本科毕业设计从《嘉莉妹妹》女主人公的悲剧分析美国的拜金主义英语专业定稿.docx

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本科毕业设计从《嘉莉妹妹》女主人公的悲剧分析美国的拜金主义英语专业定稿

山西农业大学信息学院

本科毕业论文

从《嘉莉妹妹》女主人公的悲剧分析美国的拜金主义

系部名称：

山西农业大学信息学院

专业名称：

英语

学生姓名：

李琼

学号：

2012600404

指导教师：

牛志萍

二○一六年六月

BACHELOR'SDEGREETHESIS

OFCISAU

AnAnalysisoftheMoneyWorshipoftheUnitedStates:

TheRootofSisterCarrie’sTragedy

College：

CollegeofInformation,ShanxiAgriculturalUniversity

Subject：

EnglishMajor

Name：

LiQiong

Number：

2012600404

Director：

NiuZhiping

June2016

郑重申明

本人呈交的学位论文，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，所有数据、图片资料真实可靠。

尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本学位论文的研究成果不包含他人享有著作权的内容。

对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人和集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明。

本学位论文的知识产权归属于培养单位

本人签名:

日期：

摘要

在一个时代，经济发展的水平决定该时代人们的精神高度，而人们的精神追求也反映一个时代经济发展的阶段。

在西奥多·德莱赛生活的19世纪末20世纪初的美国，正处于商品经济发展的上升阶段，唯物主义渐渐占据上风。

琳琅满目的商品点缀的人们的生活，增加了他们的幸福感，但同时盲目追求这种“幸福感”也使人们的心灵逐渐“病化”。

嘉丽作为这个时期典型的代表人物，充分体现了社会底层的人们在面对物质满足时道德约束渐渐处于劣势。

在嘉丽的经历中，她内心的变化就是对这个时代经济发展水平最好的反映。

她一个人来到芝加哥大都市，从衣着破旧的乡下小姑娘到最终成为了百老汇明星，身份，地位应有俱有，看似嘉丽是幸福的，但嘉丽在得到物质享受的同时却也一直在失去，如每个女孩子渴望的忠贞不渝、天长地久的爱情，以及内心道德的自我满足。

本文就嘉丽的悲情为线索，从嘉丽出生的悲剧、爱情的悲剧及个人发展的悲剧分析当时导致嘉丽心境变化的拜金主义。

关键词：

西奥多·德莱赛;嘉莉妹妹;欲望;物质追求;拜金主义

ABSTRACT

Inanerainwhicheconomicdevelopmentdeterminesthelevelofthespiritofthetimes,people'sspiritualquestalsoreflectsthestageofeconomicdevelopment.Inthelate19centuryandearly20thcenturyoftheUnitedStates,thecommodityeconomywasdevelopinginupswing,materialismprevailing.Dazzlingarrayofmerchandiseembellishedpeople'slives,increasedtheirsenseofwell-being,butatthesametimetheblindpursuitofthis"happiness"alsomakespeoplebecomemorbid.Carrieasatypicalrepresentativeofthisperiodfullyembodiestheunderprivilegedpeoplewhosewastestedwhentheyfacedthesatisfactionofmaterialism.ThechangeofSisterCarriegreatlyreflectedthelevelofeconomicdevelopmentofthisera.She,acountrygirlwithraggedandold-fashionedclothes,cametothecityofChicago,ultimatelybecameaBroadwaystar,whoownedidentityandstatus.ItseemedthatCarriewashappy,Carriegetmaterialcomforts,butalsolostsomething,suchaseverlastinglovethateverygirlconstantlylongedfor,andinnermoralself-satisfaction.ThispaperwillanalyzeCarrie’stragedyfromthreeaspects:

thetragedyofherhumblebirth,thetragedyofherlove,andthetragedyofherpersonalpursuits,soastoexploretheMoneyWorshipoftheUS’sinfluenceonherlife.

