土木工程专业外文文献及翻译.docx
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土木工程专业外文文献及翻译.docx
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土木工程专业外文文献及翻译
学校代码:
学号:
外文文献及翻译
(
题目:
AboutBuidingontheStructureDesign
学生姓名:
学院:
土木工程学院
系别:
建筑工程系
专业:
土木工程(建筑工程方向)
班级:
土木08-4班
指导教师:
二〇一二年六月
英文原文:
Buildingconstructionconcretecrackof
preventionandprocessing
Abstract
Thecrackproblemofconcreteisawidespreadexistencebutagaindifficultinsolveofengineeringactualproblem,thistextcarriedonastudyanalysistoalittlebitfamiliarcrackproblemintheconcreteengineering,andaimatconcretethecircumstanceputforwardsomeprevention,processingmeasure.
Keyword:
Concretecrackpreventionprocessing
Foreword
Concrete'sising1kindisanticipatebythefreestonebone,cement,waterandothermixturebutformationoftheinadditionmaterialofqualitybrittlenessnotandalltheconcreteconstructiontransformwithoneself,controletc.aseriesproblem,hardenmodelofintheconcreteexistencenumeroustinyhole,spiritcaveandtinycrack,isexactlybecausethesebeginningstartblemishofexistencejustmaketheconcretepresentonesomenotandallthecharacteristicoftinycrackisakindofharmlesscrackandacceptconcreteheavy,defendShenandalittlebitotherusefunctionnotacreationtoaftertheconcretebesubjectedtolotuscarry,differenceintemperatureetc.function,tinycrackwouldcontinuouslyofexpandwithconnect,endformationwecanseewithouttheaidofinstrumentsofmacroviewthecrackbealsothecrackthattheconcreteoftensayintheengineering.
ConcretebuildingandGoupieceusuallyalltakesewertomakeof,becauseofcrackofexistenceanddevelopmentusuallymakeinnerpartofreinforcingbaretc.materialcreationdecay,lowerreinforcedconcretematerialofloadingability,durableandanti-Shenability,influencebuildingofexternalappearance,servicelife,severitywillthreatarrivepeople'slifeandpropertylotofallofcrashofengineeringsisbecauseoftheunsteadydevelopmentofthecrackwiththeresultagescienceresearchwithagreatdealofoftheconcreteengineeringpracticecertificate,intheconcreteengineeringcrackproblemisineluctable,alsoacceptableincertainlyofthescopejustneedtoadoptvalidofmeasurewillitendangerdegreecontrolatcertainofscopereinforcedconcretenormisalsoexplicitprovision:
Somestructureatplaceofdissimilarityundertheconditionallowexistencecertainthecrackofatunderconstructionshouldasfaraspossibleadoptavalidmeasurecontrolcrackcreation,makethestructuredon'tappearcrackpossiblyorasfaraspossibledecreasecrackofamountandwidth,particularlywanttoasfaraspossibleavoidharmfulcrackofemergence,insureengineeringqualitythus.
Concretecrackcreationofthereasonbealotofandhavealreadytransformedtocauseofcrack:
Suchastemperaturevariety,constringency,inflation,theasymmetrysinktosinketc.reasoncauseofcrack;Haveoutsidecarrythecrackthatthefunctioncause;Protectedenvironmentnotappropriatethecracketc.causedwithchemicaldifferentiationtotreatintheactualengineering,work°outaproblemaccordingtotheactualcircumstance.
Intheconcreteengineeringthefamiliarcrackandtheprevention
Suocrackandprevention
StemtheSuocrackmuchappearaftertheconcreteprotectbeoverofaperiodoftimeorconcretesprinkletobuildtocompletebehindofaroundathecementsyruphumidityofevaporatewouldcreationstemSuo,andthiskindofconstringencyiscan'tSuocrackofthecreationbemainisbecauseofconcreteinsideoutsidehumidityevaporatedegreedissimilaritybutcausetotransformdissimilarityofresult:
Theconcreteissubjectedtoexteriorconditionofinfluence,surfacehumiditylossleadquick,transformbigger,innerpartdegreeofhumidityvarietysmallertransformsmaller,biggersurfacestemtheSuotransformtobesubjectedtoconcreteinnerpartcontrol,creationmorebigpullshoulddintbutcreationrelativehumidityismorelow,cementsyrupbodystemSuomorebig,stemtheSuocrackbemoreeasytheSuocrackismuchsurfaceparallellinesformorthenetshallowthincrack,widthmanybetweenmm,theflatsurfacepartmuchseeinthebigphysicalvolumeconcreteandfollowitmoreinthinnerbeamplankshorttoSuocrackusuallytheanti-Shenofinfluenceconcrete,causethedurableoftherusteclipseinfluenceconcreteofreinforcingbar,underthefunctionofthewaterpressuredintwouldcreationthewaterpowersplitcrackinfluenceconcreteofloadingdintetc..ConcretestemtheSuobemainwithwaterashoftheconcreteratio,thedosageofthecomposition,cementofcement,gathertoanticipateofthedosageofthepropertyanddosage,inadditionetc.relevant.
