcKuen’sbestefforts.Youwillbeinstructedhowtowriteafour-linepoembutthebasicstructurecanberepeatedatwilltocreateworksofepiclength.
5Thefirstlineofyourpoemshouldstartandendwiththesewords:
“Inthe—ofmymind.”Themiddlewordofthislineisoptional.Anywordwilldo.Itwouldbebestnottouseawordthathasbeenoverdone,suchas“windmills”or“gardens”or“playground.”Justthinkofasmanynounsasyoucanandseewhatfitsbest.Theruleofthumbistopickanounthatseemstotallyoutofcontext,suchas“filingcabinet”or“radiator”or“parkinglot.”Justremember,themoreunusualthenoun,themoreprofoundtheimage.
6Thesecondlineshouldusetwoormoreofthehumansensesinaconflictingmanner,asperthefamous,“listentothewarm.”Thisisasurewaytoconjureup“poetic”feelingandatmosphere.Sincetherearefivedifferentsenses,thepossibilitiesareendless.Acouplethatcometomindare“seethenoise”and“touchthesound.”Ifmorecomplexityisdesiredothersensescanbeadded,asin“tastethecolorofmyhearing,”or“Icuddledyoursightinthearomaofthenight.”Rhyming,ofcourse,isoptional.
7Thethirdlineshouldbejustasimplestatement.Thisisusedtobreakuptheinsightfulimagesthathavebeenpresentedinthefirsttwolines.Thislineshouldbeasprosaicaspossibletogivea“down-to-earth”moodtothepoem.Anexamplewouldbe“shegavemejuiceandtoastthatmorning,”orperhaps“Ileftforworknextdayonthe8:
30bus.”Thecontentofthislinemayormaynotrelatetowhathasgonebefore.
8Thelastlineofyourpoemshoulddealwiththefutureinsomeway.Thisgivesthepoemaforwardthrustthatisalwayshelpful.Apossibilitymightbe,“tomorrowwillbeabetterday,”or“I’llfindsomeonesometime,”or“maybewe’llmeetagaininJuly.”Thisfuture-orientedendinglendsanauraofhopeandyetneednotbegrosslyoptimistic.
9Byfollowingtheabovestructure,anyonecanwriteapoem.Forexample,ifIselectoneeachofmysamplelines,Icomeupwith:
Intheparkinglotofmymind,
Icuddledyoursightinthearomaofthenight.
Ileftforworknextdayonthe8:
30bus.
Maybewe’llmeetagaininJuly.
10Nowthatpoem(likeyours,whenyou’refinished)isrotten.Butatleastit’sapoemandyou’vewrittenit,whichisanaccomplishmentthatrelativelyfewpeoplecanclaim.
11Nowthatyou’reapoet,feelfreetoreadpoetrybysomeofyourmoreaccomplishedbrothersandsistersinverse.Chancesare,you’llfindtheirofferingsstimulatingandrefreshing.Youmighteventrywritingsomemoreofyourownpoems,nowthatyou’vebrokentheice.Observeothers’emotionsandexperienceyourown—that’swhatpoetryisallabout.
12Incidentally,ifyoufinditimpossibletosellthepoemyouwritetoBobbyGoldsboroorJohnDenver,burnit.Itwilllookterri
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