大学英语六级阅读题及详解教学总结.docx
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大学英语六级阅读题及详解教学总结.docx
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大学英语六级阅读题及详解教学总结
大学英语六级阅读题及详解
Exercise1
Passage1
Actually,though,America,the“landofimmigrants”,hasalwayshadpeopleofmanydifferentnationalitiesandlanguages.The1990census(人口普查)indicatesthatalmost14%ofAmericansspeakanon-Englishlanguageathome.Yetonly3%reportedthattheyspokeEnglish“notwell”or“notatall”.Thatmeansthatslightlymorethanoneoutof10Americanscouldbeconsideredbilingual.Besidesthat,manyhighschoolandcollegestudents-andevensomeelementeryschoolstudents-arerequiredtotakeaforeignlanguageasapartoftheircurriculum.Inadditiontooldstandbys(受人喜爱的语种)likeSpanish,GermanandFranch,moreandmorestudentsareoptingEasternEuropeanandAsianlanguages.Ofcourse,notallstudentskeepuptheirforeignlanguageabilities.Astheoldsayinggoes,“Ifyoudon’tuseit.”Butstill,agrowingnumberofAmericansarecomingtoappreciatethebenefitsofbeingmultilingual.
Ethnicenclaves(少数民族聚居地),foundparticularlyinmajormetropolitancenters,havepreservedthelanguageandcultureofAmericanimmigrants.Somelocalresidentscanfunctionquitewellintheirnativelanguage,withouthavingtobotherlearningEnglish.RogionssuchassouthernFloridaandtheSouthwesthavenumerousSpanish-speakingneighborhoods.Infact,Spanishspeakers-numberingover17million-composethelargestnon-EnglishlinguisticgroupinAmerica.ButChinese,Vietnamese,Italian,PolishandmanyotherethnicgroupaddtothelinguisticflavorofAmerica.Foreignlanguagesaresocommonlyusedinsomeethnicneighborhoodsthatvisitorsmightthinktheyareinanothercountry!
AlthoughsomeAmericanswelcomethislinguisticandculturaldiversity,otherhavebeguntofearthattheEnglishlanguageisbeingthreatened.Sincethe1980s,the“EnglishOnly”movementhassoughttopromotelegislationwhichwouldestablishEnglishasthe“officiallanguage”andrestricttheuseofnon-Englishlanguage.However,somegroups,includingTESOL,theorganizationforTeachersofEnglishtoSpeakersofOtherlanguage,objecttosuch“languagerestrictionism”.Theirview,knownas“EnglishPlus”,suggeststhatAmericansshouldhaverespectforpeople’snativehelpthemfitintothemainstreamofsociety.Butsofar,19stateshavepassedEnglishOnlylegislation,andthetopicisthefocusofanongoingdebate.
WhetherornotEngliashistheofficiallanguageoftheUnitedStates,itremainsthe“languageofwidercommunication”.NearlyeveryonerecognizestheneedtodevelopproficiencyinEnglishinordertodowellinAmerica.TohelpthosewhowanttobrushupontheirEnglishskills,EnglishasaSecondLanguage(ESL)classesaround.CitieswithlargenumbersofrecentimmigrantsoftensetupbilingualeducationprogramstoteachstudentscontentsubjectsintheirnativelanguagewhiletheyimprovetheirEnglish.Languageeducatorsoftenhavestronganddivergentviewsastowhichapproachhelpslearnersachievebetterresults:
abilingualapproach,anESLapproach-orevenapureimmersion(“sinkorswim”)approach.However,alltheseteachersshareacommoncommitment:
tohelpstudentsfunctionwellinEnglish.
AmericanrecognizethatEnglishistheinternationallanguage,andpeoplewithgoodEnglishskillscangetbyinmanyinternationalsettings.Ontheotherhand,inaworldgrowingincreasinglysmaller,secondlanguageskillscanbeagreatfavor.Theycanbuildcross-culturalbridgesandgivepeopleanedgeinavarietyofcareerfield.Indeed,lackofforeignlanguageproficiencycanlimitone’schancesforadvancementandkeeponeinaculturaldead-endstreet.AsmanypeopleinAmericaarediscovering,beingmonolingualisnolaughingmatter.(598words)
1.Theword“bilingual”(Line7,para,1)means_________.
A.beingabletospeaktwolanguages
B.beingabletospeakthreelanguages
C.beingabletospeakfourlanguages
D.beingabletospeakfivelanguages
2.Foreignlanguagesarecommonlyusedinsomeethnicneighborhoodsbecause__________.
A.ethnicgroupshavepreservedtheirnativelanguages
B.ethnicgroupsarenotallowedtospeakEnglish
C.ethnicgroupsencouragetheirnativestolearnforeignlanguages
D.ethnicgroupsallowtheirnativestogotoanothercountry
3._________composethelargestlinguisticgroupinAmerica.
A.ImmigrantsfromChina
B.ImmigrantsfromSpain
C.ImmigrantsfromItaly
D.ImmigrantsfromVietnam
4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabout“EnglishOnly”movement?
A.ItspurposewastoestablishalegislationofrestrictingtheuseofEnglish.
B.TESOLwasinfavorof“EnglishOnly”byobjectingto“Englishplus”.
C.ItwaslaunchedbecauseEnglishwasbeingthreatened.
D.Alargemajorityofstatessupportedthemovement.
5.Thegeneralideaofthispassageis_________.
