届山东省潍坊市滨州市英语高考一模试题.docx
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届山东省潍坊市滨州市英语高考一模试题.docx
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届山东省潍坊市滨州市英语高考一模试题
2020届山东省潍坊市、滨州市英语高考一模试题
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分37.5分)第一节(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.
1.(7.5分)
"BecomingJane"
ThroughSeptember7,2020
NationalGeographicMuseum
JaneGoodallbeganobservingchimpanzeesin1960atGombeStreamGameReserveinwhatisnowTanzania,butherfirststudyofanimalbehaviortookplacesome20yearsearlier,whenshe,at5yearsold,spentseveralhoursinahenhouse,waitingtoseehowahenlaidanegg.
ThatcuriosityhelpeddriveGoodalltobecomeoneofthemostfamousscientistsofthe20thcentury.Herevolutionfrominnocentchildto"globalicon(偶像)"isdocumentedin."BecomingJane",anexhibitinWashington,D.C.throughSeptember7.Afterthat,itheadstotheNaturalHistoryMuseumofLosAngelesCountry.
"BecomingJane"istechnologyheavy.Interactivedigitaldisplays,3﹣Dexperiencesandahologram(全息图)﹣likeappearancebyGoodallherselfwilldrawtheattentionofbothadultsandyoungsters.ForthosewhohavefollowedGoodall'scareerclosely,therealtreatisseeingherbirthdaygiftsandbooksfromherchildhood,fieldnotes,Ph.D.papersandotherpersonalbelongingsandphotos.
Visitorswillfollowthepathofherchildhooddreamgraduallycomingtrue,thenthecourseofherfieldstudyaboutchimpanzeesinAfricanwildforests,withremarkableachievements,andfinallyherrecentlifeasanAnimalRightsactivist.
PRICE﹩15
WHENNovember22,2019﹣September7,2020
LOCATION114517thStreetNWWashington,D.D.20036
(1)Whereis"BecomingJane"heldbeforeSeptember7,2020?
A.InTanzania.
B.InWashington,D.C..
C.InLosAngelesCountry.
D.InJane'shometown.
(2)WhatmayattractJaneGoodall'sfollowersmost?
A.Treatsforchildren.
B.FreebooksbyJane.
C.Jane'spersonalitems.
D.Theappliedtechnology.
(3)Whattypeofwritingofthistext?
A.Astory.
B.Anadvertisement.
C.Anofficialreport.
D.Acelebrityprofile.
2.(10分)MomandIwereputtingthefinishingtouchesondinner,andmylittlenieceJessicacameintosetthetable.Insteadofgoingtothedishcabinet,shewentintothepantrywheretherewasastackofold,mismatcheddinnerplatesonthebottomshelf.
Whenshehadsetallsixplaces,shestoodbackandsighed,"Oh,Grandma,yourplatesaresobeautiful.Oursareallalike!
"Wehadagoodlaughatherinnocentremark,butasIthinkbacktoallthoseyearsago,Ibelieveshewasright.Thoseplateswerebeautiful.
Momworkedforthelocalcouncilonagingasahousekeeper.Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.MostofherclientsgotMealsonWheels,aserviceinthe1970s.Theyreceivedahotlunchandacoldsnacktohavelaterintheevening.Thisisreallynotverymuchfood.EveryeveningMomwouldmaketo﹣gomealsonthesemismatchedplatescoveredwithaluminumfoil,andthendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidn'tgetenoughtoeat.
Thiswasabouttenyearsbeforemicrowaveovensbecamecommonsoitwasimportantthatthefoodbeonaplatethatcouldbereheatedinaregularoven.Insteadofacoldsandwichandmacaronisalad,Mom'sclientsdinedonBeefManhattans,pan﹣friedchickenormeatloaf,alongwithveggiesandapieceofpieorcake.MomandDaddidthisevenafterMomleftherjob,andMomcontinuedafterDad'sdeathuntilallherformerclientshadeitherpassedawayormovedout.
WhenIwascleaningourMom'shouseafterherdeath,Ikeptoneasasouvenir(纪念品).Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforone'sneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.
(1)Whydidtheauthorthinkthoseplatesbeautiful?
A.Theywerenotallalike.
B.TheywerelittleJessica'spride.
C.Theywerecollectedfromdifferentplaces.
D.Theyweresymbolsoftheparents'kindness.
(2)Whatdidtheauthor'smotherdotoearnalivinginthe1970s?
A.Beahousewife.
B.RunMealsonWheels.
C.Deliverfoodtohouses.
D.Dohouseworkfortheold.
(3)Whydidtheauthor'smothermaketo﹣gomeals?
A.Itwasherjob.
B.Shewasgoodatcooking.
C.Shewantedtohelpbeyondherduty.
D.Herfamilydidn'thaveenoughtoeat.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.PlatesofSympathy
B.APreciousSouvenir
C.ServicesfortheSenior
D.AKind﹣heartedMother
3.(10分)"Aliecantravelhalfwayaroundtheworldbeforethetruthcanputitsbotson."ThatquoteisattributedtoMarkTwain.Intoday'sInternetworldof"fake(假的)news",liesspreadevenfasterthanthetruthishavingtroublefindingitsboots.
