初中系动词讲解.docx
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初中系动词讲解.docx
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初中系动词讲解
系动词
1、考点、热点回顾
系动词,亦称连系动词(LinkVerb)。
作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,亦称补语(形容词),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
分类:
状态系动词;持续系动词;表像系动词;感官系动词;变化系动词;终止系动词
(一)、状态系动词be
用来表示主语性质或状态,只有be一词
E.g.
Heisateacher.
Heisill.(表示主语的状态)
连系动词be后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语:
E.g.
Mydreamistobeascientist.
Allyouhavetodoistolisten.
Myhobbyistoplaybasketball.
(二)、表像系动词
用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look,例如:
E.g.
Helookstired.
Heseems(tobe)verysad.
Sheappears18.Butinfact,sheisalready28.
(三)、持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,remain,stay,lie,stand,continue.例如:
E.g.
Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.
Thismatterremainsamystery.
Itcontinued/remainedrainyfordays.
Thesnowlaythickontheground
Therestandsahouseneartheriver.
注意:
(1)表示“仍然处于原来的状态”时,remain和stay可以互换,例如:
Threeofthemremained/stayedsingle.
Shopsshouldremain/stayopentilllaterintheevening.
Thedoorstayed/remainedclosed.
(2)表示“需要设法才能保持某种状态”时,可用keep和stay.后常接的形容词有calm,clean,awake,young,warm,fine等.例如:
Sheknewshemustkeep/staycalm.
Althoughtheyhavemanydifficulties,theykeephappy.
Paulmanagedtokeep/stayawakebydrinkinglotsofstrongblackcoffee.
(四)、感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,look.例如:
Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.
Thisflowersmellsverysweet.
Themusicsoundsnice.
Thefishtastesgood/delicious.
(五)、变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.
1.go和come是一对相反的词.
go+adj.表示令人不愉快的事;
come+adj.表示好的事情,还可以接前缀un-的过去分词作表语,表示变化的情况。
goblind/mad/hungry/bad…
cometrue/right/clear/dear/unstuck/untied…
Hisdreamtobeapilothascometrue.
Myshoelaceshavecomeundone.
Shewentblindattheageof8.
2.run后接short,dry,low,deep等形容词,主语为流动性的或能消耗掉的东西。
Theirmoneywasrunningshort.
Thewellhasrundry.
但表语为wild时,主语是人;runwild(放荡不羁)
Don’tletthechildrenrunwild.
3.grow常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。
Mylittlebrotherhasgrownmuchtallerinthepastyear.
Shegrewthinnerandthinner.
4.turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜色和天气等变化。
Theweathersuddenlyturnedmuchhotter.
Herfaceturnedbluewithfear.
5.get“变成,变得…起来”,后可接形容词,分词,介词短语;接不定式时表示“由不…变得”.
Thedaysaregettinglongerandlongerinsummer.
Hegotexcitedaboutit.
Mywatchgetsoutoforder.
6.fall接asleep,silent,quiet等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词,但不能接形容词的比较级。
WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,mylittlesisterfellasleep.
Shefellillfromcold.
Thenaughtyboyfellsilentsuddenly.
fallapart(散开)fallflat(没效果)
7.become“变成;变为”(好坏均可),语气正式,且不能用于将来时态,强调结果.表人的身体状况,情绪,天气和社会变化时可与get互换使用.
Hebecamealawyer.
Ibecame/gotinterestedinmath.
Hebecame/gotangrywithme.
Ihopeyouwillbecome/getwell.
注意:
1.become,turn,go,get,fall后面能接名词作表语,其他则不能.turn和go后面的名词不带冠词。
Hisdreamhasbecome/gotareality.
Hehasturnedscientist.
Shehasgoneartist.
Hefellanvictimtocancer.
2.表变化的系动词用于进行时态时,表示逐渐的变化。
Thedaysaregetting/becominglongerandlonger.
Sheisgrowingtobemoreandmorelikehermother.
(六)、终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turnout,表达“证实”,“变成”之意,例如:
Therumorproved(tobe)false.
Thesearchproved(tobe)difficult.
Hisplanturnedout(tobe)asuccess.
2、典型例题
1.—WhatisMrWanglike?
—____.
A.Heisateacher
B.Heisoldandkind
C.Helookslikeaballoon
D.HelikesEnglish
2.WhatMrWhitesaidsounds____.
A.friendlyB.wonderfullyC.pleasantlyD.nicely
3.Thepoorboy____blindattheageofthree.
A.turnedB.goesC.becameD.went
4.Whenhewasachildhe____.
A.grewpatienceB.wasaliveC.ranwildD.cametrue
5.Hisvoice____asifhehasacold.
A.soundsB.listensC.hearsD.seems
6.Thisshirt___asifitismadeofcotton.
