硕士研究生考试学科英语二真题及参考答案.docx
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硕士研究生考试学科英语二真题及参考答案.docx
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硕士研究生考试学科英语二真题及参考答案
2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试
英语
(二)试题真题+参考答案
Section1:
UseofEnglish英语应用
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark,A.B.CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
HarlonCobenbelievesthatifyouareawriter,you’llfindthetime;andthatifcan’tfindthetime,thenwritingisn’tanpriorityandyou’renotawriter.Forhim,writingisa1job-ajoblikeanyother.Hehas2itwithplumbing.Pointingoutthataplumberdoesn’twakeupandsaythathecan’tworkwithpipestoday.
3,likemostwritersthesedays,youareholdingdownajobtopaythebills,it’snot4tofindthetimetowrite.Butit’snotimpossible.Itrequiresdeterminationandsingle-mindedness.
5thatmostbestsellingauthorsbeganwritingwhentheyweredoingotherthingstoearnaliving.Andtoday,evenwriterswhoarefairly6oftenhavetodootherworkto7theirwritingincome.
AsHarlonCobenhassuggested,it’sa8ofpriorities.Tomakewritingapriority,you’llhaveto9someofyourday-to-dayactivitiesandsomethingsyoureallyenjoy.Dependingonyour10andyourlifestyle,thatmightmeanspendinglesstimewatchingtelevisionorlisteningtomusic,thoughsomepeoplecanwrite11theylistentomusic.Youmighthaveto12theamountofexerciseorsportyoudo.You’llhavetomakesocialmediaan13activityratherthanadaily,time-consuming14.There’llprobablyhavetobelesssocialisingwithyourfriendsandlesstimewithyourfamily.It’sa15learningcurve,anditwon’talwaysmakeyoupopular.
There’sjustonethingyoushouldtrytokeepatleastsometimefor,16yourwriting-andthat’sreading.Anywriteneedstoreadasmuchandaswidelyastheycan;it’stheone17supporter-somethingyoucannotdowithout.
Timeisfinite.Theolderyoumet,the18itseemstogo.Weneedtouseitascarefullyandas19aswecanthatmeansthatprioritisingoutactivitiessothatwespendmosttimeonthethingswereallywanttodo.Ifyou’reawriter,thatmeans-20-writing.
1.A.difficultB.normalC.steadyD.pleasant
2.A.combinedB.comparedC.confusedD.confronted
3.A.IfB.ThoughC.OnceD.Unless
4.A.EnoughB.strangeC.wrongD.easy
5.A.AcceptB.ExplainC.RememberD.Suppose
6.A.Well-knownB.well-advisedC.well-informedD.well-chose
7.A.donateB.generateC.supplementD.calculate
8.A.causeB.purposeC.questionD.condition
9.A.highlightB.sacrificeC.continueD.explore
10.A.relationsB.interestsC.memoriesD.skills
11.A.untilB.becauseC.whileD.before
12.A.putupwithB.makeupforC.hangontoD.cutdownon
13.A.intelligentB.occasionalC.intensiveD.emotional
14.A.habitB.testC.decisionD.plan
15.A.toughB.gentleC.rapidD.funny
16.A.inplaceofB.inchargeofC.inresponsetoD.inadditionto
17.A.indispensableB.innovativeC.invisibleD.instant
18.A.dullerB.harderC.quieterD.quicker
19.A.peacefullyB.generouslyC.productivelyD.gratefully
20.A.atmostB.inturnC.onaverageD.aboveall
Section2:
ReadingComprehension阅读理解
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Onarecentsunnyday13000chickensroamoverLarryBrown’s40windsweptacresinShiner,Texas.Somerestintheshadeofaparkedcar.Othersdrinkwaterwiththecows.Thisallseemsrandom,butit’sbydesign,partofwhatthe$6.1billionUS.eggindustrybetswillbeitsnextbigthing:
climate-friendlyeggs.
Theseeggs,whicharemakingtheirdebutnowonshelvesforasmuchas$8adozen,arestilllabeledorganicandanimal-friendly,butthey’realsofrombirdsthatliveonfarmsusingregenerativeagriculture-specialhousegases.Sucheggscouldbemarketedashelpingtofightclimatechange.
“I’mexcitedaboutourprogress,”saysBrown,whoisaddingmorecovercropsthatdrawwormsandcricketsforthechickenstoeat.Thebirdswastethenfertilizesfields.Suchimprovements“allowourhenstoforageforhigher-qualitynaturalfeedthatwillbegoodfortheland,thehens,andtheeggsthatwesupplytoourcustomers.”
Theeggindustry’spushisthefirstmajortestofwhetheranimalproductsfromregenerativefarmscanbecomethenextpremiumoffering.InbarelymorethananicheproductinnaturalfoodsstorestobeingsoldatWalmart.Morerecentlythereweresimilardoubtsaboutprobioticsandplant-basedmeats,butbothhaveexplodedintomajorsupermarketcategories.Ifthesustainable-eggrolloutissuccessful.Itcouldopenthefloodgatesforregenerativebeef,broccoli,andbeyond.
RegenerativeproductscouldbeahardsellbecausetheconceptistoughtodefinequicklysaysJulieStanton,associateprofessorofagriculturaleconomicsatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityBrandywine.Suchfarmingalsobringsminimal,ifany,improvementtothefoodproducts(thoughsomeproducerssaytheireggshavemoreprotein).
