高中英语非谓语动词的命题设计模式与解题策略.docx
- 文档编号:24996606
- 上传时间:2023-06-03
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:18
- 大小:26.52KB
高中英语非谓语动词的命题设计模式与解题策略.docx
《高中英语非谓语动词的命题设计模式与解题策略.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高中英语非谓语动词的命题设计模式与解题策略.docx(18页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高中英语非谓语动词的命题设计模式与解题策略
2019-2020年高中英语非谓语动词的命题设计模式与解题策略
【模式1】名词+不定式(介词)(作定语)
【策略】1、把握不定式动词的性质,要不要介词;
2、把握不定式的逻辑主语,确定主、被动语态。
3、理论指导:
当句子的主语为不定式的逻辑主语时用主动形式。
①Iwantsomethingtoeat.(Ieat.)
②Iwantaroomtolivein.(Iliveintheroom.)
③TomorrowIwillgotoBeijing,doyouhaveanythingtobetaken?
【模式2】不定式的省略(to)
【策略】1、无论肯定或否定,保留到to;
2、如果不定式为被动式或完成式,则保留到be/have.
①--Wouldyouliketogowithme?
--I’dliketo,butIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.
②Tommylikedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheralwaystoldhimnotto.
③--Ididn’ttellherthebadnews.–Oh,yououghttohave.
【模式3】只带to
【策略】1、部分动词的记忆(从不认识的单词开始,动词略);2、序数词+不定式
①HepretendednottoseemewhenIsaidhitohiminthestreet.
②LaoWangisahard-workingman.Heisalwaysthefirsttoeandthelasttoleave.
【模式4】带不带to
【策略】1、从不带to入手,注意例外;
2、理论指导:
①使役动词(let,make,have等后省to;★get后带to);②感官动词(see,watch,notice,listen,hear,feel等后省to);③but(to)do/except(to)do(谓语部分含实意动词的do则省to;无则带to。
);④why(not)do(wh-词后接不定式的特例)。
说明:
参考答案为斜体,下同。
①Sometimesourteachers____ustodomuchhomework.(let/make/have/get)
②Todaymorning,Ihadnothingtodobut(except)___(tosleep/sleep)allmorning.
③Inwinter,someanimalshavenochoicebut(except)___(tohibernate/hibernate).
④Whynotjoinusinthediscussion?
⑤Ioftenhearhimsingthissong.(Hewasoftenheardtosingthissong.)
【模式5】表示动作的目的(to)
【策略】经过判断如表示动作目的,首先考虑使用不定式。
①Weclimbedtothetopoftower___abetterviewofthearea.
(getting/got/havinggot/toget)
②--Whywasaspecialmeetingwascalled?
--___.
(Toelect/Electing/Ourelecting/Elected)
③___timeandlabor,cartoonistsgenerallydrawthehandsoftheircharacterswithonly3fingersandathumb.(Tosave/Saved/Saving/Havingsaved)
【模式6】只带doing
【策略】1、部分动词的记忆(从不认识的单词开始,动词略);2、句型结构;3、比较使用不定式的结构(同时关注不定式逻辑主语的引入结构)。
★Itis/was(no)+n.(use/good)+doing.(名词后接doing)
★Itis/wasnotany+n.(use/good)+doing.(名词后接doing)
① Itisnousearguingwithhim.
② Itisnouseregrettingthespoiledmilk.
★Itis/was+adj.+todosth…(形容词后接todo)
★Itis/was+adj.+for/ofsb.+todosth.(不定式逻辑主语的引入结构)
【模式7】动名词的复合结构(关注否定式)
【策略】1、动名词复合结构的全面掌握(原式和略式—句子成分);
2、理论指导:
动名词复合结构由“逻辑主语+动名词”构成。
当此结构充当主语时,用原式即“名词所有格或形容词物主代词+动名词”;作宾语或表语时用略式即“名词普通格或宾格代词+动名词”。
动名词复合结构的否定式中的not在逻辑主语之后。
① ___themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.
(Tomwillattend/Tomtoattend/Tomattended/Tom’sattending)
② Davidapologizedfor___toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.
(hisnotbeingable/hisbeingnotable/himnottobeable/himtobenotable)
③ Isthereanypossibilityofthefilm___inParisInternationalFestival?