A.isB.looksC.feelsD.seems
7.Helooks___hehadn’thadagoodmealforamonth
A.thatB.asifC.whenD.sofar
8.It____thathewaslateforthetrain.
A.looksB.turnsC.getsD.seems
9.Theseapplestaste_____.
A.tohegoodB.tobewellC.wellD.good
10.—Doyouliketheshirt?
—Yes,it____verysoft.
A.feelsB.feltC.isfeelingD.isfelt
11.ThemomentMrZhangwenttobed,he____asleep
A.keptB.gotC.fellD.fall
12.WhenIwenthomeyesterday,itwas____dark.
A.goingB.gettingC.runningD.coming
13.Theirplan____tobeaperfectone.
A.provedB.wasprovedC.isprovingD.proving
14.Theflowersinthegarden____sweet.
A.soundB.tasteC.becomeD.smell
15.She____likehermotherincharacter.
A.looksB.seemsC.isD.feels
16.It____anotherfinedaytomorrow.
A.seemsB.promisesC.appearsD.looks
17.He____muchyoungerthanhereallyis.
A.appearsB.growsC.becomesD.turns
18.You____verypale.Doyoufeelsick?
A.lookedB.lookC.lookingD.arelooked
19.Hiswishtobecomeadriverhas____true.
A.turnedB.realizedC.comeD.grown
20.Herfather____awriter.
A.turnedB.grewC.hasturnedD.hasbecome
三、课后练习
(一)选择填空
1.Mybrother____ateacher.He____hispupilsverymuch.
A.is,like B.is,likes C.are,likes D.are,like
2.A:
Howmanydays____thereinaweek?
B:
There____seven.
A.is,is B.are,are C.is,are D.are,is
3.I____tiredlastnight.
A.became B.felt C.looked D.am
4.Herface____pale(苍白)whensheheardthebadnews.
A.got B.is C.turned D.was
5.You____pale.What'swrongwithyou?
A.turn B.seem C.look D.become
6.Theboy____illtoday.
A.are B.is C.be D.am
7.Which____bigger,thesunorthemoon?
A.are B.is C.be D.×
8.NeithershenorI____adoctor.
A.amnot B.am C.are D.is
9.I____aworkernextyear.
A.am B.willbe C.be D.will
10.Hervoice____likemymother's.
A.sounds B.sound C.looks D.look
11.Itoftenrainsandthecrops____fast.
A.get B.turn C.grow D.become
12.A:
Howareyou____now?
B:
Muchbetter,thankyou.
A.getting B.feeling C.making D.turning
13.Theteacher'ssmilemademe____better.
A.feel B.tofeel C.feeling D.felt
14.MyEnglishteacher____.
A.alllookyoung B.looksyoung
C.lookyoung D.alllooksyoung
15.I____busynow,butI____freenextweek.
A.am,am B.am,will C.am,willbe D.being,willbe
16.I____atthisschoolforabouttwomonths.
A.am B.willbe C.havebeen D.was
17.Mybrother____intheLeagueforaboutfiveyears.
A.havebeen B.hasbeen C.was D.is
18.Cometomyofficeifyou____freetomorrow.
A.are B.willbe C.was D.is
19.Ifwater____heated,itwillbe____intovapour(蒸气).
A.was,turned B.is,turned C.is.get D.was,got
20.Ifyoudon'ttakebackwhatyoujustsaid,Mother____angry.
A.is B.willbe C.get D.feels
21.Neitherofus____adoctor.
A.am B.are C.is D.were
22.He____afamouswriter.
A.turns B.become C.hasbecome D.hasturned
23.Thegirl'sface____red.
A.turned B.got C.feel D.look
24.He____veryglad.
A.looked B.turned C.feel D.looks
25.Theflowers____fragrant(芳香).
A.get B.smells C.smell D.feels
26.Thetable____verysmooth.
A.look B.turn C.feels D.smell
27.Jack____youngerthanTom.
A.look B.feel C.feels D.looks
28.Shelooks____.
A.happy B.tobehappy C.happily D.thatsheishappy
(二)用smell,taste,go,get,become,grow,seem,look,feel,turn的适当形式填空:
1.You_ _ __veryyoung.
2.Atfirstthosequestions_ _ __easy,butlaterIfoundthemdifficult.
3.Afterthesportsmeeting,he_ _ __verytired.
4.Myyoungerbrother_ _ __astudentlastyear.
5.Whenwe_ _ __up,we'regoingtohelpbuildupourcountry.
6.Theflowers_ _ __verysweet.
7.Herface_ _ __red.
8.Jack_ _ __veryhappy.
9.Themooncake_ _ __good.
10.Themeat_ _ __bad.
(三)把下列各句译成英语
1.以她的年龄而言,她看起来很年轻。
2.天色渐黑,咱们回家吧。
3.他好象匆忙的样子。
4.为什么他感到悲伤?
5.我祖母的头发变白了。
6.约翰成了一名好学生。
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