高考英语人教版一轮复习选修6Unit5讲义.docx
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高考英语人教版一轮复习选修6Unit5讲义.docx
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高考英语人教版一轮复习选修6Unit5讲义
话题词汇
1.earthquaken.地震
2.tsunamin.海啸
3.faminen.饥荒
4.sheltern.避难所
5.victimn.受灾者
6.naturaldisaster自然灾害
7.strickenarea受灾地区
8.astateofemergency紧急状态
9.thecaringdonation爱心捐赠
10.donateblood义务献血
经典语篇
近年来地震的频繁发生给人类的生存带来了严重影响,为此你所在的学校要求学生平时多了解关于地震逃生的方法。
现在,请你用英语为班里的同学做一次地震时在室内如何逃生的讲解,请结合下面要点写一篇英语发言稿。
1.来不及跑时可迅速躲到坚固的家具下面或卫生间里面;
2.趴下,闭目,并用毛巾等捂住口鼻,以阻挡灰尘;
3.尽量关掉煤气开关或电器开关;
4.不要外逃或从楼上跳下,不能使用电梯。
注意:
1.词数:
100左右;
2.短文要求包含以上要点,但不必逐条翻译;
3.可以适当发挥,增加细节,以使行文连贯。
佳作欣赏
Mydearclassmates,weallknowthatlifeisprecious.Thenhowcanweprotectourselveswhenwecomeacrossahorribleearthquake?
Nowletmegiveyousomeadviceonhowtosurviveanearthquake①.
Whenaseriousearthquaketakesplace,weshouldhideinabathroomorundersomestrongfurnitureimmediately.Atthesametimewe’dbetterfallonthegroundandcloseoureyeswithatowelonournoseandmouth②tostopthedust.Ifitispossible,pleaseturnoffthegasstop③andtheelectricpowerswitch.Butyoumustn’ttrytorunoutorjumpoffabuilding.Anddoremembernottousetheelevator④.
That’sall.Thankyou!
思维发散
1.仿照第①句用“介词+疑问词+todo...”翻译句子
你们决定好什么时候去上海了吗?
HaveyoudecidedonwhentogotoShanghai?
2.仿照第②句用with复合结构完成句子
有一些问题尚待解决,因此我们还需尽快再召开一次会议。
(2016·江西九江市模拟)
Withseveralproblemsremainingtobesolved,westillneededtoholdanothermeetingassoonaspossible.
3.将第③句改为省略句
Ifpossible,pleaseturnoffthegasstop.
4.仿照第④句用do表示强调翻译句子
务请帮我解答这道数学题。
Dohelpmewiththismathsproblem.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A.写作单词
1.guarantee(vt.)保证;担保
2.wave(n.)波浪;波涛;(vi.)波动;起伏;挥手
3.potential(adj.)可能的;潜在的;(n.)潜在性;可能性;潜能
4.actual(adj.)实在的;实际的
5.candidate(n.)候选人;候补者
6.appoint(vt.)任命;委派
appointment(n.)约会,约定;任命,委任
7.equipment(n.)设备;装备
equip(vt.)装备
8.suit(vt.)适合;使适宜;(n.)套装;一套外衣
suitable(adj.)合适的,适当的
9.shoot(vt.)射中;射伤
shot(n.)射击;枪炮声
10.anxious(adj.)忧虑的;不安的
anxiety(n.)担心;焦虑;渴望
B.阅读单词
11.alongside(adv.)在旁边;沿着边;(prep.)在……旁边;沿着……的边
12.precious(adj.)贵重的;珍贵的
13.unconscious(adj.)失去知觉的;未察觉的
14.tremble(vi.)摇晃;颤抖;摇动
15.panic(vi.&vt.)惊慌;(n.)惊慌;恐慌
16.sweat(n.)汗;(vi.)出汗
17.document(n.)文件;证件
18.typhoon(n.)台风
19.fountain(n.)泉水;喷泉;(v.)泉水般地喷出或涌出
20.questionnaire(n.)问卷;调查表
21.diagram(n.)图解;图表;示意图
22.erupt(vi.)(指火山)爆发;突然发生
eruption(n.)火山爆发;(战争等)爆发
23.evaluate(vt.)评估;估计;评价
evaluation(n.)评估;评价
24.threat(n.)恐吓;威胁
threaten(v.)威胁;恐吓
25.diverse(adj.)多种多样的;不同的
diversity(n.)多种多样;多样性
26.bathe(vi.)洗澡;游泳
bath(n.)洗澡;游泳
27.appreciation(n.)欣赏;感激;感谢
appreciate(vt.)欣赏;感激
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.becomparedwith与……相比
2.protect...from...保护……免受……伤害
3.beappointedas被委派为……
4.burntotheground全部焚毁
5.beabouttodosth.即将做某事;马上就要做某事
6.makeone’sway前往
7.glancethrough匆匆看一遍
8.varyfrom...to...由……到……不等
9.givebirthto生产;产生
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.Howeverweakweare,wearenotcompletelypowerless.
