词汇学复习材料.docx
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词汇学复习材料.docx
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词汇学复习材料
词汇学复习材料2(总5页)
I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement
1.Morphologyisthebranchofgrammarwhichstudiesthestructureorformsofwords,primarilythroughtheuseof_________construct.
A.soundB.formC.morphemeD.root
2.Contentwordsdenoteclearnotionsandthusareknownas_________words.Theyincludenouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbsandnumerals.
A.functionalB.notionalC.emptyD.formal
3.Theprefixesinthewordsofirresistible,nonclassicalandapoliticalarecalled_______.
A.reversativeprefixesB.negativeprefixesC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixes
4.Utopia,odysseyandBabbitarewordsfrom________.
ofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenames
5.Theprefixesinwordsnew-Nazi,autobiographyandpan-Europeanare________.
prefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsize
C.prefixesoftimeandorderD.miscellaneousprefixes
6.Thesuffixesinwordsclockwise,homewardsare______.
A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffixesC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixes
7.Thesuffixesinwordsheighten,symbolizeare________.
A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffixesC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixes
8.Awordisthecombinationofformand________.
A.spellingB.writingC.meaningD.denoting
9.Polysemyisacommonfeaturepeculiarto______.
A.EnglishonlyB.ChineseonlyC.allnaturallanguagesD.somenaturallanguages
10.Fromthe______pointofview,polysemyisassumedtobetheresultofgrowthanddevelopmentofthesemanticstructureofoneandsameword.
A.linguisticB.diachronicC.synchronicD.traditional
11._______isasemanticprocessinwhichtheprimarymeaningstandsatthecenterandthesecondarymeaningsproceedoutofitineverydirectionlikerayes.
ARadiationB.ConcatenationC.DerivationD.Inflection
12.Oneimportantcriteriontodifferentiatehomonymsfrompolysemantsistoseetheir______.
A.spellingB.pronunciationC.etymologyD.usage
13.Thesenserelationbetweenthetwowordstulipandfloweris_______.
A.hyponymyB.synonymyC.polysemyD.antonymy
14.Compositionandcompoundinginlexicologyarewordsof_______.
A.absolutesynonymsB.relativesynonymsC.relativeantonymsD.contraryantonyms
15.Ashomonymsareidenticalinsoundorspelling,particularly______,theyareoftenemployedinaconversationtocreatepunsfordesiredeffectofhumor,sarcasmorridicule.
A.homographsB.homophonesC.absolutehomonymsD.antonyms
16Contentwordsdenoteclearnotionsandthusareknownas_________words.Theyincludenouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbsandnumerals.
A.functionalB.notionalC.emptyD.formal
17.Functionalwordsdonothavenotionsoftheirown.Therefore,theyarealsocalled_______words.Prepositions,conjunctions,auxiliariesandarticlesbelongtothiscategory.
A.contentB.notionalC.emptyD.new
18.ThefiveRoamancelanguages,namely,Portuguese,Spanish,French,Italian,RomanianallbelongtotheItalicthroughanintermediatelanguagecalled_______.
A.SanskritB.LatinC.CelticD.Anglo-Saxon
19.Theprefixedcontainedinunwrap,de-composeanddisalloware_________.
A.reversativeprefixedB.negativeprefixesC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixes
20.________arecontainedinwordstrans-world,intra-partyandforehead.
A.PrefixesoforientationandattitudeB.Prefixesoftimeandorder
C.LocativeprefixesD.Prefixesofdegreeorsize
21.Thesuffixesinwordsheighten,symbolizeare________.
A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffixesC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixes
22.Awordisthecombinationofformand________.
A.spellingB.writingC.meaningD.denoting
23.Functionalwordspossessstrong_____whereascontentwordshavebothmeanings,andlexicalmeaninginparticular.
A.arbitrarymeaningB.conceptualmeaning
C.associativemeaningD.grammaticalmeaning
24.Fromthe______pointofview,polysemyisassumedtobetheresultofgrowthanddevelopmentofthesemanticstructureofoneandsameword.
A.linguisticB.diachronicC.synchronicD.traditional
25._______isasemanticprocessinwhichtheprimarymeaningstandsatthecenterandthesecondarymeaningsproceedoutofitineverydirectionlikerayes.
ARadiationB.ConcatenationC.DerivationD.Inflection
26._________isthesemanticprocessinwhichthemeaningofawordmovesgraduallyawayfromitsfirstsensebysuccessiveshiftsuntil,inmanycases,thereisnotasignofconnectionbetweenthesensethatisfinallydevelopedandthatwhichthetermhadatthebeginning.
A.DerivationB.RadiationC.InflectionD.Concatenation
importantcriteriontodifferentiatehomonymsfrompolysemantsistoseetheir______.
