初中英语 人教版新目标九年级全册单元语法精讲专练 unit2 word版 含答案.docx
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初中英语 人教版新目标九年级全册单元语法精讲专练 unit2 word版 含答案.docx
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初中英语人教版新目标九年级全册单元语法精讲专练unit2word版含答案
Unit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious.
——宾语从句(I)
1.宾语:
1.宾客,嘉宾,需要被邀请的。
2.邀请词:
例句:
Iloveyou.
I’minterestedinthem.
总结:
宾语位置:
①及物动词后
②介词后
2、从句:
连接词(引导词)+主谓(陈述句)
【练习】在从句前的括号里画对勾。
1.()Heisateacher.
2.()Thatheisateacher.
3.()Yougethome.
4.()Whenyougethome.
5.()Ifyougohomelate.
6.()HowyoulearnEnglish.
7.()Whereyouwillgo.
8.()WhetheryougotoBeijing.
9.()Whoishe?
10.()Whoheis.
11.()Howoldyourfatheris.
12.()Howoldisyourfather.
你都确认对了吗?
接下来,我们来正式认识一下宾语从句。
宾语从句
一、定义:
在主从复合句中,做主句宾语作用的句子。
总结:
宾语从句位置:
①及物动词后【特殊结构:
双宾语。
如:
tellsb.sth.】
②介词后
③系表结构后
例句:
Hesaidthathedidn’tknowit.
Iaminterestedinwhathesays.
Iamsure(that)hewillcome.
二、3个注意事项
1.连接词
1、【从句:
陈述句】
【that+陈述句性质的宾语从句,无肯否之分】
that没有意义,只做连接使用,经常会省略。
例句1:
Kateisgoodatswimming.
确定连接词→that
变为从句:
→thatKateisgoodatswimming.
添加主句:
→Hesays(that)Kateisgoodatswimming
例句2:
Tomcan’tcook.
确定连接词→that
变为从句:
→thatTomcan’tcook.
添加主句:
→Hesays(that)Tomcan’tcook.
①常见动词:
say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel,没有疑问语气。
例句3:
Kateexpects(that)Tomcanbuysomeflowersforher.
例句4:
Katefeels(that)Tommayrefuseher.
2、【从句:
一般疑问句】
if/whether”是否”,但whether可以单独使用,也可以和ornot连用。
例句5:
IsKateateacher?
确定连接词→if/whether
变为从句:
恢复陈述语序→if/whetherKateisateacher.
添加主句:
→→TomwondersifKateisateacher.
→TomwonderswhetherKateisateacher.
→TomwonderswhetherKateisateacherornot.
例句6:
DidTombuyflowersforKateyesterday?
确定连接词→if/whether
变为从句:
恢复陈述语序→if/whetherTomboughtflowersforKateyesterday.
添加主句:
→IwonderifTomboughtflowersforKateyesterday.
→IwonderwhetherTomboughtflowersforKateyesterday.
①常见动词:
ask,know,findout,wonder
例句7:
IwanttofindoutwhetherTomboughtflowersforKateyesterday.
②只用whether:
1.与ornot连用:
TomaskswhetherKateisateacherornot.
2.动词不定式前:
Tomdoesn’tknowwhethertoaskKateforherQQnumber.
3.介词后:
TomisveryinterestedinwhetherKatehasboyfriend.
3、【从句:
特殊疑问句】
用特殊疑问词(短语)做连接词。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分,不可以省略。
分类:
1.连接代词:
【在从句中做:
主语、宾语、表语等,必不可少】
【who,whom,whose,what,which】
例句8:
TomwonderswhatKate’shobbyis.
[后移what]做表语——【必不可少,连接代词】
例句9:
TomwonderswhatcolorKatelikes.
[后移what]做宾语——【必不可少,连接代词】
例句10:
TomwonderswhodroveKatehomeyesterday.
[不用后移,主语]——【必不可少,连接代词】
2.连接副词:
【在从句中做:
状语,必不可少】
【when,where,why,how,howoften,howmuch......等】
Tomdoesn’tknowwhenKateleaves.后移when:
(Kateleaveswhen)时间状语
Tomdoesn’tknowwhereKategoes.后移where:
(Kategoeswhere)地点状语
Tomdoesn’tknowwhyKateleaves.后移why:
(Kateleaveswhy)原因状语
Tomdoesn’tknowhowhefindsKate.后移how:
(hefindsKatehow)方式状语
【转化步骤】
例句11:
WhatisKate’shobby?
确定连接词→what
变为从句:
恢复陈述语序→WhatKate’shobbyis.
添加主句:
→TomwonderswhatKate’shobbyis.
例句12:
WhatcolordoesKatelike?
确定连接词→Whatcolor
变为从句:
恢复陈述语序→WhatcolorKatelikes.
添加主句:
→TomwonderswhatcolorKatelikes.
例句13:
WhodroveKatehomeyesterday?
确定连接词→who
变为从句:
恢复陈述语序→WhodroveKatehomeyesterday.
添加主句:
→TomwonderswhodroveKatehomeyesterday.
