高中英语 单元质量评估四新人教版必修5.docx
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高中英语 单元质量评估四新人教版必修5.docx
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高中英语单元质量评估四新人教版必修5
单元质量评估(四)
时间:
100分钟 分数:
120分
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中,选出最佳选项。
A
Anewsreleaseisatoolofcommunication,throughwhichinformationispassedtoeventhefarthestendoftheworld.Itkeepsuswellinformedofthehappeningsoftheworldwhichwouldotherwiseremainunknown.
Whenwritinganewsrelease,keepinmindthatthemediareceivehundredsofreleaseseveryday.Trytofollowtheseguidelines:
Keepitshortandprofessional.Comeupwithacatchyheadlinethatwillgraspsomeone'sattention.Sometimesthetitlewilltakemoretimetocomeupwiththanwritingtherelease.That'sokay-theheadlinecouldbecriticalforgettinganeventcovered!
Coverthe5W'sinyourfirstparagraph.Thosearewhoyouare;whatyouaredoing;where,whenyouaredoing;whyyouaredoingit,whichhelpusunderstandthedetailsabouttheevent.Besides,anyopinionsinthenewsreleaseshouldbeputinquotationsfromyourdesignatedspokesperson.Includethingsthatthemediafindsnewsworthy,whichisthemostessential.
Makethetimeonyournewsreleaseatleasthalfanhourlaterthanthetimeyouhavetoldactiviststoshowupatanevent.Thiswillensurethatactivistsarepreparedandinplacebythetimethemediaarrive.
Chooseaspokespersonfortheeventwhocanbequotedinthereleaseandwillbeavailableforcallsatthatnumberthedaybeforetheevent.
Havesomeoneproofthereleaseforspelling,grammarandcontent(determinewhetherwhatyouaretryingtorelayisclearandright).Sometimesthepersonwhowritesthereleasemaynotnoticemistakesthatafreshpairofeyeswillcatch.
Accuracyisthelastbutnotleastimportantintermsofyourcontentandthelocationandtimethatyoutellthemedia.Ifyoudomakeamistake,itiscriticalthatyoucallandnotifythemediaofthecorrection.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
主要告诉我们如何写新闻稿。
1.What'sthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Totellustheimportanceofthenewsrelease.
B.Totellushowtoavoidmistakesinthenewsrelease.
C.Tomakeusknowhowtomakethenewsrelease.
D.Toaskustoreadnewsreleaseonthelatestevents.
解析:
写作意图题。
本文主要告诉我们如何写新闻稿。
第二段中的“Whenwritinganewsrelease...”“Trytofollowtheseguidelines...”是文章的中心所在,其他选项尽管在文中均有所涉及,但都是以偏概全。
答案:
C
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catchy”inPara2probablymean?
A.Tricky. B.Attractive.
C.Imaginary.D.Funny.
解析:
词义猜测题。
根据该词后面“...thatwillgraspsomeone'sattention.”可知该题目应该抓住别人的注意力,因此该新闻稿应该有一个吸引人的题目。
答案:
B
3.Whatisthemostimportantforanewsreleaseaccordingtothepassage?
A.Makesurethe5W'sinyourfirstparagraph.
B.Chooseaproperspokespersonfortheevent.
C.Makethenewsreleasenewsworthyandaccuracy.
D.Ensureactivistsarepreparedfortheeventsinadvance.
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第三段最后一句“Includethingsthatthemediafindsnewsworthy,whichisthemostessential...”以及最后一段“Accuracyisthelastbutnotleastimportant...”可知写新闻稿时,最重要的是该新闻有报道价值并且精确。
答案:
C
4.WhichofthefollowingisRIGHTaccordingtothepassage?
A.Anewsreleaseismoreimportantthananyothermedium.
B.Anyopinionsinthenewsreleaseshouldhavequotations.
C.Themaintaskofthespokespersonistocorrectthemistakesbythewriter.