Theindustryisbettingthatthesameconsumerspayingmoreforpremiumattributessuchasfree-range,non-GMO,andpasture-raisedeggswillembracesustainability.Surveysshowthatyoungergenerationsaremoreconcernedaboutclimatechange,andsomeofthesuccessofplant-basedmeatcanbechalkeduptoshopperswantingtosignaltheirdesiretoprotecttheenvironment.Youngadults“reallycareabouttheplanet,”saysJohnBrunnquell,presidentofEggInnovations.“TheyareabsolutelyalteringthefoodchainbeyondwhatIthinkeventheyunderstandwhatthey’redoing.”
21.Theclimate-friendlyeggsareproduced.
A.ataconsiderablylowcost
B.atthedemandofregularshoppers
C.asareplacementfororganiceggs
D.onspeciallydesignedfarms
22.LarryBrawnisexcitedaboutitsprogressin.
A.reducingthedamageofworms
B.acceleratingthedisposalofwaste
C.creatingasustainablesystem
D.attractingcustomerstohisproduct
23.TheexampleoforganiceggsisusedinParagraph4tosuggest.
A.thedoubtsovernaturalfoods
B.thesetbacksintheeggindustry
C.thepotentialofregenerativeproducts
D.thepromotionalsuccessofsupermarkets
24.Itcanbeleanedfromthelastparagraphthatyoungpeople.
A.arereluctanttochangetheirdiet
B.arelikelytobuyclimate-friendlyeggs
C.arecuriousaboutnewfoods
D.areamazedatagriculturaladvances
25.JohnBrunnquellwoulddisagreewithJulieStantoneverregenerativeproduct’s
A.marketprospects
B.nutritionalvalue
C.standarddefinition
D.moralimplication
Text2
MoreAmericansareoptingtoworkwellintoretirement,agrowingtrendthatthreatenstoupendtheoldworkforcemodel.
OneinthreeAmericanswhoareatleast40have,orplantohaveajobinretirementtoprepareforalongerlife,accordingtoasurveyconductedbyHarrisPollforTDAmeritrade.Evenmoresurprisingisthatmorethanhalfofunretirees-thosewhoplantoworkinretirementorwentbacktoworkafterretiring-saidtheywouldbeemployedintheirlateryearseveniftheyhadenoughmoneytosettledown,thesurveyshowed.
Financialneedsaren'ttheonlyculpritforthe“unretirement”trend.Otherreasons,accordingtothestudy,includepersonalfulfillmentsuchasstayingmentallyfit,preventingboredomoravoidingdepression.“Theconceptofretirementisevolving,”saidChristineRussell,seniormanagerofretirementatTDAmeritrade.“It’snotjustaboutfinances.Thevalueofworkisalsodrivingfolkstocontinueworkingpastretirement.”
Onereasonforthechangeinretirementpatterns:
Americansarelivinglonger.OlderAmericansarealsopercentageofretirement-agepeopleinthelaborforcehasdoubledoverthepastthreedecades.About20%ofpeople65andolderwereintheworkforceinFebruary2019,upfromanall-timelowof10%inJanuary1985accordingtomoneymanagerUnitedIncome.
Becauseoflongerlifespans,Americansarealsoboostingtheirsavingstopreservetheirnesteggs,theTDAmeritradestudyshowed,whichsurveyed2,000adultsbetween40to79.Sixin10“unretirees”areincreasingtheirsavingsinanticipationofalongerlife.Amongthemostpopularwaystheyaredoingthis,thecompanysaid,isbyreducingtheiroverallexpenses,securinglifeinsuranceormaximizingtheircontributionstoretirementaccounts.
Unfortunately,manypeoplewhoareoptingtoworkinretirementarepreparingtodosobecausetheyareworriedaboutmakingendsmeetintheirlateryears,saidBrentWeiss,aco-founderatBaltimore-basedfinancial-planningfirmFacetWealth.Hesuggestedthatpre-retireesshouldspeakwithafinancialadvisortosetlong-termfinancialgoals.
“Themostchallengingmomentsinlifearegettingmarried,startingafamilyandultimatelyretiring,”Weisssaid.“It’snotjustafinancialdecision,butanemotionalone.Manypeoplebelievetheycan’tretire.”
26.ThesurveyconductedbyHarrisPollindicatesthat.
A.overhalfoftheretireesarephysicallyfitforwork
B.theoldworkforceisasactiveastheyoungerone
C.oneinthreeAmericansenjoyearlierretirement
D.moreAmericansarewillingtoworkinretirement
27.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3thatAmericanstendtothinkthat.
A.retirementmaycauseproblemsforthem
B.boredomcanberelievedafterretirement
C.thementalhealthofretireesisoverlooked
D.“unretirement”contributestotheeconomy
28.Retirementpatternsarechangingpartlydueto.
A.laborshortages
B.populationgrowth
C.longerlifeexpectancy
D.risinglivingcosts
29.Many“unretirees”areincreasingtheirsavingsby.
A.investingmoreinstocks
B.takingupoddjobs
C.gettingwell-paidwork
D.spendingless
30.Withregardtoretirement,BrentWeissthinksthatmanypeopleare
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