高中英语定语从句讲解及练习.docx
- 文档编号:25038761
- 上传时间:2023-06-04
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:20
- 大小:25.21KB
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习.docx
《高中英语定语从句讲解及练习.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高中英语定语从句讲解及练习.docx(20页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
定语从句
定语从句也称为形容词性定语从句,用于修饰名词或代词。
而被修饰的名词或代词就是先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有which,that,who,whom,whose(作主语,宾语,表语等);引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why(作状语).
(一)which
which用于修饰表示事物的先行词,在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。
Eg:
Hewasreadingabookwhichwasaboutthewar.(主语)
Eg:
Hewasreadingabookwhichhehadboughtfromlondon.(宾语)
▲which引导非限定性定语从句可用于修饰整个主句。
Eg:
Hesetfreethebirdshappily,whichwasacelebrationforhissuccess.
(二)that
that的功能广泛,既可指人又可指物。
但是that不可用于引导非限定性定语从句。
(三)who,whom
who,whom都可修饰表示人的先行词。
who:
主语,宾语
whom:
宾语,介词+whom
Eg:
Thevisitorwho/thatcomeyesterdayisTom.(做主语不可用whon)
FirstcameMarywhom/who/thatfewofushadexpected.(做宾语可用who,that,whom)
It’sJohntowhomyoushouldaddresstherequest.(介词+whom)
=It’sJohnwhom/that/whoyoushouldaddresstherequestto.(介词不在引导词前,所以可用who,that)
只能用that而不能用which的情况:
1先行词是不定代词(如all,nothing,anything等)或先行词被不定代词修饰时。
Eg:
ThatisallthatIknow.
2先行词被序数词,形容词最高级,theonly,thelast等修饰时。
Eg:
ThefirstEnglishthatIreadwasCities.
3先行词既有人又有物时。
Eg:
Thescientistsandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.
4.当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.
Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?
Whichisthepenthatyoulost?
5当关系代词在从句中作表语时。
Chinaisnot thecountrythatitwas.
6当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。
That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow. Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.
只能有which,不能用that的情况:
1关系代词前有介词
Eg:
ThehouseinwhichIliveisverylarge.
但若介词不放在关系代词前,which与that可互换。
=Thehousethat/whichweliveinisverylarge.
2先行词为“those+表事物的复数名词”时。
Eg:
Studentsshouldkeepinmindthoseregulationswhichrestricttheirbehavior.
3先行词本身为that. Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.
4在非限制性定语从句中。
HisEnglish,whichusedtobepoor,isexcellentnow.
(四)whose
whose一般至于名词前,在从句中做定语。
Eg:
GeorgeOrwell,whoserealnamewasEricArthur,wrotemanyessays.
(五)when;where
其实在考试中容易出错的地方是关于when与which,where与which的区别。
只要记住一个黄金法则:
若引导词在从句中做的成分是主语或宾语,就选用which;若是做状语,则用when或where.
Eg:
1.Thepark,whichIlikeverymuch,isdamaged.
2.Thepark,whereIplaywithJane,isdamaged.
3.I’llneverforgetthedaywhichwespenttogether.
4.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.
(六)why表原因,多跟在thereason之后。
Eg:
That’sthereasonwhyIwantedtoleave.
关系副词一般可用介词+which替代,why=forwhich,而when,where的变换形式比较灵活,得看具体情况。
Eg:
I’llneverforgetthedaywhenImeethim.
=I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichImeethim.
(七)as为特殊关系词
1.as引导非限定性定语从句时先行词也可为整个从句,有时可与which替换。
但as引导的从句位置灵活,可位于句首,句中,句末。
而which引导的从句不可置于句首。
Eg:
Thewomanwasfrombeijing,as/whichtheyknewfromheraccent.
Asweallknow,Jimisamadman.