例句14:
HowdoesKategotoworkeveryday?
确定连接词→how
变为从句:
恢复陈述语序→HowKategoestoworkeveryday.
添加主句:
→TomwondershowKategoestoworkeveryday.
如何确定连接词?
【练习】
1.Iwonderwillcookforus.[who]
2.Iwonderwillhappentomorrow.[what]
3.Iwonderyouarewaitingfor.[who/whom]
4.Iwonderyouarereading.[what]
5.Iwondertheyare.[who/what]
6.Iwonderbookstheyare.[whose]
7.Iwonderapplehewillchoose.[which]
8.IwonderhestudiesEnglish.[if/whether/when/where/why/how/howlong...]
9.Ibelieveheisateacher.[that]
总结:
1.从句缺主语:
物用what,人用who.
2.从句缺宾语:
物用what,人用who/whom.
3.从句缺表语:
物用what,人用who.
4.从句缺定语:
用which/which/howmany/howmuch....
5.从句缺结构完整,一般是缺状语,用连接副词:
if/whether/when/where/why/how/howlong...
【根据语句含义,选择合适的连接词】
6.从句缺结构完整,并且动词是believe,think,hope等词,用that.
2.时态 (宾语从句的时态受主句的限制)
①主现从任
主句是现在时的某种时态(一般现在,现在进行,现在完成)或一般将来时,从句可根据句子所表达的含义(时间标志词),任意选择时态。
例15:
KateremembersTomgaveherabookyesterday.
KateremembersTomhasalreadygivenherthebook.
KateremembersTomwillleavetomorrow.
KateremembersTomwasdoinghishomeworkat8yesterdayevening.
②主过从过(主句是过去的某种时态,从句也要用过去的时态)
【一般过去,过去进行,过去完成,过去将来】
①过去将来时:
would+动词原形②过去完成时:
had+过去分词
例16:
KaterememberedTomhadalreadygivenherabook.
KaterememberedTomwouldleavethenextday.
③客观真理很一般:
从句是客观真理,则时态不受主句影响,永远用一般现在时。
例14:
TomtoldKatethattheearthisround.
Theteacherwilltelluswhylighttravelsfasterthansound.
3.从句语序:
连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分【陈述句语序语序】
先主语后谓语动词。
(把助动词will,have/has,would;情态动词can,may,must;be(am,is,are,was,were)动词
放在主语之后;把助动词do,does,did都去掉,注意主句和从句的时态)
Idon’tknowwhatheeats.
Idon’tknowwhereheeats.
Idon’tknowwhenheeats.
Idon’tknowwhyheeats.
Idon’tknowifheeats.
Idon’tknowwhichcakeheeats.
▲不需要调整语序的句子类型:
当连接词(what,who,which等)正好是宾语从句的主语时,不需要调整语序。
主要结构是主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主系表结构。
1.Whathappened(tosb.)?
2.Whatiswrong(withsb.)?
3.Whatisthematter(withsb.)?
4.Whoopenedthedoor?
5.Whichisthewaytothehospital?
等等
Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.
Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.
CanyoutellmehowIcangettothezoo?
Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.
HesaysthathewenthikinglastSunday.
Hewondersifthereweremanypeopleworkingherejustnow.
注意:
宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。
主句是陈述句,用句号。
主句是疑问句,用问号。
一、翻译练习:
1.我不知道你的名字是什么。
2.我想知道那个女孩想要什么。
3.我不知道谁昨天开的窗户。
3.我不知道她喜欢什么颜色。
二、单选。
()1.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.
A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake
()2.Idon’tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.
A.whydidhegetB.whyhegetsC.whydoeshegetD.whyhegot
()3.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___aP.Elessontomorrow.
A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are
()4.SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.
A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay
()5.Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.
A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled
()6.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?
A.ifB.whatC.whenD.that
()7.Idon’tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.
A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.who
()8.Ihardlyunderstand___hehastoldme.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who
()9.Idon’tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.
A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when
()10.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?
A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow
()11.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.
AwhatBthatCwhoDwhose
()12.Couldyoupleasetellme___?
A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whentheywouldleaveBeijing
C.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing
()13.Idon’tknow_____thedayaftertomorrow.
A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhe'llcome
()14.Couldyoutellme______thenearesthospitalis?
A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where
()15.Heaskedhisfather_______.
A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen
()16.SheaskedmeifIknew______.
A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit
()17.Doyouknowwhere_________now?
A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedinD.didhelive
()18.Pleasetellme______lastyear.
A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterwork
CwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked
()19.Ican’tunderstand_________.
A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmean
C.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeans
()20.Idon’tknow_____hewillcometomorrow._______hecomes,I'lltellyou.
A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If
参考答案
1、翻译练习。
1.Idon’tknowwhatyournameis.
2.Iwonderwhatthatgirlwants.
3.Idon’tknowwhoopenedthewindowsyesterday.
4.Idon’tknowwhatcolorshelikes.
二、单选。
1-5.ADCBC6-10.CCBAA11-15.CCDDC16-20.BADDD
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