Tomakemattersworse,mostyoungpeoplegetnewsfromsocialmediasiteswherefactsaremixedwithrumors(谣言),half﹣truthsandcompletelies.Thishasledtoyoungpeoplebecomingconfused.InthelatestPISA,whichtested15﹣year﹣oldworldwideonacademicsubjects,fewerthanoneintenoftheexamineeswerereportedtobeabletodistinguishfactfromopinion.AStanfordUniversitystudyshowedthatstudentsatalllevelsofeducationcouldnottellrealnewsfromfakenews.Inoneinstance,80percentthoughtthatapaidadvertisementwasarealnewsstory.
Fakenewsisspreadbypeoplewhohaveaprejudice.Theywanttoinfluencepublicopinioneitherfororagainstsomethingorsomeone.Itisimportant,then,foryoungpeopletorecognizewhentheyarebeingusedandtobeskepticalofonlineinformation.
Traditionalmedia,suchasnewspapersandtelevision,arestillthemorecrediblesourcesofinformation.Reportersareprofessionallytrainedtolookforfacts,andeditorshavethejobofmakingsurethosefactsarecorrect.However,ifyougettingmostofyourinformationonline,youhavetobeyourowneditor.Inthatcase,thefirstthingtodoistolookatthewriterofapost.Isthispersonknowntobecredible?
Doesthesitewhereyoureadtheposthaveaprejudice?
Next,lookforothersourcesfrommainstreammediatoconfirmtheinformation.Inotherwords,byputtingonyourtruthbootsyouwon'tbefooledintochasinglies.
(1)Whyisthequotementionedinparagragh1?
A.Togiveadefinition.
B.Tointroducethetopic.
C.Toofferbackgroundinformation.
D.TohighlightthewisdomofMarkTwain.
(2)Whatwillalwayshappentoyoungpeoplewithnewsaround?
A.Theypreferareadnewsstory.
B.Theyareeasilytakeninbyfakenews.
C.Theycandistinguishfactfromopinion.
D.Theygetworriedabouttheireducation.
(3)Whatistheauthor'ssuggestionfromthetext?
A.Fightagainstprejudices.
B.Avoidtraditionalmedia.
C.Beaneditorofyourown.
D.Believeintrainedreporters.
(4)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Thetruthaboutfakenews.
B.Theinfluenceoffakenews.
C.Problemswithonlineinformation.
D.Sourcesofonlineinformation.
4.(10分)Aninfectiousdiseaseisadiseasethatiscausedbytheinvasionofahostbypathogens(病原体)whoseactivitiesharmthehost'stissuesandcanbespreadtootherindividuals.
Microorganisms(微生物)capableofcausingdiseasearecalledpathogens.Atruepathogenisaninfectiousagentthatcausesdiseaseinanypossiblehost.Theterms"infection"and"disease"arequitedifferent.Inordertocausedisease,pathogensmustbeabletoenterthehostbody,sticktospecifichostcells,invadeandmultiplyanddodamagetohosttissues.
Pathogensmaybespreadthrougheitherdirectorindirectcontact.Directcontactoccurswhenanindividualisinfectedbycontactwiththeinfectionsource.Italsoincludestakingintheinfectiousdropletsreleasedbysneezingorcoughing.Indirectcontactoccurswhenapathogencansurvivetheenvironmentoutsideitshostforalongperiodoftime.Solifelessobjectsthatarepollutedbydirectcontactwiththeinfectionsourcemaybetheindirectcontactforeasilyinfectedgroup.
Publichealthmeasurestypicallyinvolvekillingthepathogenfromitssourceorfromitsrouteofspread.Thosemeasuresincludeensuringasafewatersupply,effectivelytreatingwastewater,andinitiatinganimalcontrolandvaccination(疫苗)programs,etc.Personally,thefirstlineofdefenseistokeeppathogenatbaybyfollowinggoodpersonalhygiene(卫生)habits.Preventinfectionbeforeitbeginsandavoidspreadingittootherswithsomeeasymeasures,suchaswashinghands,gettingvaccinatedandsoon.
Manneverstopsfightingagainstallkindsofinfectiousdiseases.Butinthepasttwodecadesatleastadozen"new"diseasehavebeenidentified,andtraditionaldiseasesthatappearedtobe"ontheirwayout"arere﹣emerging.Globally,infectiousdiseasesremaintheleadingcauseofdeath.Clearly,theballethasnotbeenwon.Nevertheless,itisincreasinglydifficultformostofustodenytheclaimsofscience.Wearecontinuallypresentedwithgreatamountsofrelevantscientificandmedicalknowledge,whichencouragesustotakemoreresponsibilityforourownhealth.
(1)Whatdoesparagragh2focuson?
A.Originoftruepathogens.
B.Natureofinfectiousdiseases.
C.Strategiesforavoidingtissuedamage.
D.Differencesbetweeninfectionanddisease.
(2)Whatislikelytocausediseasespreadthroughindirectcontact?
A.Gettingbittenbyaninfecteddog.
B.Playingtoysasickchildplayedwith.
C.Breathingintinydropsfromsneezing.
D.Shakinghandswithaninfectedperson.
(3)Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedphrase"atbay"inparagragh4?
A.Atrisk.
B.Offcourse.
C.Undercontrol.
D.Withinreach.
(4)Whatdoesthelastparagraghimply?
A.Manisatalossaboutinfectiousdiseases.
B.Traditionalinfectiousdiseasesaredyingout.
C.Sciencecountsindefeatinginfectiousdiseases.
D.Thebattleagainstinfectiousdiseasesisinvain.
第二节(共1小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项.
5.(12.5分)IfyouhaveaniPod
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