A.spellingB.pronunciationC.etymologyD.usage
28.Theantonyms:
maleandfemaleare______.
A.contradictorytermsB.contrarytermsC.relativetermsD.connectedterms
29.InShakespeareanline‘ratsandmiceandsuchsmalldeer’,deerobviouslydesignates‘_____’ingeneral.
A.adoeB..animalC.adeerlikeanimalD.buck
30Byhookandbycrookisanexampleof________.
31.Awordis______ofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.
A.asmallestformB.aminimalfreeformC.aconstituentformD.apart
32.“Nature”intheword“denaturalization”isnot_______________.
A.freerootB.freemorphemesC.wordD.boundroot
33.Wordformationexcludes________________.
A.affixationandcompoundingB.conversionandshortening
C.chipping,acronymyandblendingD.repetitionandalliteration
34.Fortheword“political”,itsnegativeformis“_____________”.
A.apoliticalB.ilpoliticalC.inpoliticalD.impolitical
35.Radiationandconcatenationaredifferentstagesofthedevelopmentleadingtopolysemy.Generally,radiation__________________concatenation.
A.isbehindB.precedesC.iswithD.makesupfor
36.Therelationshipbetweenthesoundandmeaningofawordis_____________.
A.logicalB.arbitrary,conventionalC.certainD.objective
37.Thechieffunctionofprefixationisto______________.
A.changemeaningsofthestemsB.changetheword-classofthestem
C.changegrammaticalfunctionD.alltheabove
38.Thegrammaticalmeaningsofawordrefertothatpartofthemeaningofthewordwhichindicatesgrammaticalconceptorrelationshipsuchas____________.
A.partofspeechofwordsB.singularandpluralmeaningofnouns
C.tensemeaningofverbsandtheirinflectionalformsD.alltheabove
39.Intheidiom“earnone’sbread”,___________isused.
A.synecdocheB.personificationC.metonymyD.simile
40.Homographsarewordsidenticalonlyin_____________butdifferentintwootheraspects.
A.soundB.meaningC.spellingD.sense
II.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressions
1..Englishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingthe______structuresofEnglishwordsandwordequivalents,theirsemantics,relations,_____development,formationand______.
2.Languagestudyinvolvesthestudyofspeechsounds,grammarand_______.
3.NowpeoplegenerallyrefertothelanguagespokenbyAnglo-Saxonsas_______.
4.Themeaningsofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheir______.Inotherwordsthehistoryofthewordexplainsthemeaningoftheword.
5.__________istheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.
6.Accordingtosuffixationtheory,“villager”iscalleddenominalnounand“employer”iscalled__________noun.
7.Lexicalmeaningand___________meaningmakeupthewordmeaning.
8.Absolutesynonymsarerestrictedtohighly___________.
9.Narrowingofmeaningistheoppositeof___________meaning.
10.Linguisticcontextincludeslexicalcontextand__________.
11.Asfarassentencetypesareconcerned,theyembracedeclarative,interrogative,________andexclamativesentences.
12.Oneimportantcriterionfordifferentiationofhomonymsfrompolysemantsistoseetheir____,thesecondprincipalconsiderationissemanticrelatedness.
13.Hyponymydealswiththerelationshipofsemanticinclusion.Thatis,themeaningofamorespecificwordisincludedinthatofanothermoregeneralword.Thegeneralwordsarecalledthe_____termsandthemorespecificwordsarecalled_____.
14.InmodernEnglishonemayfindsomewordswhosesoundssuggesttheir______
15._________istheformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowordsorawordplusapartofanotherword.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalledblendsor_____words.
III.StatewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTRUEorFALSE.
1.Functionalwordsincludeadverbs,prepositions,conjunctions,andpronouns.
2.“Nature”intheword“denaturalization”isafreeroot.
3.Radiationandconcatenationaredifferentstagesofthedevelopmentleadingtopolysemy.Generally,radiationmakesupforconcatenation.
4.Back-formationisoneofthethreemajorprocessesofwordformationinEnglish
5.ThetotalnumberoffunctionalwordsisverylimitedinEnglish.
6.Themeaningofaword,especiallythatofapolysemousword,isoftendeterminedbythecontextinwhichitappears.
7.Theconversionbetweennounsandverbsmayinvolveachangeofstress.
8.Alltransitiveverbscanbeusedinpassivesentences.
9.Descriptivewordscanbeusedforevaluationinsomecontexts.
10.Wordsfromdifferentclassescanformasemanticfield.
11. The basic word stock of a language is changing rapidly all the time.
12.Awordisthesmallestmeaningfulunitofalanguage.
13.Inflectional affixes have only grammatical meanings.
14.ThereisnointrinsicconnectionbetweensoundsymbolsandthesenseofallEnglishwords.
15.Homophones are
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