高中英语阅读理解.docx
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高中英语阅读理解.docx
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高中英语阅读理解
说明文类(I)★
WatergoesaroundandaroundEarthinaneverendingjourneycalledthewatercycle(循环).Thesunheatsuplakes,oceans,andotherwetplacesonEarth.Whenthewatergetswarmenough,itchangesintovapour.Plantsalsogiveofflotsofwatervapour.Someofthiswatervapourcoolsoffhighintheskyandbecomesclouds.ThenitfallsbacktoEarthinanewplaceasrainorsnow.Thiscyclehappensoverandoveragain.
Thegroundcanabsorbwaterlikeasponge(海绵).Ifyoucouldseethisgroundwater,itwouldn’tlooklikealakeorriver.Thegroundwaterismixedinwiththerocksandsandthatlieinlayers(层)belowEarth’ssurface.
Groundwatermovesalongslowly.Howslowly?
Maybe1.5kilometresinonecentury.Someofthiswaterhasbeenundergroundforthousandsofyears.Andoncegroundwaterispumpedoutofthegroundfromadeepwell(井)bypeople,itmaytakehundredsofyearsforanotherwatertotakeitsplace.
35.InwhichorderdoeswatergoaroundEarth?
a.Falldownasrainorsnow.
b.Heatedupbythesunonlakes,oceansandotherwetplaces.
c.Cooloffhighinthesky.
d.Formclouds.
e.Changeintovapour.
A.dacbeB.becdaC.caebdD.bceda
36.Thegroundwaterseemsto________.
A.bejustonthegroundB.bepurewaterlikethatinalakeorriver
C.existinrocksandsandD.flowalonglikeriversorstreams
37.Theunderlinedword“pumped”inthepassagecanbereplacedby________.
A.runB.pushedC.drawnD.picked
38.Whatconclusion(结论)canwedrawfromthepassage?
A.Groundwatercanbequicklyreplacedbyotherwateroncepumpedout.
B.Groundwaterisveryvaluable.
C.Groundwaterhasnothingtodowithhumanbeings.
D.Groundwatertravelinanunknownway.
(II)★★★
Satellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexample,theinformationforweatherforecastsissentbysatellite.SomesatelliteshavecameraswhichtakephotographsoftheEarthtoshowhowcloudsaremoving.Satellitesarealsousedtoconnectourinternationalphonecalls.
ComputerconnectionsoftheWorldWideWebandInternetalsousesatellites.ManyofourTVprogramscometoUSthroughsatellites.Airplanepilotsalsosometimesuseasatellitetohelpthemfindtheirexactlocation.
Weusesatellitestosendtelevisionpicturesfromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Theyareusually35,880kilometersabovetheequator.Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11,000kilometersanhour—exactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates.AsatellitemustorbittheEarthwithitsantennae(天线)facingtheearth.Sometimes,itmovesawayfromitsorbit,Sotherearelittlerocketsonitwhichareusedtoputthesatellitebackintherightposition.Thisusuallyhappensabouteveryfiveorsixdays.
Spaceisnotempty!
Everyweek,moreandmoresatellitesaresentintospacetoorbittheEarth.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10-12years.SatelliteswhicharebrokenaresometimesrepairedbyastronautsorsometimesbroughtbacktoEarthtoberepaired.Often,veryoldorbrokensatellitesareleftinspacetoorbittheEarthforaverylongtime.Thisisveryseriousbecausesomesatellitesusenuclearpowerandtheycancrashintoeachother.
1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebysatellitesaccordingtothepassage?
A.Sendinginformationforweatherforecast.B.TakingphotographsoftheEarth.
C.SendingTVpictures.D.Providingfoodforairplanepilots.
2.What’sthespeedtheearthrotatesat?
A.35,880kilometersperhour.B.335,880kilometersperhour.
C.11,000kilometersperhour.D.110,000kilometersperhour
3.WhydoesthesatellitemovearoundtheworldatthesamespeedastheEarthrotates?
A.Inordertotakephotographs.
B.Inordertostayinacertainpositionintheorbit.
C.Inordertomoveawayfromitsorbit.
D.Inordertosendtelevisionpictures.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inthe3rdparagraphreferto?
A.Asatellite.B.Alittlerocket.
C.Asatelliteseemstostayinthesameplaceinthesky.
D.Thesatelliteputstherocketsintherightposition.
5.Whichistrueofsatellites?
A.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10-12years.
B.Everytimeasatellitegetsbroken,itisbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.
C.Abrokensatelliteisneverleftinspace.
D.Theyoftencrashintoeachother.
(III)★★★
CancerresearchersurgedpeopleonWednesdaytotakemorevitaminDtolowerriskofcancer,sayingstudiesshowedaclearlink.“Oursuggestionisforpeopletoincreasetheirintake(吸入,摄入),throughdietoravitaminsupplement,”Dr.CedricGarlandsaidinatelephoneinterview.
