高中英语定语从句讲解及练习.docx

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习.docx

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高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

定语从句讲解+学案7.6

1.导入

（1）什么是定语？

____________________________________________________.

（2）thegreenteam;

theteamingreen;

theteamwhowerewearinggreen;

共同点：

_____________________;不同点：

_____________________

3.定义

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，从句由关系词/引导词引导。

根据定义我们可以得出：

（1）先行词只能是：

___________和______________;它是从___________中提出来的；

（2）定语从句的结构：

先行词+关系词+从句（）

（3）关系词的作用：

引导定语从句；代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

4.关系词的分类

关系代词：

关系副词：

人：

who,whom,that时间：

when

物：

which,that地点：

Where

所属关系：

whose（人，物）原因：

why

例题一：

1.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.（合成定语从句）

合成的定语从句的复合句为__________________________________________

先行词为________先行词在定语从句中承担的句子成分为_________________.

定语从句为_____________________

定语从句的引导词为____________它属于关系（代词，副词）。

2．Themansellsvegetables.Yousawhimjustnow.

3.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoFengxian.

例题二：

分析下列含有定语从句的复合句

1.Thisistheschoolthatyouvisitedlastyear.

主句为_______________________________________.

定语从句为_______________________________________.

定语从句的引导词为_______________________________________.

引导词在定语从句中作_______________________________________.

定语从句修饰的先行词为_______________________________________.

2.Wevisitedafactorywhich/thatmakestoysforchildren.

3.Theman（who/whom/that）youjusttalkedtowasafriendofmine.

4.Charleswhodislikespartiesisastrangecharacter.

5.Footballisanactivitywhich/thatislikedbymostboys.

例题三：

1.Theboys（whoareplayingfootball）arefromClassOne.

2.ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan’tremember.

3.Thefilmwhich/thattheywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.

4.Thegirlwho/whom/thattheteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.

5.Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.

5.做定语从句的方法步骤：

1）首先判断该句是否是定语从句；

2）划分出主句和从句的结构；

3）找出先行词；

4）判断定语从句中缺少什么成分，再看先行词指的是人，物，时间，地点还是原因；

5）用代入还原法检验定语从句是否符合语意逻辑和语法规则（即把先行词带入还原到定语从句中）。

例题四：

用适当的关系代词。

Weneedfriends（________canhelpus.）

1.Theboy_______wearsnewclothesismybrother.

2.Thedog________isrunningismine.

3.Theman________comeshereeverymorningisabasketballplayer.

4.Isangthesong_______Iwrotemyself.

5.Thisisthedoctor_______savedthewoman'slife.

6.Thepen________isonthedeskisn'thers.

7.Doyouknowtheboy_______coatisblack?

8.Thebook_________heboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.

9.Thelittlegirlisafraidofmovies______havescarymonsters.

10.Theboy_______IspoketoisfromShanghai

自主学习：

（一）只能用that不能用which

①当先行词是不定代词时all/none/anything/nothing/everything

All___canbedonemustbedone.

Weshouldmakeuseofeverything_____isuseful.

②当先行词被最高级、序数词以及thevery/theonly/theright/justthe修饰时

Thisistheonlybook_____Icanfindinmydesk.

Thefirstthing_____youshoulddoistoeatsth.

③当先行词被all/little/few/much/some/any/no/every修饰时

Weheardclearlyeverword_____hesaid

Allthestudents_____arestudyinginourclassarefromGuangdongprovince.

④当主句前以which/who开头的特殊疑问词时（避免重复）

Whoisthegirl____isstandingoverthere?

Whichballistheone____belongstoMike?

⑤当先行词在从句中作表语时

Chinaisnotthecountry____itwas.

I’mnotthefoolishgirl_____Iwas

⑥当先行词同时指物和人时,只能用that.

Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandthethings___wehavevisitedinthecounty.

⑦therebe句型中

Thereisaseatinthecorner_____isstillfree.

Homework定语从句专项练习

1.Sorry,wedon’thavethecoat________youneed.

 A.what    B.who   C.whom   D.which

2.Thisisthedictionary________Mumgavemeformybirthday.

 A.which   B.what   C.whose  D.whom

3.Doyouknowtheman________issittingbehindNancy?

 A.what   B.which   C.who    D.whom

4.Thebook________heboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.

 A./    B.why    C.when    D.what

5.Ihavefoundsomepicturesofthemostinterestingplaces________youcanvisitduringthewinterholidays.

 A.where    B.which   C.what   D.that

6.I’dliketotellyouaboutthetablemanners________youshouldknowwhenyouvisitKorea.

 A.which    B.who   C.what    D.how

7.Hereisabook_____________willgivealotofusefulknowledge

A.whatB.whomC.whoseD.that

8.Isoxygentheonlygas________helpsfireburn?

A.that     B./    C.which   D.it                          

9.Is________someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?

 A.thisschool        B.thistheschool     

C.thisschoolone     D.thisschoolwhere 

10.---Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?

---Ilikemusic________hasgreatlyrics.

  A.that    B.what   C.who    D.whose

11.Thatistheonlything________Iboughtfromthesupermarket.

