高考英语专题复习阅读理解含答案.docx
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高考英语专题复习阅读理解含答案.docx
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高考英语专题复习阅读理解含答案
2020-2021高考英语专题复习阅读理解(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.(2019•浙江)阅读理解
Moneywithnostringsattached.It'snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,"GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed."
Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.“Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveandtook,"saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject."Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars."Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.
"WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,"Bridgessaid."There'sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost."Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.
Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.
"Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,"hesaid."Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”
(1)Whatdoestheexpression"moneywithnostringsattached"inparagraph1mean?
A. Moneyspentwithouthesitation.
B. Moneynotlegallymade.
C. Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.
D. Moneynottiedtogether.
(2)WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?
A. Womentendedtobemoresociable.
B. Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.
C. Economicproblemsweregettingworse.
D. Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.
(3)WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?
A. Todoatestonpeople'smorals.
B. Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.
C. Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.
D. Topromotekindnessandsympathy.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)D
【解析】【分析】这是一则新闻报道,讲述在洛杉矶的联合车站,竖起了一块木板,上面钉着一些美钞和一个牌子,上面写着“留下你能给予的,拿走你所需要的。
”虽然有很多人拿走了钱,但是还是有人把钱钉在木板上。
(1)词义猜测题。
根据下文第二段开头whilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtothebtoard可知这个板子的目的是为人们提供爱心交换,需要的从上面拿钱,有富余的可以在上面留钱。
这些钱是没有附加条件的。
故答案为C。
(2)推理判断题。
题干中的bride是TylerBridges举的一个例子,为了证明前一句Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveandtook,即这个活动吸引了各种年龄、种族和经济背景的人。
故答案为B。
(3)推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段中
Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy可知他发起这个活动的目的是让人们展示慷慨和同情。
故答案为D。
【点评】这是一篇新闻报道,文章的第一段第三句话就是本文的主题句,阅读时要要弄清新闻的主旨,弄清细节,根据问题中的关键词找到相关语句并能分析理解相关的句子,从而得到需要的答案。
2.阅读理解
Duringthisshoppingseason,salesmenwillcomeupwithdifferentstrategiestogetyourbusiness.Manyproductcompaniesusespecificcolorstocausepositiveemotionsandcompeteforasale.However,sightisnottheonlysensory(感官的)retailthatcompaniesuse.Soundsandsmellscanalsoinfluenceconsumers'purchasingdecisions.
NobelPrize-winningresearchshowsthatoursenseofsmellhasgreatpowertocauseanemotionalresponse.AstudypublishedearlierthisyearcomparedpurchasinginaFrenchflowershopwhenthesmelloflavender(薰衣草)wasgivenoffandwhenitwasn't.Itfoundthatthesmellincreasedthenumberofconsumers'purchasingitemsandtheamountoftheirpurchases.AnearlierstudyusingNikeshoesfoundthatconsumersdesiredtheshoesmore,andwerewillingtopaymore,whentheroomhadamixedsmellofflowers.Realizingthesubconsciousimpactofsmell,manystoresapplyartificialscents(气味)throughtheirheatingandair-conditioningvents(通风口)orplacescentmachinesabovetheirdoors.Forinstance,acoconutscentmightmakethatbikinimoreappealingasyoulongforavacation.
Everfeltfrenziedduetoastore'sfast-pacedmusic?
Orcalmedbyapieceoflightmusic?
Aretailer'schoiceofmusiccanhaveabigimpactonconsumers'moods.Onestudyfoundthatwhensubjectedtoloudmusic,consumerswillspendlesstimeinastore.Butinterestingly,theresearchersdidnotfindadifferenceinsalesorcustomers'satisfaction.Anotherinterestingfindingfromarecentstudywasthatcustomersactuallyshoplongerwhenexposedtounfamiliarmusic.Justasdepartmentstoresusedifferentscentsincertaindepartments,manyusedifferentmusicinsomeareastoappealtovaryingconsumers.
Well,youcouldalwaysleavethestoreandtakeabreak,butthefoodcourtprobablyisn'tyourbestchoicesasbrandslikeCinnabonandPaneraBreadalsousescentsaspartoftheircustomers'experience.Onlineretailers(零售商)useavarietyofotherstrategiestogetyourbusiness,butyoucanalwaysneglectthoseandenjoythefamiliarscentsofhome.
(1)Thepassageismainlyabout________.
A. consumers'favoritesoundsandsmellswhileshopping
B. shoppingmalls'strategiesforsatisfyingconsumers
C. somespecialservicesfromsupershoppingmalls
D. twofactorsaffectingconsumers'shoppingdecisions
(2)WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?
A. Decoratingstoreswithflowersbecomesafashion.
B. Shopswithspecialsmellscanattractmoreconsumers.
C. Smellscanactuallyhelpbusinessmengainmoreprofits.
D. Theproductswithakindofspecialsmellaremorepopular.
(3)Howdoesmusichaveaneffectonconsumers?
A. Itcontrolsconsumers'desireforshopping.
B. Itinfluenceshowlongconsumersstayinashop.
C. Itgivesconsumersthesatisfactionofenjoyingshopping.
D. Whetherconsumersarewillingtobuythingsdependsonit.
(4)Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“frenzied”inParagraph3?