2.as有一些固定搭配。
Eg:
asiswellknown众所周知;ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述
3.as引导限定性定语从句有thesame…as…(和……一样),such…as…(像……一样,像……之类)这两个固定搭配。
Eg:
SuchEnglishasisspokenhereisnotBritishEnglish.这里讲的英语不是英式英语。
(主语)
Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.我喜欢的书和你所喜欢的一样。
(宾语)
Heisnotthesamemanashewas.他已不是过去那个样子了。
(表语)
小结:
做关于定语从句的练习时关键是要先找出先行词,接着要判断引导词在从句中所做的成分,在平常的学习中还要不断积累一些关于引导词的特殊用法,如that。
做完题后要记得把句子读一遍,看其是否通顺,翻译成中文的话符不符合逻辑等。
总之,做题靠的是胆大心细。
Exercise1:
1.Thesciencemuseum,()wevisitedduringarecenttrip,isverycharming.
AwhichBwhatCthatDwhere
2.Thesciencemuseum()ImetLily,isverycharming.
AwhichBwhatCthatDwhere
3.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,()weremadeofsmalldiamonds.
AthehandsofwhomBwhomthehandsofCwhichthehandsofDthehandsofwhich
4.Thefamousbasketballstar()triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.
AwhereBwhomCwhichDwho
5.Ihavemanyfriends()somearebusinessmen.
AofthemBfromwhichCwhoofDofwhom
注意区别定语从句与强调句。
①定语从句中关系词作从句成分,复合句。
②强调it无意义,that/who不是引导词。
③强调itis/was和that/who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句,讲不通则不是。
Itisthemuseumthat/whichwevisitedlastyear.(定语从句)
Itwasinthehotelthatwestayedlastnight.(强调句)
定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
①定语从句引导词被称为关系词,that充当主语、宾语、表语。
有时可省略。
②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词,that不能充当任何成分,不可省。
Wordcamethattheirarmywasdefeated.(同位语)
Weexpressedtothemourwishthatwasthesameastheir.(定语)
定语从句专练160题
1.Weshouldlearnfromthose___arealwaysreadytohelpothers.
A.whoB.whomC.theyD.that
2.Mr.Herpinisoneoftheforeignexpertswho___inChina.
A.worksB.isworkingC.areworkingD.hasbeenworking
3.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho___toShanghai.
A.havegoneB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.hadgone
4.I,___yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whicham
5.Theoldmanhastwosons,___arelawyers.
A.bothofthemB.bothofwhoC.bothofwhomD.bothofthey
6.Heisamanofgreatknowledge,___muchcanbelearned.
A.inwhomB.aboutwhomC.fromwhomD.ofwhom
7Doyouknowtheman___justnow?
A.towhoInoddedB.Inoddedto
C.whomInoddedD.WhomInoddedtohim.
8.Theman___hasgonetoJapan.
A.whomItoldyouB.thatItoldyou
C.whomItoldyouabouthimD.Itoldyouabout
9.Pleasepassmethedictionary___coverisblack.
A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whichof
10.Theradioset___lastweekhasbeenoutoforder.
A.IboughtB.IboughtitC.whichIboughtitD.whatIbought
11.Alltheapples___felldownfromthetreewereeatenupbythepigs.
A.whichB./C.thatD.they
12.Icantellyou___hetoldmelastweek.
A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.allthat
13.Thisisthebiggestlab___wehaveeverbuiltinouruniversity.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
14.Isoxygentheonlygas___helpsfireburn?
A.thatB./C.whichD.what
15.Air,___webreatheeveryday,isaroundusallthetime.
A.thatB./C.whichD.it
16.Thisisthemuseum____wesawanexhibitiontheotherday.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat
17.Thismuseumis___youvisitedtheotherday.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.theone
18.Thisisthemuseum___yousawtheotherday.
A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat
19.Itisthethirdtime___latethismonth.
A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrived
C.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived
20.Itwasin1969___theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.
A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.when
21.Weoftenthinkofthedays___wespenttogetherontheisland.
