科学备考届高考英语书面表达专题集结17概要写作二.docx
- 文档编号:24615904
- 上传时间:2023-05-29
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:11
- 大小:22.40KB
科学备考届高考英语书面表达专题集结17概要写作二.docx
《科学备考届高考英语书面表达专题集结17概要写作二.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《科学备考届高考英语书面表达专题集结17概要写作二.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
科学备考届高考英语书面表达专题集结17概要写作二
概要写作
(二)
1、SummaryWriting
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
AWorkaholicEconomy
Althoughtheoutputperhourofworkhasmorethandoubledsince1945,leisureseemsreservedlargelyfortheunemployedandunderemployed.Thosewhoworkfull-timespendasmuchtimeonthejobastheydidattheendofWorldWarⅡ.Infact,workinghourshaveincreasednoticeablysince1970.Bookstoresnowaboundwithmanualsdescribinghowtomanagetimeandcopewithstress.
Therearemainlytworeasonsforlostleisure.
Since1970,companieshaverespondedtoimprovementsinthebusinessclimatebyhavingemployeesworkovertimeratherthanbyhiringextrapersonnel.Somefirmsareevendownsizingastheirprofitsclimb.Ahostoffactorspushesemployerstohirefewerworkersformorehoursand,atthesametime,compelsworkerstospendmoretimeonthejob.Mostofthoseincentives(诱因)involvethestructureofcompensation(报酬).Thewaysalariesandbenefitsareorganizedmakesitmoreprofitabletoask40employeestolaboranextrahoureachthantohireonemoreworkertodothesame40-hourjob.Oncepeopleareonsalary,theircosttoafirmisthesamewhethertheyspend35hoursaweekintheofficeor70.Therefore,itismoreprofitableforemployerstoworktheirexistingemployeesharder.
Forallthatemployeescomplainaboutlonghours,they,too,havereasonsnottotrademoneyforleisure.“Peoplewhoworkreducedhourspayahugepenaltyincareerterms,”BailynofMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologymaintains.“It’stakenasanegativesignalabouttheircommitmenttothefirm.”Headdsthatmanycorporatemanagersfinditdifficulttomeasurethecontributionoftheiremployeestoafirm’swell-being,sotheyestimatestaffproductivityintermsofhoursworked.Employeesknowthis,andtheyadjusttheirbehavioraccordingly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
Peopleactuallyworkmorehoursthanbeforedespitetheincreasedproductivity.Ononehand,it'sbecausethepaymentdistributionsystemmakesiteconomicalforcompaniestohaveemployeesworkovertimethanhiringmorepeople.Ontheotherhand,employeestendtoworklonghoursbecausetheirworkingtimeislinkedtotheircontributiontothefirm.
2、SummaryWriting
QuietVirtue:
TheConscientious
Theeverydaysignsofconscientiousness(认真尽责)—beingpunctual,carefulindoingwork,self-disciplined,andscrupulous(一丝不苟的)inattendingtoresponsibilities—aretypicalcharacteristicsofthemodelorganizationalcitizen,thepeoplewhokeepthingsrunningastheyshould.Theyfollowtherules,helpout,andareconcernedaboutthepeopletheyworkwith.It’stheconscientiousworkerwhohelpsnewcomersorupdatespeoplewhoreturnafteranabsence,whogetstoworkontimeandneverabusessickleaves,whoalwaysgetsthingsdoneondeadline.
Conscientiousnessisakeytosuccessinanyfield.Instudiesofjobperformance,outstandingeffectivenessforalmostalljobs,fromsemi-skilledlabortosalesandmanagement,dependsonconscientiousness.AmongsalesrepresentativesforalargeAmericancarmanufacturer,thosewhoweremostconscientioushadthelargestvolumeofsales.
Conscientiousnessalsooffersabuffer(缓冲)againstthethreatofjoblossintoday’sconstantlychangingmarket,becauseemployeeswiththisqualityareamongthemostvalued.Forthesalesrepresentatives,theirlevelofconscientiousnessmatteredalmostasmuchastheirsalesindeterminingwhostayedon.
Butconscientiousnessintheabsenceofsocialskillscanleadtoproblems.Sinceconscientiouspeopledemandsomuchofthemselves,theycanholdotherpeopletotheirownstandards,andsobeoverlyjudgmentalwhenothersdon’tshowthesamehighlevelsofmodelbehavior.Factoryworkerswhowereextremelyconscientious,forexample,tendedtocriticizeco-workersevenaboutfailuresthatseemedunimportanttothosetheycriticized,whichdamagedtheirrelationships.