Garland'sresearchteamreviewed63studies,includingseverallargelong-termones,ontherelationshipbetweenvitaminDandcertaintypesofcancerworldwidebetween1966and2004.“There'snothingthathasthisabilitytopreventcancer,”hesaid,urginggovernmentsandpublichealthofficialstodomoretofortify(增强)foodswithvitaminD.GarlandispartofaUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiegoMooresCancerCenterteamthatpublisheditsfindingsthisweekonlineintheAmericanJournalofPublicHealth.VitaminDisfoundinmilk,aswellasinsomefortifiedorangejuice,yogurtandcheeses,usuallyataround100internationalunits(IU)aserving.“Peoplemightwanttoconsideravitaminsupplementtoraisetheirintaketo1000IUsperday”Garlandsaid,addingthatitwaswellwithinthesafetyguidelinesestablishedbytheNationalAcademyofSciences.
TheauthorssaidthattakingmorevitaminDcouldbeespeciallyimportantforpeoplelivinginnorthernareas,whichreceivelessvitaminDfromsunshine.
“AfricanAmericans,whodon'tproduceasmuchofthevitaminbecauseoftheirskincolour,couldalsobenefitsignificantlyfromahigherintake,”theauthorssaid.
1.Accordingtothepassage,peopleareadvisedtotakemoreVitaminD,because__.
A.itisnutritiousB.itcan‘tharmpeople’shealthC.itcanlowercancerriskD.itisnottakenenougheveryday
2.WhichofthefollowingcannothelppeoplegetmoreVitaminD?
A.HavesomesunshineB.Havemoremeat
C.HavemorefortifiedcheeseD.Haveavitaminsupplement
3.WhocanGarlandprobablybe?
A.AhealthresearcherB.AdoctorC.AscientistD.Apublichealthofficial
4.Whichofthefollowingfoodcanlowerpeople‘schanceofgettingcancer?
A.MilkB.FortifiedorangejuiceC.FortifiedyogurtD.Alloftheabove
5.PeoplefromwhichareashouldtakemoreVitaminDaccordingtothepassage?
A.AsianpeopleB.AfricanpeopleC.AmericanpeopleD.Europeanpeople
(IV)★★★
Greenisanimportantcolorinnature.Itisthecolorofgrassandtheleavesontrees.Itisalsothecolorofmostgrowingplants.
Sometimes,thewordgreenmeansyoung,freshandgrowing.Sometimes,itdescribessomethingthatisnotyetripeorfinished.Forexample,agreenhornissomeonewhohasnoexperience,whoisnewtoasituation.Inthefifteenthcentury,agreenhornwasayoungcoworoxwhosehorns(角)hadnotyetdeveloped.Acenturylater,agreenhornwasasoldierwhohadnotyethadanyexperienceinbattle.Bytheeighteenthcentury,agreenhornhadthemeaningithastoday—apersonwhoisnewinajob.
Someonewhohastheabilitytogrowplantswellissaidtohaveagreenthumb.Theexpressioncomesfromearlynineteenhundreds.Apersonwithagreenthumbseemstohaveamagictouchthatmakesplantsgrowquicklyandwell.Youmightsaythatthewomannextdoorhasagreenthumbifhergardencontinuestogrowlongafteryourplantshavedied.
w_ww.k#s5_u.co*m
TheGreenRevolutionisthenamegivensomeyearsagotothedevelopmentofnewkindsofriceandothergrains.Thenewplantsproducedmuchlargercrops.TheGreenRevolutionwastheresultofhardworkbyagriculturalscientistswhohadgreenthumbs.w_w*w.k*s_5_u.c*o*m
Greenisalsothecolorusedtodescribethepowerfulfeeling,jealousy(嫉妒).Thegreen-eyedmonsterisnotafrighteningcreaturefromouterspace.ItisanexpressionusedaboutfourhundredyearsagobyBritishwriterWilliamShakespeareinhisplay“Othello”.Itdescribestheunpleasantfeelingapersonhaswhensomeonehassomethinghewants.Ayoungmanmaysufferfromthegreen-eyedmonsterifhisgirlfriendbeginsgoingoutwithsomeoneelse.Or,thatgreen-eyedmonstermayaffectyourfriendifyougetapayriseandhedoesnot.
1.Agreenhornnowrefersto____.
A.apersonwhoisnewinajobB.anewsoliderC.ayounghorseD.acowwithouthorns
2.Apersonwhohasagreenthumbisaperson____.
A.whoisgoodatgrowingplantsB.whosethumbsareofgreencolor
C.whosegardenisgreenerthanothers’D.whoisyoungerthanhisneighbors
3.Theauthorisactuallytalkingabout____.
A.colorsB.languageC.politicsD.agriculture
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Inaboutthe16thcentury,agreenhornmeantanexperiencedsoldier.
B.TheGreenRevolutionmayhavesomeconnectionwithgreenthumbs.
C.Thegreen-eyedmonsterwasprobablycreatedbyWilliamShakespeare.
D.Thegreen-eyedmonstercanbeusedtodescribeapersonwhoisjealous.
(V)★★★
Peoplewithdisabilitiesmakeupalargepartofthepopulation.Itisestimatedthatover35millionAmericanshavephysical,mental,orotherdisabilities.Abouthalfofthesedisabilitiesare“developmental",i.e.,theyoccurbeforetheindividual'stwenty-secondbirthday,oftenfromgeneticconditions,andaresevereenoughtoaffectthreeormoreareasofdevelopment,suchasmobility,communication,employment,etc.Mostotherdisabilitiesareconsidered“adventitious",i.e.,accidentalorcausedbyoutsideforces.
Priortothe20thcentury,onlyasmallpercentageofpeopl
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