A.whenB.whichC.inwhichD.duringwhich
22.HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai,____Ilefttenyearsago?
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when
23.HehasleftBeijing,___ameetingistobeheld.
A.whenB.whereC.asD.which
24.Thisistheveryplace___I’mwishingtolivein.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.inwhich
25.Isitinthatfactory_____”RedFlag”carsaremade?
A.inwhichB.whereC.thatD.which
26.Ihaveboughtthesamedress____sheiswearing.
A.asB.thatC.whichD.than
27.Canyousolvesuchproblems___raisedbytheaudience?
A.whatwereB.aswereC.thatwereD.whichwere
28.Thereason___hedidn’tcomewas____hewasinjured.
A.that,becauseB.why,thatC.why,becauseD.that,that
29.HemustbefromAfrica,____canbeseenfromhisskin.
A.thatB.asC.itD.what
30.Hisfatherdiedlastyear,____madeitimpossibleforhimtogoabroad.
A.whenB.whichC.asD.that
31.___isnatural,hemarriedMary.
A.ItB.WhatC.WhichD.As
32.Thebuses,____werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.
A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.whichmostD.thatmost
33.All___isneededisasupplyofoil.
A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which
34.Hepaidtheboy10dollarsforwashingtenwindows,mostof___hadnotbeencleanedforyears.
A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which
35.Sheheardaterriblenoise,___broughtherheartintohermouth.
A.itB.whichC.thisD.that
36.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.
A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom
37.Thisisoneofthemeans____theelecticenergyisconductedfromoneplacetoanother.
A.bywhichB.bythatC.throughwhichD.throughthat
38.Theplace___youaregoingtovisitistheruinofaplace.
A.inwhichB.atwhichC.whereD.which
39.Thelastriver___theycrossedistwomileswide.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.inwhich
40.TheSummerPalaceisoneofthemostbeautifulparks____builtintheQingDynasty.
A.wherewereB.wherewasC.thatwereD.whichwas
41.Thefactory___Iamgoingtoistheplace___mymotherusedtoworkmanyyearsago.
A.where,whereB.where,whichC.which,whereD.that,which
42.Don’ttrustsuchmen____overpraiseyoutoyourface.
A.asB.thatC.whoD.which
43.Theprofessorhastwosons,___areteachinginthesameuniversity.
A.neitherofthemB.eitherofthemC.bothofthemD.bothofwhom
44.Don’tdosuchthings___youarenotsureabout.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.what
45.Roberisgoodatlanguage,____weallknow.
A.becauseB.forC.asD.since
46.Chinahashundredsofislands,____weallknow.
A.inwhichB.atwhichC.ofwhichD.which
47.Shewrotealettertoherfather,___shemadehersecretknown.
A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.where
48.Oxygenisakindofgas,___wecouldn’tlive.
A.withoutitB.withoutthatC.withoutwhichD.ifnot
49.Matterisanything____
A.thattakeupspaceandhaveweightB.whichtakeupspaceandhaveweight
C.thattakesupspaceandhasweightD.thosetakeupspaceandhaveweight
50.Ihavemanybooks,thebest____wasborrowedbyMary.
A.aboutthemB.ofwhichC.amongthemD.inwhich
51.Sheshowedmetheditionary___shepaidalotofmoney.
A.bywhichB.towhichC.forwhichD.onwhich
52.AbrahamLincolnisaman___Ihavethegreatestrespect.
A.whoB.towhomC.whomD.forwhom
53.Edisonhadonesuit___verylittlemoney,andwhichheworeuntilitwasthin.
A.whichcostB.whichcostsC.whichwascostD.whichhascosted
54.Thepeople___inthepaperdidnotlikeit,butotherreaderlikeditverymuch.
A.whowaswrittenB.whowerewritten
C.whowerewrittenaboutD.whomwerewrittenabout
55.Finally,thethiefha
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高中英语 定语 从句 讲解 练习