无论我们多么脆弱,我们不是一点力量都没有的。
2.Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation,Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.
收集和评估这些信息之后,我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流,流速是多少。
3.Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.
我刚要再睡,突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
4.Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience,Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.
另外两人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆,我是第一次经历这样的事,所以留在山顶上观察他们。
5.Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有语言天赋和很强的说服能力。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Ioftentraveltounusualplacesandworkalongsidepeoplefromallovertheworld.Usingscientificequipmentand1.collecting(collect)informationaboutvolcanoesismyjob.2.Although/Thoughmyjobisoccasionallydangerous,Idon’tmindbecausedangerexcitesmeandmakesmefeelalive.3.Asisknown,whenlavafromthevolcanoflows,manyhouseswillbecovered4.withlavaorburnttotheground.However,myjobhelpsotherscientistspredict5.wherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast,whichcanhelpprotectordinarypeople6.fromoneofthemostpowerfulforcesonearth—thevolcano.IonceexperiencedtheeruptionofMountKilauea7.andwasluckytohaveacloselookatthe8.absolutely(absolute)fantasticsight.Whenitbrokeout,redlavawasfountainedhundredsofmetersintotheair.Allthelava9.passing(pass)slowlydownthemountaincausedgreatdamageandburiedeverythingin10.itspathunderthemoltenrock.
1.appointvt.任命;委派(choosesb.for);安排,确定(时间、地点)(arrange;decideon)
[应试指导] 求职类写作高频词汇
(1)appointsb.(as/tobe)...任命某人为……
appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事
(2)byappointment按照约定
makeanappointmentwithsb.与某人预约/约会
(1)Theyappointedhim(as/tobe)captainoftheEnglishteam.
他们任命他为英格兰队队长。
(2)Themanagerappointedhimtoreceivethebusinessman.
经理指定他去接待那个商人。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①ThePrimeMinisterhasappointedacivilianasthedefenceminister.
②IhavemadeanappointmentwithDoctorSmith.
③Ourdoctorsareseenbyappointmentonly.
④Thetimeappointed(appoint)forthemeetingwas10:
30.
(2)同义句改写
HewasappointedascaptainofthebasketballteamandledtheplayerstothenextsessionoftheOlympicGames.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
Appointedascaptainofthebasketballteam,heledtheplayerstothenextsessionoftheOlympicGames.
2.suitv.适合;(使)适宜(berightfor);n.诉讼;恳求;套装(asetofclothes)
[多词一义] suitable,fit,suited,appropriate
(1)suitsb.适合某人
suitone’sneeds适合某人的需要
(2)besuitablefor适合于……
besuitabletodosth.适合做某事
(1)Thatcolordoesn’tsuither.
那种颜色不适合她。
(2)Thefilmisnotsuitableforchildren.
这电影不适合孩子。
[词义辨析] suit,match,fit
(1)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等。
(2)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
(3)fit多指大小、形状合适,引申为“吻合,协调”。
多维训练
(1)用suit,match,fit的正确形式填空
Thesizeoftheshirtfitsmewellanditscolormatchesmytie,soitsuitsme.
(2)同义句改写
Thechallengeisfindingsuitablepartnersforthem.(用动词suit和定语从句改写)
Thechallengeisfindingpartnersthatsuitthem.
3.anxiousadj.忧虑的;不安的;渴望的
(1)beanxiousfor/about担心……
beanxioustodo...渴望做……
beanxious+从句(从句中常用虚拟语气)
(2)anxietyn.担心;焦虑;渴望
withanxiety焦急地
(3)anxiouslyadv.焦虑地;急切地
(1)Heisanxiousabouthersafety.