(tryingout/triedout/totryout/beingtriedout)
【模式8】后接不定式与动名词之别
【策略】1、基本理论;2、特别句型(参见模式6);
3、理论指导:
①双接,无含义差别;②双接,含义差别不大(长短期习惯);
③双接,含义不同(记忆特别的动词);④特别的动词有:
stopdoingsth/stoptodosth(停止做某事/停下来去做某事)
rememberdoingsth/remembertodosth(记得做过某事/记住要去做某事)
meandoingsth/meantodosth(意味某事/打算做某事)
forgetdoingsth/forgettodosth(忘记做过某事/忘记去做某事)
trydoingsth/trytodosth(试着做某事/尽力去做某事)
needdoingsth/needtodosth(某事需要被做/需要去做某事)
can’thelpdoingsth/can’thelptodosth(情不自禁做某事/不能帮忙做某事)
【模式9】主动表被动
【策略】1、基本理论和基本句型。
2、理论指导:
●英语中有些动词形式上是主动结构,但意义是被动的。
如:
wash,open,write,sell,let,blame等。
① Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.
② Thedooropenseasily.
③ Thepenwriteswell.
④ Thenovelsellswell.
● beworthdoing中的doing主动表示被动(比较beworthyof结构)。
① Thesebooksareworthreading.(只接动名词)
② Thesebooksareworthyofbeingread/toberead.(既接动名词又接不定式)
●英语中有些动词,如want,need,require等后接动名词时主动表示被动,但接不定式时却用被动形式。
①Thebikeneedsrepairing/toberepaired.
②Thisplanrequiresdiscussing/tobediscussed.
● 形容词后接的不定式作状语时主动表被动。
① ThearticleswrittenbyLuxunarehardtoread.
② Heishardtogetalongwith.
【模式10】独立分词(结构)/独立主格结构
【策略】1、从分析句子结构着手,注意主动(现在分词)和被动(过去分词),2、几点例外(例⑤⑥)。
3、理论指导:
当句子的主语与独立结构中的动词不形成逻辑上的主谓(主动)或动宾(被动)关系时,根据全句的含义加上自己的逻辑主语,此时形成独立主格结构;部分非谓语动词词组需单独使用,此时形成独立分词(结构)。
①___afinesay,wedecidedtogooutforapicnic.
(Having/Being/What/Itbeing)
③ Thesoldierrushedintothecave,hisrighthand___agunandhisface___withsweat.(held,covered/holding,covering/holding,covered/held,covering)
④ Time___(permitting/permitted),theywillstarttodoanewjob.
⑤ Totell(you)thetruth/believeitornot/lostinthought/suppose…
⑥ Considering/Judging/Generallyspeaking/supposing…
【模式11】连词+分词(-ed)
【策略】1、定语从句和状语从句与分词结构的相互转换,状语从句中的连词可保留;
2、分词多为-ed分词,如动词为不及物动词类则用-ing分词。
① When___whyhewaslatefortheconcert,themanmadenoanswer.
(asking/toask/ask/asked)
② The18-storeyedbuilding,when___,willshutoutthesunlightingtherooms.
(pleting/plete/pleted/toplete)
③ Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen___atthemeetingbytheboss.
(questioned/questioning/havingquestioned/tobequestioned)
④ If___ill,I’llstayathome___agoodrest.
(falling,taking/tofall,taking/fall,totaking/falling,take)
【模式12】–ed分词(be+-ed+prep.)
【策略】1.基本词组的记忆与略化(省略be后的结构);2.标志词by/as
①___atfailingintheexam,Johnfeltunhappy.
(Disappointed/Tobedisappointed/Disappointing/Havingdisappointed)
②___inapoorfamily,hisparentscouldn’taffordtopayhisschooling.
(Born/Beingborn/Bearing/Havingbeenborn)
④___bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidednottogohome.
(Attracting/Attracted/Tobeattracted/Havingattracted)
⑤LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningpany,___as3M.(knowing/known/beingknown/tobeknown)
【模式13】-ed.与–ing.
【策略】1、主动与被动;2、人(-ed)与物(-ing)。
①Weallfelt___(exciting/excited)atthe___news.(exciting/excited)
②Thebabywas___(terrifying/terrified)bythe___(terrifying/terrified)charactersinthemovie.
③The___(puzzling/puzzled)expressiononherfacesuggestedthatshewas___(puzzling/puzzled)bytheproblem,as/whichwas___(puzzling/puzzled),afterall,shewasatopstudentintheclass.
【模式14】伴随状况(-ed/adj.)