A. Satisfied.
B. Depressed.
C. Surprised.
D. Excited.
(5)Whatdoesthewritertrytoexpressinthelastparagraph?
A. Onlineshoppingisbecomingmoreandmorepopularnowadays.
B. Peopleshouldspendmoretimeathomewithfamilymembers.
C. Peoplecanchoosetogetridofsalesmen'spromotionstrategies.
D. Smellsandsoundsareimportantforconsumers'shoppingexperience.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)B
(4)D
(5)C
【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。
这篇文章主要介绍了影响消费者购物决定的两个因素。
(1)主旨大意题。
根据第一段中的Soundsandsmellscanalsoinfluenceconsumers'purchasingdecisions.(声音和气味也会影响消费者的购买决定)及下文对这两个因素的介绍可知,本文主要介绍了影响消费者购物决定的两个因素。
故答案选D。
(2)推理判断题。
根据第二段中的Itfoundthatthesmellincreasedthenumberofconsumers'purchasingitemsandtheamountoftheirpurchases.(研究发现,这种气味增加了消费者购买物品的数量和购买量)可推知,气味实际上可以帮助商人获得更多的利润。
故答案选C。
(3)细节理解题。
根据第三段中的Onestudyfoundthatwhensubjectedtoloudmusic,consumerswillspendlesstimeinastore…Anotherinterestingfindingfromarecentstudywasthatcustomersactuallyshoplongerwhenexposedtounfamiliarmusic.(研究发现,当音乐音量过大时,消费者在商店里的时间会减少……最近一项研究的另一个有趣发现是,当顾客接触到不熟悉的音乐时,他们的购物时间实际上更长)可知,音乐会影响消费者在商店里停留的时间。
故答案选B。
(4)词义猜测题。
A.Satisfied满意的;B.Depressed沮丧的;C.Surprised吃惊的;D.Excited兴奋的。
根据第三段中的Orcalmedbyapieceoflightmusic?
(还是听着轻音乐平静下来?
)可知,划线词所在句意为“有没有因为商店里快节奏的音乐而感到疯狂?
”,由此推知,划线词意为“疯狂的”,疯狂是一种兴奋的状态。
故答案选D。
(5)推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的Onlineretailers(零售商)useavarietyofotherstrategiestogetyourbusiness,butyoucanalwaysneglectthoseandenjoythefamiliarscentsofhome.(网上零售商使用各种各样的策略来获得你的生意,但你可以忽略这些,享受熟悉的家的味道)可知,作者想要告诉人们,我们可以选择摆脱销售员的促销策略。
故答案选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇说明类阅读,要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼),然后以此为线索,运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的:
段落、语句,仔细品味,同时根据上下文进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Everyyearmigratory(迁徙的)batstravelfromMexicotoBrackenCave,wheretheyspendthesummerconsuminginsectsthatwouldotherwisehungrilyeatcommonfoodcrops.Butthebatshavebeenshowingupfarearlierthantheydidtwodecadesago.
Inastudy,scientistsatRothamstedResearch,anagriculturallaboratoryinEngland,usedradardatafrom160U.S.weatherstationstoanalyzeactivityintheTexasbatcolonyfrom1995through2017.TheydiscoveredthecreatureswereleavingtheirwinterquartersinMexicoearlierandreproducingsooner.Theywerealsoastonishedtofindincreasingnumbersofbatsoverwintering(过冬)atBrackenCaveinsteadofheadingbacktotheircoldweatherquartersinMexico.Overwinteringisasignthatwarmertemperatureschangethebats'annualrhythms,RothamstedbiologistPhillipStepaniansays.
AseparatestudyofmigratorybatsinIndiana,publishedlastyear,foundthattemperaturevariationsaffectedarrivalanddeparturetimes—likewisehintingatthepotentialinfluenceofclimatechange.JoyO'Keefe,abiologyprofessoratIndianaStateUniversityandco-authorofthatstudy,saysearlyarrivalattheirsummerhabitats(栖息地)couldexposethesebatstocoldsnaps(寒流),andtheycouldfreezetodeath.
JoyO'Keefeandhercolleaguesalsofoundthatchangingbatmigrationtimescanalsoclashwithrainfallpatterns.Manyinsectsthatbatseatbreedinseasonallakesandpuddles.Ifthebatsarrivetooearlytobenefitfromsummerrainfallandtheresultingabundanceofinsectstheymaystruggletofeedtheirpups(幼崽)orskipreproductionaltogether,O'Keefesays.ShefearsthisshiftcouldcauseMidwesternbatstodecreasetowardextinction,whichwouldbebadnewsforhumans."Declinesinbatpopulationscouldhavesevereeffectsforcropsuccess,"shesays,addingthatbatsalso"controlsignificantdiseasevectors,suchasmosquitoes."
However,scientistsarenotcertainthatclimatechangealoneiscausingtheBrackenCavebatcolonytomigrateearlier.Theyhavefoundadirectlinkbetweenseasonaltemperaturesandbirdmigration,butbatsarealsoinfluencedbyfactorssuchaschangesinwindspeedan
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