最新新概念英语3第一课.docx
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最新新概念英语3第一课.docx
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最新新概念英语3第一课
Lesson 01A Puma at large逃遁的美洲狮
Newwordsandexpression生词和短语
学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的,要把单词放在语句中体会其应用
学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里
puman.美洲狮
spotv.看出,发现
=see,pick out,recognize,catchsight of强调结果,辨别出,看见,识别,发现
--A tall man is easy to spot in the crowd.
--He has good eye for spotting mistakes.
同意词:
--find:
强调发现的结果/find out:
查出事实真相
--discover:
做出重大发现/notice:
注意到
--observe:
观察/watch:
观察活动中的人或画面
Spotn.斑点
--There is a white spot on the shirt.
on the spot有两个含义:
1>立刻,马上(at once,immediately)
--Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot.
2>at the place of the action在现场
--Wherever she is needed,she is quickly on the spot.
Evidencen.证据(不可数名词)
Evidentadj.明显的,显然的/evidentlyadv.明显地,显然
Evidence=proof(n.证据)
--When the police arrived,he had already destroyed the evidence.
in evidence显而易见的
--He was in evidence at the party.
Accumulatev.积累,积聚(强调积累的过程)
--As the evidence accumulates,experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate.
Gathervt.聚集,把某人召集在某处
--Theteachergatheredhisstudentsintheclass
Collectvt.搜集,采集
--Doyoucollectstamps?
Yes,Icollectstampsasmyhobby.(n.业余爱好)
Assemblev.集合,集会/装配
--Alargenumberofpeopleassembleonthesquare.
Hoardvt.大量的储存(--hoard up=store up储藏)
--The squirrel hoards up nuts for the cold winter(squirreln.松鼠)(nutn.坚果)
amassvt.积聚(主要用于诗歌和文学作品)
--Thecloudsamassedabovethehills
Obligev.使…感到必须
feel obliged to do sth感觉有必要做某事
--Ifeelobligedtosaynotohisdemand(n.要求,需要)
be obliged to do sth被迫做某事
--Theywereobligedtoselltheircartopaytheirdebtsoff.(debtn.债务)
huntv.n.追猎,寻找(hunt for)
--TheexpertsfromLondonzoobegantohunt(v.)forapuma.
--Thehunt(n.)forthepumaprovedthedifficult.(provevt.证明,证实)
search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物
--Thepoliceweresearchingtheforestforthemissingboy.
run after强调追赶,追求
--look,adogisrunningafteracat
--whatareyourunafterinyourlife
seek=pursue v.追寻(理想)
chasev.追赶(--Theyarechasingathief/Theyarerunningafterathief)
blackberryn.黑莓/berryn.浆果
human being人类
cornerv.使走投无路,使陷入困境作为动词,经常使用被动语态
--The thief was cornered at last
--The problem cornered me.
cornern.角落
--at the corner of the street--in the corner of the room--on the corner of the desk
Trailn.一串,一系列
trailvt.跟踪,追踪(=follow)
--The police trailed the criminal to the place where he was hiding(criminaln.罪犯)
Printn.印痕
Clingv.粘(clung,clung,clinging)
--She is always clinging to her mother.
--He clung to the hope that he would succeed.他怀有成功的希望
stick v.粘住(--sticktheenvelop)n.信封
stick to 坚持(--sticktotheplan/sticktoone’spromise)n.许诺
sticky adj.粘的(--stickyfingers)
convincev.使…信服
1>convince sbof sth--Iconvincehimofmyhonesty.(n.诚实,正直)我使他相信我的诚实。
2>be convincedthat…--Iamconvincedthatsheishonestgirl.(adj.诚实的,正直的)
somehowadv.不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因
=by some means,in some way,for some reason unknown
--I’llgetthebookbacksomehow.无论如何我要把这本书取回来。
--Igotlostsomehow不知怎么搞地,我迷失了。
Somewhatadv.稍微,有点,有些(=a little)
--ThepriceissomewhathigherthanIexpect.(highadj.高的)
disturbv.令人不安
disturbingadj.令人不安的/disturbedadj.感到不安的
surprisingadj.令人惊讶的/surprisedadj.感到惊讶的
excitingadj.令人激动的/excitedadj.感到激动的
wildadj.野性的,野生的
investigatev.调查,研究
descriptionn.描写,描述
extraordinarilyadv.特别地,非常地,格外
similaradj.相似的,类似的
attackvt.攻击
difficultadj.困难的,艰难的difficultyn.困难,难点
rabbitn.兔,野兔
pawn.手掌,手爪
furn.毛皮,毛,软毛
bushn.矮树丛
fullyadv.充分地,完全地
collectorn.收藏家,征收者
Text课文
at large逃遁的,没有被控制的--Thethiefisstillatlarge
atlarge详细地(=in detail)n.细节,详情--Ineedtalktoyouatlarge
atlarge总体来讲(=as a whole)
--ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.(hungryadj.饥饿的,渴望的)
Where must the puma have come from?
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.
在英文的表达方式中,首先呈现给读者的是结果(和中文不同)
英文擅长用长句,中文擅长用短句。
--Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia.(pandan.熊猫)
cat-like猫一样的,偷偷摸摸的/dog-like狗一样的/life-like栩栩如生的
When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles
south of London, they were not taken seriously.
