英语六级阅读理解100篇可再生能源doc.docx
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英语六级阅读理解100篇可再生能源doc.docx
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英语六级阅读理解100篇可再生能源doc
2018年12月英语六级阅读理解100篇:
可再生能源
RenewableEnergyInthepastcentury,ithasbeenseenthattheconsumptionofnon-renewablesourcesofenergyhascausedmoreenvironmentaldamagethananyotherhumanactivity.Electricitygeneratedfromfossilfuelssuchascoalandcrudeoilhasledtohighconcentrationsofharmfulgasesintheatmosphere.Thishasinturnledtomanyproblemsbeingfacedtodaysuchasozonedepletionandglobalwarming.Vehicularpollutionhasalsobeenamajorproblem.Therefore,alternativesourcesofenergyhavebecomeveryimportantandrelevanttotoday’sworld.Thesesources,suchasthesunandwind,canneverbeexhaustedandthereforearccalledrenewable.Theycauselessemissionandareavailablelocally.Theirusecan.toalargeextent,reducechemical,radioactive,andthermalpollution.Theystandoutasaviablesourceofcleanandlimitlessenergy.Thesearealsoknownasnon-conventionalsourcesofenergy.Mostoftherenewablesourcesofenergyarefairfynon-pollutingandconsideredcleanthoughbiomass,arenewablesource,isamajorpolluterindoors.SolarEnergySolarenergyisthemostreadilyavailablesourceofenergy.Itdoesnotbelongtoanybodyandis,therefore,free.Itisalsothemostimportantofthenon-conventionalsourcesofenergybecauseitisnon-pollutingand,therefore.helpsinlesseningthegreenhouseeffect.Solarenergyhasbeenusedsinceprehistorictimes.butinamostprimitivemanner.Before1970,someresearchanddevelopmentwascarriedoutinafewcountriestoexploitsolarenergymoreefficiently,butmostofthisworkremainedmainlyacademic.Afterthedramaticriseinoilpricesinthe1970s,severalcountriesbegantoformulateextensiveresearchanddevelopmentprogrammestoexploitsolarenergy.Whenwehangoutourclothestodryinthesun,weusetheenergyofthesun.Inthesameway,solarpanelsabsorbtheenergyofthesuntoprovideheatforcookingandforheatingwater.Suchsystemsareavailableinthemarketandarebeingusedinhomesandfactories.Solarenergycanalsobeursedtomeetourelectricityrequirements.ThroughSolarPhotovoltaic(SPV)cells,solarradiationgetsconvertedintoDCelectricitydirectly.Thiselectricitycaneitherbeusedasitisorcanbestoredinthebattery.Thisstoredelectricalenergythencanbeusedacnight.HydroPowerHydropowerisoneofthebest,cheapest,andcleanestsourceofenergy,although,withbigdams,therearemanyenvironmentalandsocialproblems.Smalldamsare,however,freefromtheseproblems.Thisisinfactoneoftheearliestknownrenewableenergysources.inthecountry(sincethebeginningofthe20thcentury).Infact,forthelastfewhundredyears,peoplelivinginthehillsoftheHimalayashavebeenusingwatermills.orchakki,togrindwheat.Besidesbeingfreefromtheproblemofpollution.smallhydropowerplantsarealsofreefromissuesandcontroversiesthatareassociatedwiththebiggerprojects.namelyaffectingthelivesofthousandsofpeoplelivingalongthebanksoftherivers.destructionoflargeareasunderforest.andseismologicalthreats.Newenvironmentallawsaffectedbythedangerofglobalwarminghavemadeenergyfromsmallhydropowerplantsmorerelevant.Thesesmallhydropowerpiantscanservetheenergyneedsofremoteruralareasindependently.Therealchallengeinaremotearealiesinsuccessfulmarketingoftheenergyandrecoveringthedues.Localindustriesshouldbeencouragedtousethiselectricityforsustainabledevelopment.Itisatechnologywithenormouspotential.whichcouldexploitthewaterresourcestosupplyenergytoremoteruralareaswithlittleaccesstoconventionalenergysources.Italsoeliminatesmostofthenegativeenvironmentaleffectsassociatedwithlargehydroprojects.EnergyFromtheSea-OceanThermal,TidalandWaveEnergyOnanaveraige,the60millionsquarekilometreofthetropicalseasabsorbsolarradiationequivalenttotheheatcontentof245billionbarrelsofoil.Scientistsfeelthatifthisenergycanbetappedalargesourceofenergywillbeavailabletothetropicalcountriesandtoothercountriesaswell.TheprocessofharnessingthisenergyiscalledOTEC(oceanthermalenergyconversion).ItusesthetemperaturedifferencesbetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandthedepthsofaboutlOOOmtooperateaheatengine.whichproduceselectricpower.Energyisalsoobtainedfromwavcsandtides.InsomecountriessuchasJapansmallscalepowergeneratorsrunbyenergyfromwavesoftheocean,havebeenusedaspowersourcesforchannclmarkingbuoys.BiomassBiomassisarenewableenergyresourcederivedfromthecarbonaceouswasteofvarioushumanandnaturalactivities.Itisderivedfromnumeroussources,includingtheby-productsfromthetimberindustry.agriculturalcrops,rawmaterialfromtheforest,majorpartsofhouseholdwasteandwood.Biomassdoesnotaddcarbondioxidetotheatmosphereasitabsorbsthe
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