D.Lackingexperience,thepersonwhowritesthereleasemaymakemistakes.
解析:
细节理解题。
原文并没有将新闻稿与其他媒体对比,所以选项A错误;选项B与原文第三段“Besides,anyopinionsinthenewsreleaseshouldbeputinquotationsfromyourdesignatedspokesperson”不符,曲解文意;原文并没有说发言人的任务是改错,所以选项C错误;根据倒数第二段“Sometimesthepersonwhowritesthereleasemaynotnoticemistakesthatafreshpairofeyeswillcatch.”可知新手注意不到自己所犯的错误,与选项D吻合。
答案:
D
B
Themediaprovidesuswiththeobservationsandexperiencesfromwhichwebuildupourpersonalunderstandingoftheworldandhowitworks.Muchofourviewofrealityisbasedonmediamessages.Themedia,toagreatextent,givesusoursenseofreality.
Freedomofthemediacarrieswithitcertainresponsibilitiesofhonesty,fairness,accuracyandaccount-ability.Thepowerofthemediatocreateanddestroyhumanvaluescomeswithgreatresponsibility.
Themediaispowerfulinthepoliticalsystem,havinggreatinfluenceonpoliticsandonformingsocialchange.Thepoweristodecidewhowillcommunicatewhattowhom.Televisioncangreatlyinfluencetheelectionofanationalleaderonthebasisofhisorherimage.
Professionaljournalistsdohaveacodeofethics(道德标准).Journalistsmakeajudgmentaboutwhat'ssafeandappropriatetoreport,whichofteninvolvesdifficultchoices.GermansociologistMaxWeberdistinguishesbetween“ethicsofconviction”and“ethicsofresponsibility”.Accordingtothelatter(ethicsofresponsibility),journalistsmusttakeintoaccounttheforeseeableconsequencesoftheirreporting,andtheimpactitwillhaveonsociety.Theformer,ontheotherhand,asksjournaliststotellthetruth,regardlessoftheconsequences.AccordingtoWeber,bothideasofethicsshouldbeconsidered.
Withoutdoubt,informationispower,andthebigownersofthemassmediaareverypowerfulpeople.Televisionandradiostations,newspapers,magazines,andwebsitesare,largely,ownedandcontrolledbyprofit-makingbusinesses.Itisnotstrangethattheirideaswillgetpromotedattimes.
Itismyviewthatsuchpowerandresponsibilityshouldneverbeleftinthehandsofafew.Ibelieveitisourresponsibilityasconcernedcitizenstomakesurewearenotmerelypassiveviewers,readersorlisteners.Togetherwecanhaveahugeinfluenceonthemediabymakingourviewsknown.
【语篇解读】 媒体对公众的价值观,对整个社会有着很大的影响,因此应肩负起相应的责任。
5.What'sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Responsibilitiesofthemedia.
B.Influenceofthemedia.
C.Historyofthemedia.
D.Problemsofthemedia.
解析:
主旨大意题。
第一段主要介绍媒体是如何影响公众的。
答案:
B
6.Wecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthat________.
A.themediaismoreinterestedinpoliticsthanotherfields
B.formingsocialchangeisthemaindutyofthemedia
C.thegreatpowerofthemediaiscontrolledbypoliticalfigures
D.themediacanaffectpoliticsbyformingpoliticalfigures'images
解析:
推理判断题。
从第三段的最后一句“Televisioncangreatlyinfluencetheelectionofanationalleaderonthebasisofhisorherimage.”可知D项正确。
答案:
D
7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Themassmediashouldbeownedbythegovernment.
B.Themediaindustryhasdevelopedintoanewageinrecentyears.
C.Inmostcases,journalistsaremorepowerfulthantheownersofthemedia.
D.Themediatendstopromotetheideasoftheirownerssometimes.