  A.which  B.that   C.what    D.where

12.Theplace________interestedmemostwastheChildren’sPalace.

  A.which B.where  C.what  D.inwhich

13.Thecomputer________lastweekhasgonewrong.

  A.whichIboughtit     B.Ibought     

C.whatIbought        D.Iboughtit

14.Thatisthepoorboy________fatherdiedinatrafficaccidentlastyear.

  A.who   B.whom   C.whose  D.which

15.Doyouknowthegirl________isstandingunderthetree?

A.who    B.whom  C.which  D.where

16.Isthewoman________talkedtoourteacheryesterdayyourmother?

  A.who    B.whom  C.which   D.what

17.Theyounglady________wemetyesterdayisournewmathsteacher.

  A.what  B.whose   C.whom  D.which

18.Iliketoliveinahouse________isbigandbright.

A.that    B.who     C.how    D.why

19.Ihatepeople________talkmuchbutdolittle.

A.whom  B.which   C.who   D.when

20.Iamoneoftheboys________neverlateforschool. 

A.thatis  B.whoare C.whoam D.whois

21.MrGreen,thereissomeoneatthefrontdesk________wouldliketospeakwithyou.

  A.he   B.who   C.which     D.whom

22.Ilovethesmallvillage________Iwasbornin.

  A.that  B.which  C.where    D.whose

23.Herecomesthegirl________handwritingisthebestinourclass.

  A.which  B.whose  C.that    D.who

24.Myparentsusuallybuymesomesimpleclothes________canlastalongtime.

  A.who  B.that    C.whom   D.whose

25.---Isthegirl________isinterviewingthemanagerofthatcompanyyourfriend?

 ---Yes,sheisajournalistfromCCTV.

  A.whom  B.which   C.who   D.whose

26.---Doyouknoweverybody________cametotheparty?

  ---No,Idon’tknowtheone________youhadalongtalkwithnearthedoor.

  A.who;/       B.whose;that    

C.that;which   D./;whom

27.Theboy________wonthefirstprizeiscalledRoy.

  A.when   B.whom  C.who   D.which

28.Childrenlikehouses________arepaintedindifferentcolours.

  A.which   B.they    C.those   D.what

29.Doyouthinkmoststudentsprefertests________haveeasyquestions?

  A.who    B.where    C.that    D.it

30.Heisoneoftheexperiencedengineersinthisfactory________hardworkwasrepaidwiththedevelopmentofthefactory.

  A.where  B.whose   C.inwhich  D.that

Keys:

1-5DACAD 

6-10ADABA 

11-15BABCA

16-20ACACB 

21-25BBBBC

26-30ACACA

定语从句关系副词学案

一、复习

1.做定语从句的方法步骤。

2.关系代词和关系副词。

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

典型例题一

1.Isthisthefactory______________wevisitedlastyear?

2.Isthisthefactory______________heworkerdlastyear?

3.Isthisthefactory______________heworkerdinlastyear?

4.Isthisfactory______________wevisitedlastyear?

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.theoneE./

复习回顾：

关系副词有:

________（指时间）,_________（指地点）,_________（指原因）,在定语从句中作_________（什么成分）。

1.when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

Istillrememberthedaywhen（onwhich）Ifirstcametothisschool.

Hecameatatimewhen（atwhich）weneedhimmost.

2.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

Irecentlywentbacktothetownwhere（inwhich）Iwasborn.

What’sthenameoftheplacewhere（atwhich）youspentyourholiday?

3.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。

Pleasetellmethereasonwhy（forwhich）youmissedtheplane.

Thereasonwhy（forwhich）hewaspunishedisunknowntous.

典型例题二（定语从句的重难点）

1．先行词是表时间的名词

1Istillrememberthedays_________IstayedinBeijing.

2Istillrememberthedays_________IspentinBeijing.

2.先行词是表地点的名词

①Heshowedmetheplace___________helived.

3Thisistheplace___________wevisitedlastyear.

3.先行词是表原因的名词

①Thisisthereason___________wemustgoearlier.

②Thereason________yougaveuswasreasonable.

小结：

__________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

典型例题三（巩固+提高练习）

1.Thisistheroom____________hevisitedlastyear

2.Thisistheroom____________hevisitedprofesserSmithlastyear.

1．Isthistheshop_____________sellschildrens’clothing?

2．Isthisshop_____________sellschildrens’clothing?

3．Isthisshop_____________childrens’clothingissold?

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.TheonethatE.theonewhere

自主学习：

一、只用who，不能用that代替的情况：

1.在非限制性定语从句中

Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.

2.先行词是one,anyone,those时

Onewhohasnothingtofearforhimselfdarestotellthetruth.

Anyonewhobreaksthelawshallbepunished.

Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhandsplease.

二、注意：

先行词为stage,point,position,situation,case,business（企业），atmodphere（气氛）,family，circumstance等表模糊的地点或抽象的地点时，引导词用_________

1.Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.

2.Wehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.

3.Wewereputintoapositionwherewehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportantor4.fightthegovernment.

5.IcanthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsobviouslyknowalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.

6.Iworkedinabusinesswhereal

mosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.

三、判断关系代词与关系副词的辨别：

方法一：

用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。

不及物动词后面无