新疆生产建设兵团高二英语下学期第四次月考.docx
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新疆生产建设兵团高二英语下学期第四次月考.docx
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新疆生产建设兵团高二英语下学期第四次月考
高二年级第二学期第四次月考英语试卷
I.阅读理解(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)
A
WinterbeginsinthenorthonDecember22nd.Peopleandanimalshavebeendoingwhattheyalwaysdotoprepareforthecoldermonths.Squirrels(松鼠),forexample,havebeenbusygatheringnutsfromtrees.Well,scientistshavebeenbusygatheringinformationaboutwhatthesquirrelsdowiththefoodtheycollect.
TheyexamineddifferencesbetweenredsquirrelsandgraysquirrelsintheAmericanstateofIndiana.Thescientistswantedtoknowhowthesedifferencescouldaffectthegrowthofblackwalnut(黑胡桃)trees.Theblackwalnutisthenutofchoiceforbothkindsofsquirrels.Theblackwalnuttreeisalsoacentralpartofsomehardwoodforests.
RobSwihartofPurdueUniversitydidthestudywithJakeGoheen,aformerPurduestudentnowattheUniversityofNewMexico.Thetworesearchersestimatethatseveraltimesasmanywalnutsgrowwhengatheredbygraysquirrelsascomparedtoredsquirrels.Graysquirrelsandredsquirrelsdonotstorenutsandseedsinthesameway.Graysquirrelsburynutsoneatatimeinanumberofplaces.Buttheyseldomrememberwheretheyburiedeverynut.Sosomenutsremainintheground.Conditionsarerightforthemtodevelopandgrowthefollowingspring.Redsquirrels,however,storelargegroupsofnutsaboveground.ProfessorSwihartcalls“deathtrapsforseeds”.
GraysquirrelsarenativetoIndiana.ButProfessorSwihartsaystheirnumbersbegantodecreaseasmoreforestswerecutforagriculture.Redsquirrelsbegantospreadthroughthestateduringthepastcentury.
Theresearcherssayredsquirrelsarenativetoforeststhatstaygreenallyear,unlikewalnuttrees.TheysaythecleaningofforestlandforagriculturehashelpedredsquirrelsinvadeIndiana.JakeGoheencallsthemasignofanenvironmentalproblemmorethanacause.
1.ThestudydonebyRobSwihartandJakeGoheenisto________.
A.findoutthelivingconditionsforsquirrels
B.learnsquirrels’influenceonblackwalnuttrees
C.dosomethingtogetridofsquirrels
D.savetheforestsintheAmericanstateofIndiana
2.Thedifferencebetweengraysquirrelsandredsquirrelsmainlyliesin________.
A.thewaytheygatherthewalnutB.thetimetheyhavewintersleep
C.theplacetheyhavewintersleepD.theplacetheystorethewalnuts
3.WhenProfessorSwihartsays“deathtrapsforseeds”,heactuallymeansthat________.
A.redsquirrelseatmorenutsthangraysquirrels
B.graysquirrelsandredsquirrelswillhaveseverefights
C.nutsabovethegroundwillnotdevelopintoplants
D.seedscanbetrapsforotheranimalsintheforest
4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Theblackwalnutisequallyattractivetobothgrayandredsquirrels.
B.Graysquirrelsdomoreharmtotheforestthanredsquirrels.
C.Redsquirrelsandgraysquirrelshavehelpedthespreadofwalnuttrees.
D.Thecleaningofforestlandbenefitsredsquirrelsdirectly.
B
TheNationalGallery
Description:
TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.
Layout:
ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13th-to15th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeDuccio,Uccello,VanEyck,Lippi,Mantegna,BotticelliandMemling.
ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci,Cranach,Michelangelo,Raphael,Bruegel,Bronzino,TitianandVeronese.
TheNorthWinghouses17th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCaravaggio,Rubens,Poussin,VanDyck,Velázquez,ClaudeandVermeer.
TheEastWinghouses18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.
OpeningHours:
TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm)andisfree,butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.
GettingThere:
NearestundergroundstationsCharingCross(2-minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3-minutewalk),Embankment(7-minutewalk),andPiccadillyCircus(8-minutewalk).
5.Inwhichcentury’scollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?
A.The13th.B.The17th.C.The18th.D.The20th.
6.WhereareLeonardodaVinci’sworksshown?
A.IntheEastWing.B.InthemainWestWing.