解析:
细节理解题。
从第五段的最后一句“Itisnotstrangethattheirideaswillgetpromotedattimes.”可知D项正确。
答案:
D
C
Depressionismuchhigheramongstfemalebossesthanmalebosses,anewUSsurveyfinds.DrTetyanaPudrovska,thestudy'sfirstauthor,explained:
“Womenwithjobauthority-theabilitytohire,fire,andinfluencepay-havegreatlymoresymptomsofdepressionthanwomenwithoutthispower.Butmenwithjobauthorityhavefewersymptomsofdepressionthanmenwithoutsuchpower.”
Thestudyfollowed1,500middle-agedwomenand1,300middle-agedmenwhoallgraduatedfromhighschoolsinWisconsin.Themenandwomenweresurveyedin1993and2004tolookattheconnectionbetweenhowmuchauthoritytheyhadatworkandsymptomsofdepression.
Theresultsshowedthatamongstmenandwomenwithlowerlevelsofauthorityatwork,womenhadslightlyhigherlevelsofdepression.Thisisnormalsinceoverallwomensufferfromdepressionslightlymorethanmen.Amongstmenandwomenwithhigherlevelsofauthorityatwork,however,itwaswomenwhohadmanymoresymptomsofdepressionthanmen.Meninauthorityactuallyhada10%lowerriskofdepression,whileauthorityincreasedtheriskofwomenhavingdepressivesymptomsby9%.
DrPudrovskacontinued:
“Whatshockedusisthatwomenwithjobauthorityinourstudyareadvantagedintermsofmostcharacteristicsthatarestrongsignsofpositivementalhealth.Thesewomenhavemoreeducation,higherincomes,betterjobs,andhigherlevelsofjobsatisfactionthanwomenwithoutjobauthority.Yet,theyhaveworsementalhealththanlower-status(地位)women.”
Thecauseofthisdiscrepancyisnotknown,butDrPudrovskasays:
“Yearsofsocialscienceresearchsuggeststhatwomeninauthoritypositionsdealwithinterpersonalanxiety,negativesocialinteractions,negativestereotypes,prejudice,socialisolation(社会孤立),aswellasresistance(抵抗)fromcolleagues.Womeninauthoritypositionsareviewedaslackingintheassertiveness(果断)andconfidenceofstrongleaders.Butwhenthesewomendisplaysuchcharacteristics,theyarejudgednegativelyforbeingunfeminine(不像女性的).Thiscausesmentalstress.”
Men,ontheotherhand,donothavetofacethesekindsofnegativestereotypesabouttheirabilities.
【语篇解读】 最新的研究表明:
女性上司比男性上司更容易在工作中感受到压力。
8.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.Femalebossesgetlessstressfromworkthanmalebosses.
B.Femalebossesgetthesamestressfromworkasmalebosses.
C.Femalebossesgetthesamestressfromworkasemployees.
D.Femalebossesgetmorestressfromworkthanmalebosses.
解析:
主旨大意题。
文章开篇点题“Depressionismuchhigheramongstfemalebossesthanmalebosses,anewUSsurveyfinds.”可知,女性上司比男性上司更容易在工作中感受到压力。
答案:
D
9.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?
A.Thehigherlevelsofauthority,thefewerwomensufferdepression.
B.Thehigherlevelsofauthority,themorewomensufferdepression.
C.Thelowerlevelsofauthority,themoremensufferdepression.
D.Thelowerlevelsofauthority,themorewomensufferdepression.
解析:
推理判断题。
根据第三段“Theresultsshowed...however,itwaswomenwhohadmanymoresymptomsofdepressionthanmen.”可知,调查结果显示,在同时处于较低工作地位的男女中,女性患抑郁症的概率稍微比男性高一点。
女性患抑郁症的概率高于男性是一种很正常的现象。
然而,在较高工作地位上,女性比男性更易患抑郁症。
由此推知,职位越高,女性越容易患抑郁症。
答案:
B
10.WhatdidDrPudrovskathinkoftheresults?
A.Exciting.B.Surprising.
C.Disappointing.D.Inspiring.
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第四段“Whatshocke
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