Whenconscientiousnesstakestheformoflivinguptoexpectations,itcandiscouragecreativity.Successincreativeprofessionslikeartoradvertisingcallsforabalancebetweenwildideasandconscientiousness.Withoutenoughconscientiousnesstofollowthrough,peoplebecomemeredreamers,withnothingtoshowfortheirimaginativeness.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1.Conscientiousnessisthefeatureofmodelorganizationalemployeesandkeepsthecompanyfunctioningsuccessfully.
2.Conscientiousnesshasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.
3.Withconscientiousness,employeesgiveoutstandingperformance,sotheyarelesslikelytobejobless.
4.Meanwhile,conscientiouspeoplewithoutsocialskillstendtodohavetenserelationshipwiththeirfellowworkersandconscientiousnesscanalsodamagecreativity.
3、SummaryWriting
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
DoSmartphonesMakeUsSmarter?
Shouldteachersallowcellphonesinaclassroom?
Arecentstudyonthewaysmartphonesdisturblearningmighthelpexplaintheissue.Researcherspublishedfindingsshowinghowstudentswereaffectedbytheirphonesintheclassroom.Theyexploredthedifferencesinstudentperformanceinfoursituations:
openphoneuseallowed,phonesallowedintheclassroombutcouldnotbeused,nophonesintheclassroomandano-instructioncontrolgroup.Afterwatchinga20-minutevideo,studentstookashortquiz.Theresultwasthatthestudentsinaroomwithoutanycellphonesperformedsignificantlybetteronthetest.Scientistsbelievethewayweattachourselvestoourphonescouldbetheproblem.
Smartphoneshavebecomesostronglyestablishedinsocietythatmanypeoplearelostwithoutthem.Wearenowinanagewhenmanypeoplecan’timaginelifewithoutaphone.Thereisevenanamefortheanxietycausedbynothavingone—nomophobia,whichisthepowerfulfeelingpeoplegetwhentheydon’thavesignal,theirbatteryisabouttodie,ortheyareseparatedfromtheirphones.Theirfearofmissingoutonimportantinformationorconnectionscanhaveacontrollingeffectontheirlivesandcandividetheirattentionfromotherimportantthingslikelearning.
Sodoesinformationtechnologyhelporblockthewaywethink?
Inthepast,peoplereliedheavilyonspecificknowledgeandknewwhointheircircleoffriendswouldbemostlikelytoknowthingsindifferentsubjects.Now,ourfriendwithalltheinformationistheInternet.Indicationsarethatpeopledon’trememberinformationaswelliftheyknowtheycanuseacomputerorphonetorecallitquickly.SoitmaybemoredifficulttomoveinformationfromtheInternetintoourlong-termmemory.
Buttheimpactofbeingexposedtosomuchinformationisn’tallbad.ReportsshowthatfrequentInternetusecanstrengthenfast-pacedproblemsolvingandcanspeeduptheabilitytospotpatternsinalotofdata.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
Researchersrecentlyfoundsmartphonesinfluencedlearning.Foronething,smartphoneshavebecomeanessentialpartoflife,withoutwhichpeoplefeelataloss,thusdistractingtheirattentionfromlearning.Foranother,peoplerelysoheavilyonsmartphonesthattheirlong-termmemorycanbeaffected.However,havingaccesstoalargeamountofinformationalsobenefitspeopleinsomeaspects.(60words)
4、SummaryWriting10%Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
BetterMemoryCausesBoredom
Anewstudyshowsthatthebetteryourshort-termmemory,thefasteryoufeelfedupanddecideyou’vehadenough.ThefindingsappearintheJournalofConsumerResearch.
NoelleNelson,assistantprofessorofmarketingandconsumerbehaviorattheUniversityofKansasSchoolofBusiness.SheandhercolleagueJosephReddenattheUniversityofMinnesotatriedtothinkoutsidethelunchbox.“Somethingthatwasinterestingtomeisthatsomepeoplegettiredofthingsatverydifferentrates.Whenyouthinkaboutpopsongsontheradio,somepeoplemuststillbeenjoyingthemandrequestingthemevenafterhearingthemalot.Butalotofotherpeoplearereallysickofthosesamesongs.”Thediffer
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 科学 备考 高考 英语 书面 表达 专题 集结 17 概要 写作