Keywords:

TheodoreDreiser;SisterCarrie;Desires;PursuitofMaterial;

MoneyWorship

Table of Contents

摘要ii

ABSTRACTiii

I.Introduction3

1.1ProjectBackgroundandSignificance3

1.2TheMainContentofthePaper3

1.3OrganizationalStructureofthePaper4

II.AtHomeandAbroadResearchStatusofSisterCarrie5

2.1TheResearchStatusofSisterCarrieAtHome6

2.2TheResearchStatusofSisterCarrieAbroad6

III.AnalysisofCarrie'sTragedyComposition7

3.1TheTragedyofCarrie’sHumbleBackground8

3.2TheTragedyofCarrie’sLove9

3.3TheTragedyofCarrie’sPersonalPursuit11

IV.TheInfluenceofMoneyWorshiponCarrie’sTragedy12

3.1HumbleBackgroundVSMoneyWorshipoftheUnitedStates13

3.2TrueLoveVSMoneyWorshipoftheUnitedStates14

3.3PersonalPursuitVSMoneyWorshipoftheUnitedStates15

V.Conclusion17

References20

Acknowledgments21

I.Introduction

1.1ProjectBackgroundandSignificance

TheodoreDreiserisoneofthefamousAmericannaturalisticwritersofthe20thcentury.Dreiserlivedinapoorfamily,sohedroppedoutathighschooltoearnaliving.HewasinfluencedbyprogressiveideasbecausehereadDarwin,Huxleyetal.'swork.Tosurvive,Dreiserworkedasdishwasher,tellers,laundryworkersandfurnituresalesmanandotherchores.In1900,DreiserpublishedthefirstnovelSisterCarrie.HedescribesthedisillusionmentofhappinessthatCarriepursued,andcriticizedthedarknessofthecapitalisticsociety.HepointedoutthathonestlaboringisnowaytobesuccessfulintheUnitedStates,butbybetrayingone’ssoul,couldwegetmoneyandstatus.TheodoreDreiserstressedthedesireandenvironmentarethemainfactorsthataffectedthefateofthecharacters.Forinstance,Carrieisthebestmodel.

ThesubjectofmygraduationpaperisAnAnalysisoftheMoneyWorshipoftheUnitedStates:

TheRootofSisterCarrie’sTragedy.SisterCarrietellsthestoryofayounggirlwholivedinthebottomofthesocietyandatlastbecameaBroadwaystar.Carrieshowsthegrowingdesireinthiscourse.Inthismaterialisticage,everywhereisfulloftemptation;eachofuscouldbethenextSisterCarrie.Couldwekeepaclearmind,andholdthebottommorallineinthematerialisticsociety?

ThispaperattemptstoanalyzethetragedyofSisterCarrie,andrevealthatmoneyworshipexertedgreatinfluenceonpeople’scharacterandlifesoastogivemodernpeopleenlightenment.

1.2TheMainContentofthePaper

ThispapertellsastorythatacountrygirlwhowaslivedinthecapitalistsocietybecameaBroadwaystaratlast.Carriewasagirlfromapoorfamily,becauseshewasdrivenbytheWorshipofMoney,sheusedunfairmeanstogetsuccess.ItwasseemedthatCarriewashappy,butshedidn'tgetthetruelove,andshehaslostfamilymembers.ThethirdpartandthefourthpartintroducedthecauseofthetragedyofCarrieindetail.ThethirdpartintroducedthetragedyofCarriefromthreeaspects,theyarethetragedyofCarrie’shumblebackground,thetragedyofCarrie’sloveandthetragedyofCarrie’spersonalpursit.ThefourthpartistheanalysisoftheinfluenceofMoneyWorshiponCarrie’stragedy.

Therefore,researchmethodsusedinthistopicare:

（1）versionoftheliteratureresearch:

tosolvetheirownproblemsbasedonthedataobtainedthroughinvestigationandinformation,soastofullyandcorrectlygraspthebackgroundknowledgeandtheorytosolvetheproblem.

（2）:

thequalitativeanalysisandsynthesis,abstractionandgeneralizationmethods,thinkingofallkindsofmaterialsprocessingaccesstodoso,theinneressenceofthings,tounderstandandrevealtheinherentregularity.