C.IntheSainsburyWing.D.IntheNorthWing.
7.WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery?
A.PiccadillyCircus.B.LeicesterSquare.C.Embankment.D.CharingCross.
C
Whenanantdies,otherantstakeitoutofthenest,oftenwithinanhourafteritsdeath.Thisbehaviorinterestsscientistsandtheywonderhowantsknowforsure—andsosoon—thatanotherantisdead.
Onescientistrecentlycameupwithawaytoexplainthisantbehavior.Dong-HwanChoeisabiologist,ascientistwhostudiesanimalsandplants.Hefoundthatantshaveachemicalontheoutsideoftheirbodiesthatsignalstootherants,“I'mdead—takemeaway”whenitisdead.
Butthere'saquestiontoanswer:
Asweknow,ifanantisdead,itstopsmoving.Butwhenanantissleepingorknockedunconscious,itisalsonotmoving.However,otherantsdon'tmovethelivingantoutofthenest.Howdotheyknowthisantisnotdead?
Choefoundthatantshaveanotherchemicalontheirbodies,whichtellsnearbyantssomethinglike,“Wait—I'mnotdeadyet”whenitisnotdead.Choesuspectsthatwhenanantdies,thechemicalthatsays,“Wait—I'mnotdeadyet”quicklygoesaway.Whenotherantsdetectthe“dead”chemicalwithoutthe“notdeadyet”chemical,theymoveawaythebody.
Totesthistheory,Choeandhisteamputdifferentchemicalsonants.Whenthescientistsusedthe“I'mdead”chemical,otherantsquicklymovedthetreatedantaway.Whenthescientistsusedthe“Wait—I'mnotdeadyet”chemical,otherantsleftthetreatedantalone.Choebelievesthisbehaviorshowsthatthe“notdeadyet”chemicaloverridesthe“dead”chemicalwhenpickedupbyotherants.Andthatwhenanantdies,the“notdeadyet”chemicalfadesaway.Othernearbyantsthendetecttheremaining“dead”chemicalandremovethebodyfromthenest.
Understandingthisbehaviorcanhelpscientistsfigureouthowtostopantsfrominvadingnewplacesandcausingproblems.
8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?
A.Leadingthefollowingparagraphs.B.Showingthemainideaofthepassage.
C.Introducingthebackgroundofthepassage.D.Givingasummaryofthepassage.
9.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“overrides”inthefourthparagraph?
A.isweakerthanB.isstrongerthanC.isbetterthanD.isworsethan
10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Livingantscanalsobetakenawaywhentheyarenotmoving.
B.Whenanantdies,itcantellothersusingacertainchemical.
C.Alivingantcanpretendtobedeadusingaspecialchemical.
D.Antsoftenusechemicalstocommunicatewitheachother.
11.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutDong-HwanChoeisright?
A.Choedidthisstudyinordertostopantsfrominvadingnewplaces.
B.Choeisabiologistwhoisonlyinterestedinanimals,especiallyinants.
C.Choefirstcameupwithanideatoexplainthisantbehavior,andthendidsometeststoprovehistheory.
D.Choedidtheresearchonthisantbehavioronhisown.
D
Candogsandcatsgetalongwellinthesamehome?
Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutgettingadogasafriendfortheircatareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundthatifthecatistakenbackhomebeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Intwo-thirdsofthehomescatsanddogshaveagoodrelationship.
However,itwasn’tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggression(侵略,好斗)andfightingwerefoundin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodylanguagesarejustdifferent.Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadawayitmeansaggression,whileadogdoingthesamemeanssubmission(顺从).
Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersfoundasurprisingbehavior.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother’slanguage.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk“Dog”,anddogscanlearnhowtotalk“Cat”.
What’sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtobecomesmarter.Theycanlearntoreadeachother’sbodylanguages,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwasexpected.Oncefamiliarwitheachother’sbodylanguage,catsanddogscanplaytogether,andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa.
Theimportanceofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets—topeoplewhodon’tgetalongwell,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevencountries.Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.
12.Theunderlinedword“swimmingly”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.
A.earlyB.mostlyC.quicklyD.smoothly
13.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen________.
A.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfromeachother
C.theyareintroducedatanearlyageD.theymisunderstandeachother’sbodylanguages
14.ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs________.
A.havecommoninterestsB.arelessdifferentthanwasthought
C.haveacommonbodylanguageD.arenotsosmartaswas
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