A.theimportanceofbeingbilingual
B.theneedtospeakthenativelanguages
C.English-alanguagewidelyspokenaroundtheworld
D.theEnglishOnlymovement
Passage2
TheGuidfordFour,freedlastweekafterspending15yearsinprisonforcrimestheydidnotcommit,wouldalmostcertainlyhavebeenexecutedforthepubbombingtheywereconvictedof.Theyhadthedeathpenaltybeeninforceatthetimeoftheirtrial.Theymaynowbeadecentintervalbeforethepro-hanginglobby,whichhasthesupportofthePrimeMinister,makesanotherattempttoreintroducethenoose.
Reflectionsalongtheselineswereabouttheonlykindofconsolationtobederivedfromthisgrossmiscarriageofjusticewhichisnowtobethesubjectofajudicial(司法的)inquiry.Inthemeantime,defenselawyersaredemandingcompensationandhaveinmindabouthalfamillionpoundsforeachoftheirclients.
Thefirstthreetobereleased-Mr.GeraldConlon,Mr.PaddyArmstrongandMs.CaroleRichardson-leftprisonwiththe34poundswhichisgiventoalldepartinginmates.Thefourth,Mr.PaulHill,wasnotreleasedimmediatelybuttakentoBelfast,wherehelodgedanappealagainsthisconvictionforthemurderofaformerBritishsoldier.Sincethisconviction,too,wasbasedonthenowdiscreditedstatementsallegedlymadetotheSurveypolice,hewasimmediatelyletoutonbail(保释).Butheleftempty-handed.
Theimmediatereactiontothescandalwasreneweddemandforthere-examinationofthecaseagainsttheBirminghamSix,whoareservinglifesentencesforpubbombingsinthatcity.ThusfartheHomesecretary,Mr.DouglasHurd,isinsistingthatthetwocasesarenotcomparable;thatwhatisnowknownabouttheGuilfordinvestigationhasnorelevancetowhathappenedinBirmingham.
Mr.Hurdisrighttotheextentthattherewasasmall-thoughflimsyandhotly-contested-amountofcrimeevidenceintheBirminghamcase.ThedisturbingsimilarityisthattheBirminghamSix,liketheGuilfordFour,claimthatpoliceofficersliedandfabricatedevidencetosecureaconviction.
Makingscapegoats(替罪羊)ofafewroguepoliceofficerswillnotbesufficienttoeliminatetheGuilfordmiscarriageofjustice.Thesearealreadydemandsthatthelawshouldbechanged;firsttomakeitimpossibletoconvicton“confessions”alone;andsecondlytorequirethatstatementsfromaccusedpersonsshouldonlybetakeninthepresenceofanindependentthirdpattytoensuretheyarenotmadeunderpunishment.
ItwasalsobeingnotedthisweekthattheGuilfordFourowetheirreleasemoretobepersistenceofinvestigativereportersthantothediligenceofeitherthejudiciaryorthepolice.Yetinvestigativereports-particularlyontelevision-haverecentlybeenaparticulartargetforthecondemnationofMrs.ThatcherandsomeofherministerswhoseemtothinkthatTVshouldbemuzzled(钳制言论的手段)inthepublicinterestandlefttogetonwithsoapoperasandquizshows.(495words)
1.Theword“noose”(Line7,Para.1)hastheclosestmeaningto________.
A.deathpenaltyB.hanging
C.trialD.punishment
2.Tocompensatethemiscarriageofjustice,thedefenselawyersmay_________.
A.demand500,000poundsfortheGuilfordFour
B.demand500,000poundsforeachoftheGuilfordFour
C.demand1,000,000poundsforeachoftheGuilfordFour
D.demandare-examinationoftheBirminghampubbombings
3.Whywasthereareneweddemandforthere-examinationofthecaseagainsttheBirminghamSix?
A.TheBirminghamSixwerebelievedtohavecriminalconnectionswiththeGuilfordFour.
B.Thetwocasesweresimilarinthatbothwereaboutpubbombings.
C.ThebombingsinBirminghamhappenedatthesametime.
D.TheBirminghamSixalsoclaimedthattherewerepolicemalpractice’sintheircase.
4.Theexistinglawstatesthat________.
A.convictionscanbemadeonconfessionsandstatementstakenbypoliceofficersfromaccusedpersonsarevalidlegalevidence
B.convictionscan’tbemadeonconfessionsaloneandthereshouldbeathirdpartywhentakingstatementsfromaccusedpersons
C.convictionscanbemadeonconfessionsandathirdpartyshouldbepresentwhentakingstatementsfromaccusedpersons
D.convictionscan’tbemadeonconfessionsaloneandthestatementstakenbypoliceofficersfromaccusedpersonsarevalidlegalevidence
5.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingpartiescontributedmosttothereleaseoftheGuilfordFour?
A.ReportersB.LawyersC.ThepoliceD.Thejudiciary
Passage3
Proxemics(空间关系学)isthestudyofwhatgovernshowcloselyonepersonstandstoanother.Peoplewhofeelclosewillbeclose,thoughtheactualdistanceswillvarybetweencultures.ForAmreicanswecandiscernfourmaincategoriesofdistance:
intimate,personal,socialandpublic.Intimaterangesfromdirectcontacttoabout45centimeters.Thisisfortheclosestrelationshipssuchasthosebetweenhusbandandwife.Beyondthiscomespersonaldistance.Thisstandsatbetween45and80centimeters.It
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