高考英语大题冲关秘笈阅读理解之议论文4体验真题.docx
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高考英语大题冲关秘笈阅读理解之议论文4体验真题.docx
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高考英语大题冲关秘笈阅读理解之议论文4体验真题
2017高考英语大题冲关秘笈阅读理解之议论文4.体验真题
题组一(2016年高考真题)
Passage1
(2016·浙江,A)"DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamLastFriday?
"LindseywhisperstoTori.
Withhereyesshining,Toribrags,"YoubetIdid,Seantoldmetwodaysago."
WhoareLindseyandToritalkingabout?
Itjusthappenedtobeyourstruly,AdamFreedman.Icantellyouthatwhattheyaresayingis(a)notniceand(b)noteventrue.Still,LindseyandToriaren’tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool,includingme.Manyofourconversationsaregossip(闲话).Ihavenoticedthreeeffectsofgossip:
itcanhurtpeople,itcangivegossipersastrangekindofsatisfaction,anditcancausesocialpressuresinagroup.
Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usually,gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups,troubleathome,evendroppingout—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.Themoreembarrassingorshamefulthesecretis,thejuicierthegossipitmakes.Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.Peopleoftenthinkofgossipersasharmless,butcruelliescancausepain.
Ifweknowthatgossipcanbeharmful,thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?
Theanswerliesinanothereffectofgossip:
thesatisfactionitgivesus.Sharingthelatestrumor(传言)canmakeapersonfeelimportantbecauseheorsheknowssomethingthatothersdon’t.Similarly,hearingthelatestrumorcanmakeapersonfeellikepartofthe"ingroup."Inotherwords,gossipissatisfyingbecauseitgivespeopleasenseofbelongingorevensuperiority(优越感).
Gossipalsocanhaveathirdeffect:
itstrengthensunwritten,unspokenrulesabouthowpeopleshouldact.ProfessorDavidWilsonexplainsthatgossipisimportantinpolicingbehaviorsinagroup.Translatedintohighschoolterms,thismeansthatifeverybodyyouhangaroundwithislaughingatwhatJohnworeorwhatJanesaid,thenyoucanbetthatwearingorsayingsomethingsimilarwillgetyouthesamekindofnegativeattention.Thedo’sanddon’tsconveyedthroughgossipwillnevershowupinanystudenthandbook.
Theeffectsofgossipvarydependingonthesituation.Thenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetospreadthelatestnews,thingaboutwhyyouwanttogossipandwhateffectsyour"juicystory"mighthave.
41.Theauthorusesaconversationatthebeginningofthepassageto__________.
A.introduceatopicB.presentanargument
C.describethecharactersD.clarifyhiswritingpurpose
42.Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatit__________.
A.breaksuprelationships
B.embarrassesthelistener
C.spreadsinformationaround
D.causesunpleasantexperiences
43.Intheauthor’sopinion,manypeopleliketogossipbecauseit__________.
A.givesthemafeelingofpleasure
B.helpsthemtomakemorefriends
C.makesthembetterattellingstories
D.enablesthemtomeetimportantpeople
44.ProfessorDavidWilsonthinksthatgossipcan__________.
A.providestudentswithwrittenrules
B.helppeoplewatchtheirownbehaviors
C.forceschoolstoimprovestudenthandbooks
D.attractthepolice’sattentiontogroupbehaviors
45.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgiveinthepassage?
A.Neverbecomeagossiper.
B.Stayawayfromgossipers.
C.Don’tletgossipturnintolies.
D.Thinktwicebeforeyougossip.
Passage2
(2016·新课标全国卷III,D)Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(监控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople’se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.
"The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia,"saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania."Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner."
Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication—e-mails,Webpostsandreviews,face-to-faceconversations—foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消极的),butthatdidn’tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?
Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:
thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes’website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe"moste-mailed"listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes’readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.
Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激发)onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,"Contagious:
WhyThingsCatchOn."
32.Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?
A.Newsreports.B.Researchpapers.
C.Privatee-mails.D.Dailyconversations.
33.WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?
A.They’resociallyinactive.
B.They’regoodattellingstories.
C.They’reinconsiderateofothers.
D.They’recarefulwiththeirwords.
34.Whichtendedtobethemoste-mailedaccordingtoDr.Berger’sresearch?
A.Sportsnews.B.Sciencearticles.
C.Personalaccounts.D.Financialreviews.
35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.SadStoriesTravelFarandWide.
B.OnlineNewsAttractsMorePeople.
C.ReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimes.
D.GoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworks.
Passage3
(2016•北京)WhyCollegeIsNotHome
Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.However,nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday’sstudentsandarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.
Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however,continuedconnectionwithanddependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.
Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibility,collegeneedstobeatimeofexplorationandexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolves"tryingon"newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbotherintellectually(在思维方面)andpersonally.Whileweshouldprovide"safespaces"withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.Intellectualgrowthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning.
Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequallyimportant.Becauseacollegecommunity(群体)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.Ifstudentsrelyonadministratorstoregulatetheirsocialbehaviorandthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandcomplexcommunity.
Moreover,thetendencyforuniversitiestomonitorandshapestudentbehaviorrunsupagainstanothercharacteristicofyoungadults:
theresponsetobeingcontrolledbytheirelders.Ifacceptablesocialbehavioristoostrictlydefined(规定)andcontrolled,theinsensitiveoraggressivebehaviorthatadministratorsareseekingtominimizemayactuallybeencouraged.
Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearelikelytoburstout,particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnationalemergency.Whatislackingtodayistheconflictbetweenadolescent’sdesireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.Therefore,thereisthedesirefortheirdormstobereplacementhomesandnotplacestoexperienceintellectualgrowth.
Everycollegediscussionaboutcommunityvalues,socialclimateandbehaviorshouldincluderecognitionofthedevelopmentalimportanceofstudentautonomyandself-regulation,ofthenecessarytensionbetweensafetyandself-discovery.
67.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardcontinuedparentalguidancetocollegestudents?
A.Sympathetic.B.Disapproving.C.Supportive.D.Neutral.
68.Theunderlinedword"passage"inParagraph2means_________.
A.changeB.choiceC.textD.extension
69.Accordingtotheauthor,whatroleshouldcollegeplay?
A.Todevelopasharedidentityamongstudents.
B.Todefineandregulatestudents’socialbehavior.
C.Toprovideasafeworldwithouttensionforstudents.
D.Tofosterstudents’intellectualandpersonaldevelopment.
70.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?
A.
B.
C.
D.
I:
IntroductionP:
PointSp:
Sub-point(次要点)C:
Conclusion
Passage4
(2016•四川,B)Ifyoucouldhaveonesuperpower,whatwoulditbe?
Dreamingaboutwhetheryouwouldwanttoreadminds,seethroughwalls,orhavesuperhumanstrengthmaysoundsilly,butitactuallygetstotheheartofwhatreallymattersinyourlife.
Everydayinourwork,weareinspiredbythepeoplewemeetdoinge
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