【策略】句子结构与省略。
①Hewenttobed_____.(drink/drank/drinking/drunk)
=Hewenttobedandhewas____.(drink/drank/drinking/drunk)
②Hecamehomeatlast,tiredandhungry.
【模式15】找主句(主语多为人或非谓语动词的动作执行者)
【策略】句子结构的特点与分析(给出部分不为句子或是从句即有连词出现)。
①Tobewellfitforthejob,____.
A. agoodknowledgeofphysicsisneeded.
B. oneneedstohaveagoodknowledgeofphysics.
C. itisrequiredtohaveagoodknowledgeofphysics.
D. agoodknowledgeofphysicsisimportant.
②Withnothinglefttoburn,____(thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.)
③Tiredofthenoise,___.(heshutthedoor/thedoorhadbeenshut/hehadshutthedoor/thedoorwasshut)
④ ___againandagainbuthedidn’ttellmethetruth.(Hewasasked/Havingbeenasked/Havingaskedhim/Thoughhewasasked)
【模式16】拆分句型结构或词组
【策略】1、什么是拆分,怎样拆分;2、拆分后的句式结构走向(定语从句或过去分词)。
① WhatisthewaySmiththoughtof___enoughmoneytobuythenewhouse?
(getting/havinggot/beinggot/toget)
② Greateffortsshouldbemade___uphighereducationtomeettheneedsofindustryandagriculture.(speeding/tospeed/speed/andspeed)
③ MrGreenwasdisappointedtoseethewashingmachinehehadhad___wentwrongagain.(repaired/torepair/repairing/ittoberepaired)
④ Whomdoyouthinktheteacher___theposition?
(hadwritten/hadwrite/hadtowrite/hadwrote)
【模式17】区分及物动词与不及物动词(模式1/10)
【策略】1、动词识记的重要性;区分及物和不及物动词;2、系动词居多。
①___good,thefoodwassoldoutsoon.
(Tasting/Tasted/Beingtasted/Havingbeentasted)
②Thepicture___onthewallispaintedbymybrother.
(hanging/havinghung/beinghung/hangs)
⑦ Theflowers___sweetinthegardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.
(tosmell/smelling/smelt/tobesmelt)
【模式18】“据说”句型(said/believed/reported…)(简单句居多)
【策略】1、掌握复合句(that引导)和简单句(to引导)的基本结构;
2、理论指导:
复合句—Itbe+said/believed/reported…+that-从句;简单句—变为不定式结构,当主从句时间一致时不定式用一般式,不一致时用完成式。
① ZhangHongissaid___byheartxxwordsuptonow.
(thatshehaslearned/tohavelearned/tolearn/havinglearned)
② LiMingissaid___abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountryhestudiedin?
(tohavestudied/tostudy/tobestudying/tohavebeenstudying)
③ Thefluisbelieved___byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(causing/beingcaused/tobecaused/behavecaused)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Whenhewasaboy,heusedtogothereandwatch_____.
A.torepairbicycles
B.bicyclestoberepaired
C.bicyclesbeingrepaired
D.repairingbicycles
2.-Haveyouconsidered_____yourjobasateacher?
-Yes.Ilikethejobbecauseateacherisoftenconsidered_____agardener.
A.tochange;tobe B.tochange;being
C.changing;being D.changing;tobe
3.Thedog,_____,willbemadeagoodwatchdog.
A.totrainproperly B.beingtrainedproperly
C.properlytotrain D.trainedproperly
4._____thediamond,hehadtolookforaplacetohideit.
A.Havingstolen B.Havingbeenstolen
C.Stolen D.Stealing
5._____thefrontdoor_____,hehadtoentertheroomthroughthebackdoor.
A.Seen;paintedB.Seeing;painted
C.Beingseen;beingpaintedD.Seeing;beingpainted
6.Andthere,almost_____inthebigchair,satherlittlebrother,whoneverhadtobetoldtokeepquiet.
A.havinglost B.losing C.tobelost D.lost
7.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_____hishandintothepocketofapassenger.
A.put B.tobeputting C.toput D.putting
8.Toanswercorrectlyismoreimportantthan_____.
A.thatyoufinishquickly B.finishingquickly
C.tofinishquickly D.finishquickly
9.Theoldfarmer,_____thebadlyinjuredandburntsoldier,cameoutoftheburningfarmhouse,callingcontinuouslyforhelp.
A.supporting B.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高中英语 谓语 动词 命题 设计 模式 解题 策略