1.3OrganizationalStructureofthePaper

ThisarticlemainlyanalyzeCarrie’stragedythroughthenovel“SisterCarrie”makingaconclusionthattheinfluenceofMoneyWorshiponpeopleatthattime.Inordertoexpressthecontentofthisarticleverywell,thearticleisdividedintofiveparts.

Thefirstchaptermainlyintroducestheresearchbackgroundandscientificsignificanceandthestructureofthispaper.

Thesecondchaptermainlyintroducesdomesticandforeignresearchstatusof“SisterCarrie".

ThethirdchaptermainlyanalysesthetragedyofCarriefromthreeaspects:

thetragedyoftheCarrie’sbirth,thetragedyofCarrie’sloveandthetragedyofCarrie’spersonalpursuit.

Theforthchaptercombiningthecontentsofthethirdchapter,describestherelationshipbetweenCarrie’stragediesandthemoneyworshipoftheUnitedStates.

Thefifthchaptermakesasummaryofthisarticle.

II.AtHomeandAbroadResearchStatusofSisterCarrie

SisterCarrieisthefamousnaturalistwriterTheodoreDreiser'sfirstnoveloftheUnitedStatesinthe20thcentury.Theauthorrevealedtherealityofthe20thcenturyAmericainauniquevisionbyCarrie'sstory.Peopleenjoyedthehappinessthatmaterialsatisfactionbroughttothemandblindlychasedit.DomesticandforeignscholarshadalotofresearchonSisterCarrie.Thischaptermainlyintroducesthedomesticandforeignscholar’sstudiesonthemoneyworshipoftheUnitedStates’sinfluenceonSisterCarrie’slife.

2.1TheResearchStatusofSisterCarrieAtHome

DomesticscholarsWeiJingJingexploresthecauseofCarrie'sdesirecombiningwiththetheoryofMaslow'shierarchyofneedsfromCarriebehaviorcharacteristicsandpsychologicalfactors.ShebelievesthateveryonehasadreamjustlikeCarriewhohadbeenlookingforwardtoagoal.Thekeyofthedesireliesinthedesireforachievement.

GaoYufenthroughtheanalysisofSisterCarrieandothers,especiallytherelationshipbetweenSisterCarrieandtwomen,DrewandHurstwood,revealsthecharacterofSisterCarriewhoselifehasneverbeensatisfied.WiththehelpofDrew,sheachievedthefirstgoal:

stablemateriallife,andthen,HurstwoodhelpedCarrierealizethesecondgoal:

greatermaterialwealth.Afterthat,shestartedchasingthethirdgoal:

thepursuitofthespirit.Shehasalwaysbeenchasinganewgoalallthetime.

2.2TheResearchStatusofSisterCarrieAbroad

Currentresearchesinforeigncountrieson"SisterCarrie"aremainlyconfinedtoliterarycriticism,moralphilosophyandculturalfields.MickeyClarksaid:

TheodoreDreiserequatedthecitytothedesire.Adetaileddescriptionofthecityhedescribednotappearedbefore.Dreiser'scitylifeisthelargestrecordoftheUnitedStates.Thecityrepresentstheseparationofpeopleandself-sufficientworld,theordercreatedbythenaturalorderofpower.（Clark1967:

35-38）

Carrie’schoicewasbecausetheevilinfluenceofAmericansociety.Thecitytoruralareashaveadecisivevictory.Duringthisperiod,Carrielefttheruralareas,wentinChicagoworldtogetsuccess.Shecangetluxuryfashionandluxury,buttheseonlybyaroadofcrime.

PhilosopherMartinHeideggersaidthattheessenceoftheneweraisnon-apotheosis;Godfromtheworldwilldisappear，andscienceandtechnologywillmakepeoplelosetheirspiritualhomeland.Carrieisinsuchastateofmind.（Song1991:

57-59）

III.AnalysisofCarrie'sTragedyComposition

SisterCarrievividlydescribedduringthe20thcenturyoftheUnitedStatesthatobsessedwithmaterialcomforts,peopleinthepursuitofmaterialenjoymentlostthemselves.Carrieasarepresentativeofthisperiod,changedfromacountrygirlintoaBroadwaystar.ItseemedthatC