Mainpreventionmeasure:
Whilebeingtochoosetousetheconstringencyquantitysmallercement,generallowhotwatermireandpowderashfromstovecementintheadoption,lowerthedosageofisaconcreteofstemtheSuobesubjectedtowaterashratioofinfluencemorebig,waterashratiomorebig,stemSuomorebig,sointheconcretematchtheratiothedesignshouldasfaraspossiblecontrolgoodwaterashratioofchoosetouse,theChanaddinthemeantimeaccommodationofreduceisstrictcontrolconcretemixblendwithunderconstructionofmatchratio,useofconcretewaterquantityabsolutecan'tbiginmatchratiodesigngivesettleofusewateristheearlierperiodwhichstrengthenconcretetoprotect,andappropriateextensionprotectofconcreteconstructionwanttobeappropriateextensionconcreteheatpreservationtooverlaytime,andTu2Shuaprotecttoisaconstitutiontheaccommodationisintheconcretestructureoftheconstringencysew.
Suconstringencycrackandprevention
Suconstringencyistheconcreteisbeforecondense,surfacebecauseoflosewaterquickerbutcreationofSuconstringencycrackisgeneralatdryheatorstrongwindtheweatherappear,crack'smuchpresentinginthecenterbreadth,bothendsbeinthecenterthinandthelengthbedifferent,witheachothernotcoherentcrackgenerallong20-30cm,thelongercrackcanreachtoa2-3m,breadth1-5creationofmainreasonis:
TheconcreteiseventuallyalmosthavingnostrengthorstrengthbeforetheNingverysmall,perhapsconcretejusteventuallyNingbutstrengthveryhour,besubjectedtoheatorcomparestrongwinddintofinfluence,theconcretesurfacelosewatertoleadquick,resultininthecapillarycreationbiggernegativepressbutmakeaconcretephysicalvolumesharplyconstringency,butatthistimethestrengthofconcreteagaincan'tresistitsconstringency,thereforecreationinfluenceconcreteSuconstringencyopenthemainfactorofcracktohavewaterashratio,concreteofcondensetime,environmenttemperature,windvelocity,relativehumidity...etc..
Mainpreventionmeasure:
OneischoosetousestemtheSuovaluesmallerhigherHuosoursaltoftheearlierperiodstrengthorcommontheHuosourbrineisstrictthecontrolwaterashratio,theChanaddtoefficientlyreducewatertoincrementthecollapseofconcretefalladegreeandwitheasy,decreasecementandwaterofistosprinklebeforebuildingconcrete,waterbasiclevelandtemplateeventosoakisintimetooverlaytheperhapsdampgrassmatoftheplasticsthinfilm,hempsliceetc.,keepconcreteeventuallybeforetheNingsurfaceismoist,perhapsspraytoprotectetc.tocarryonprotectintheconcreteisintheheatandstrongwindtheweathertowanttoestablishtohidesunandblockbreezefacilities,protectintime.
tosinkcrackandprevention
Thecreationwhichsinktosinkcrackisbecauseofthestructurefoundationsoilqualitynotandevenly,loosesoftorreturntofillsoildishonestorsoakinwaterbutresultintheasymmetrysinktodeclinewiththeresultthat;Perhapsbecauseoftemplatejustdegreeshortage,thetemplateproppeduptooncebeapartfrombigorpropupbottomloosemoveetc.tocause,especiallyatwinter,thetemplatepropupatjellysoilup,jellythesoilturnjellyempresscreationasymmetrytosinktodeclineandcauseconcretestructurecreationkindcrackmanyisdeepenterorpiercethroughsexcrack,italignmenthavesomethingtodowithsinkingtosinkacircumstance,generalfollowwithgroundperpendicularorpresent30°s-45°Capedirectiondevelopment,biggersinktosinkcrack,usuallyhavecertainofwrong,crackwidthusuallywithsinktodeclinequantitydirectproportionwidthundertheinfluenceoftemperaturevarietyfoundationaftertransformstabilitysinktosinkcrackalsobasictendinstability.
Mainpreventionmeasure:
Oneisrightnessloosesoftsoil,returntofillsoilfoundationaconstructionattheupperpartstructurefrontshouldcarryonnecessityofHangsolidwithisthestrengththatassurancetemplateisenoughandjustdegree,andpropupfirm,andmakethefoundationbesubjectedtodintiskeepconcretefromsprinkleinfusingthefoundationintheprocessissoakbyistimethattemplatetoredowntocan'tbetooearly,andwanttonoticetodismantleamoldorderofisatjellysoiltoptaketoestablishtemplatetonoticetoadoptcertainofpreventionmeasure.
crackandprevention
Temperaturecrackmuchtheoccurrenceisinbigsurfaceordifferenceintemperaturevarietyofthephysicalvolumeconcretecomparetheearthareaoftheconcreteaftersprinklingtobuild,inthehardeningtheprocess,cementwaterturnacreationagreatdealofofwaterturnhot,.(bethecementdosageisinthe350-550kg/m3,eachsignsquarethericeconcretewillreleaseacaloriesofkJandmakeconcreteinternalthusthetemperaturerisetoreachto70℃orsoevenhigher)Becausethephysicalvolumeofconcretebemorebig,agreatdealofofwaterturnhotaccumulateattheconcreteinnerpartbutnoteasysendforth,
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