他对她的安全感到焦虑。
(2)Wewaitedwithanxietyforourexaminationresults.
我们焦急地等待着考试结果。
[特别提醒]
(1)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”、“焦急”时,为不可数名词;表示具体意义的“焦虑”或“担心的事”时,则为可数名词。
(2)anxiety表示想得到某物或想做某事,其后通常跟不定式或“for+名词”作定语。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Afterlisteningtohisadviceshehadnomoreanxieties(anxious).
②Hisanxietytogo(go)wasobvious.
③Hisanxietyforknowledgedeservesourpraise.
④Hewasanxiousthatthey(should)have(have)alltheywant.
⑤Anxiously(anxious),shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn’tfit.
(2)同义句改写
Shelookedathersickchildandwasveryanxious.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
Shelookedathersickchild,veryanxious.
4.guaranteevt.保证;担保(promise);n.保证;担保;保修单
[应试指导] 应用类写作高频词汇
(1)guaranteesb.sth.保证某人某事
guaranteetodosth./that...保证做某事;确保……
beguaranteedtodo...肯定会……;保证会做……
(2)underguarantee在保修期内
givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人担保……
(1)Allstudentsareguaranteedcampusaccommodationfortheirfirstyear.
保证安排所有的学生第一年在校内住宿。
(2)Evenifyoucompleteyourtraining,Ican’tguaranteeyouajob.
即使你完成了培训,我也无法保证你能有工作。
(3)Weareguaranteedtoexchangetheuncertifiedproducts.
我们保换质量不合格的产品。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Iguaranteetopay(pay)offhisdebts.
②Thisbrokenwatchisstillunderguarantee.
(2)一句多译
我们保证在一周内将货物送到。
①Weguaranteetodeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteev.)
②Wegiveaguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteen.)
5.makeone’sway前往;到……地方去(headfor);(在事业上)有所起步
多维训练
用fight,force,wind,feel,make的正确形式填空
(1)Therewasnolight,sowehadtofeelourwayinthedark.
(2)Shegraduallyfoughtherwaytothetopofthecompany.
(3)Tryandforceyourwaythroughthecrowd.
(4)Thebusiswindingitswayupthemountain.
(5)Wemadeourwaydirectlytotherecreationroom.
6.Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
句型公式:
Itissaidthat...
Itissaidthat...据说……
Itisthoughtthat...大家认为……
Itisbelievedthat...人们相信……
Itishopedthat...人们希望……
Itisreportedthat...据报道……
Itiswellknownthat...众所周知……
Itissupposedthat...据推测……
(1)Itisoftensaidthathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.
据说人类天生就有说话的能力。
(2)ItisreportedthattheUNConferencewillbeheldinIstanbulrecently.
据报道,联合国大会将于近日在伊斯坦布尔举行。
[特别提醒]
上述结构可改为Sb./Sth.besaid/thought/believed/hoped...todo/tobedoing/tohavedone,根据动词不定式和said动作之间的时间关系来断定使用不定式的一般式、进行式还是完成式。
多维训练
同义句改写(用he作主语改写)
(1)Itissupposedthatheisworkinginthatbigcompany.
Heissupposedtobeworkinginthatbigcompany.
(2)Itissaidthathehaswrittenanewbookaboutworkers.
Heissaidtohavewrittenanewbookaboutworkers.
(3)Itisthoughtthatheoftenhelpsthepeopleinneed.
Heisoftenthoughttohelpthepeopleinneed.
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.ButOshbot,likeothersocialrobots,isnotintendedtoreplaceworkers,buttoworkalongside(和……一起)otheremployees.(2015·天津)
2.Developingtheabilitytoevaluate(评估)reasonablyandindependentlyabouthealthproblemswillserveyouwellthroughoutyourlife.(2014·北京)
3.ButIhaveabsolute(绝对的)confidenceinpassingtheexamsandgoingintoanidealuniversity.(2014·四川)
4.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedtodeveloptotheirgreatestpotential(潜力).(2015·江苏)
5.Mostpeopleworkbecauseit’sunavoidable.Bycontrast,therearesomepeoplewhoactually(实际地)enjoywork.(2015·浙江)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolthatMr.Smithgotangry?
(2014·四川)
2.AmieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurseappointed(appoint)toguardher.(2014·浙江)
3.OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.(2015·北京)
4.Thecompanyalsosaysthatwith
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