一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面,但为了保持句子平衡,也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前
1>定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰
--定语从句的引导词:
--指人:
主语who;宾语who,whom;定语 whose
--指物:
that(也可以指人)/which
--时间状语:
when/地点状语:
where/原因状语:
why
2>同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容
--同位语从句的引导词:
--名词(做主语、宾语等):
关系词用that而不是which
--时间:
when; 地点:
where
--定语从句中没有what这个关系词,但what可以引导同位语从句
--An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
--I have no idea what has happened to him。
they were not taken seriously(they指代reports)
take sthseriously=deal with sthseriously认真地对待某事
--Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsseriously.
take sthlightly草率地对待某事(lightlyadv.轻率地)
--Don’ttakethehotpotatolightly(hotpotaton.棘手的问题)
However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to
investigate,for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were
extraordinarily similar.
Howeveradv.然而(起转折作用)
As连词:
随着,当...之时
过去分词做定语:
--thedescriptionsgivenbypeople
--thestorytoldbythesailor(n.海员,水手,船员)
--abookwrittenbyLuxun
claim to have done sth声称曾经做过某事
--Heclaimedtohavebeenthemanagerofthelargeshop.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw
'a large cat' only five yards away from her.
Whereawomanpicking…定语从句
--I still remember the school where I studied English.
It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack
a human being unless it is cornered.
Confirm=be sure=be certain(confirmvt.确定)
Unlessitiscornered=ifitisnotcornered(unlessconj.如果不,除非)
--Hewillacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.
The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning
and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.
search=hunt
Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
把某物留在后面:
leave behind
--Whereverhewent,thewoundleftbehindhimatrailofblood.(n.血)
Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.
英文表达方式习惯用被动语态,突出客观事实。
而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。
puma fur was found clinging to bushes.(被动)
→Wefoundthepumafurclingingtobushes.(主动)
--clingingtobushes是现在分词短语做宾补
Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip
saw the puma up a tree.
complain of/about sth抱怨某事
on+名词:
强调动作正在进行
--on the rise在上升/on the increase在增加
--on the watch在观看/on the match在比赛中
--on the fishing trip在钓鱼的途中/on holiday在度假
The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come
from?
Fully(adv.充分地,完全地)=completely=entirely
As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have
been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.
sthbein the possession of sb=sthbein sb's possession某物归某人所有(主语是物)
--The beautiful car is in my possession.=Thebeautifulcarisin the possession of me.
Sbbein possession of sth某人拥有某物(主语是人)
--I am in possession of the beautiful car.(inpossessionof…做表语)
--The person in possession of the big house is excited.(inpossessionof…做定语)
take possession of…拥有…
The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught.
Wenton=lasted(lastvi.继续,持续)
It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
It is disturbing to think that...一想到…就心理不安
--It is disturbing to think thatIfailmyexamination
in the quiet countryside在宁静的山村
Specialdifficulties难点
Exercises A
1. at/for2. to3. to4. in5. on
Exercises B
1. He is the man we have heard about so much.
2. The shelf you put those books on has collapsed.(vi.倒塌,崩溃,瓦解)
3.Whom did you receive a letter from?
特殊疑问句中whom 不能省略(本句)。
定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略。
省略时,介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前,只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。
固定的动词短语
look for:
寻找(去掉for后look没有寻找的意思,所以介词for不能前置)
非固定的动词短语
look at:
注视
live in:
居住(去掉in后live仍有居住的意思,所以介词in可以前置)
This is the old house in which he lived.=This is the old house he lived in.
4.This is the road we came by?
5.Where is the pencil you were playing with?
Multiplechoicequestions多项选择
1…正确答案:
Dincommonadv.共有(替换了similar)
2…正确答案:
B
A)只是一个具体的特定的事列,阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意B) large cat
persuadev.说服,劝说
3…答案正确:
C
做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意。
文章最后一句话总结了大意
句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键
4…答案正确:
C
Make的用法:
make somebody do(在主动语态中不定式的符号to应该省略)
be made to do(被动语态中不定式的符号to必须补充完整)
--Theymadeherwaitforhours.→Shewasmadetowaitforhours.
5…答案正确:
D
A)把say改成claim就对了(--People claimed to have seen the puma.)
D)清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系
6…正确答案:
B
原句中的 when引导的时间状语从句表示:
-...就…(as soon as)
被动:
Onbeingobserved,itimmediatelyranaway.
主动:
On observing her,it immediately ran away.
Onseeingme,hewavedtome.
7…正确答案:
D
except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配(也可是when/if引导的从句形式)
unless=if...not=except on the condition that…
when=if
--…exceptwhentheyarecornered.=…exceptiftheyarecornered.
--Wheneveryoucome,youarewelcome.=Ifeveryoucome,youarewelcome.
8…正确答案:
D
A)must be只是对客观现实的推测,时态不一致
--对于过去事实推测一定要用:
情态动词+have+过去分词
9…正确答案:
C
on more than=nothingmorethan=only/within=not more than
10…正确答案:
B
in a corner偷偷摸摸地,暗中地,秘密地
in a trap落于陷阱中
atanangle不正的,倾斜的(anglen.角,角度,角落,墙角,棱角)
undercover在遮蔽处,秘密地,暗中
11...正确答案:
B
fishes for pleasure钓鱼消遣travelforpleasure外出游玩readforpleasure阅读消遣
12…onone'sownadv.独自地,独立地,主动地(=alone)
forone'sownbenefit为了某人自己的利益
§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆puma n.美洲狮
◆spot v.看出,发现
◆evidence n.证据
◆accumulate v.积累,积聚
◆oblige
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