主谓一致用法归纳.docx
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主谓一致用法归纳.docx
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主谓一致用法归纳
主谓一致用法归纳(总9页)
主谓一致用法归纳
在英语中,句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上必须做到一致。
下面是主谓一致的一些主要规则:
1、单词本身以-s结尾的某些名词作主语时,主谓一致的关系如下:
1)学科名称:
以-s结尾的科学名词如physics,mathematics(maths),politics,ecn\onomics(经济学)等作主语时,如果看作一门学科,谓语动词用单数,如果不是指一门学科,而是指其它含义,谓语动词可用复数。
如:
Politics is taught inour school.
Economics is an important subject.经济学是一门重要的学科。
但在以下句子中应使用得数谓语。
如:
Hismathematics are weak..他的数学能力弱。
2)某些专有名词:
以-s结尾的某些专有名词如theUnitedStates ,the UnitedNations等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
如:
TheUnitedstates is inNorthAmerica.
3)以-s结尾的词如news, means,works等词作主语时,谓语用单数,但如果means,works指复数意义时,谓语用复数。
如:
Achemical works is beingbuiltnow.
Twochemical works have beenbuiltin myhometown.
4)由成双,成双部分构成的器具及衣物等作主语时,谓语用复数。
若前边有apairof… 或asuitof…等词来修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
如:
The clothesweremadebyherself.
常见这样的词有:
trousers,glasses,scissors(剪刀),tongs(钳子)等。
2、用and连接的两个名词作主语:
1)用and并列两个单数名词,构成复数主语时,谓语动词用复数。
HeandTomarestudents.
2)用and连接两个单数名词在意义上指同一个人,物或概念时,谓语动词使用单数。
如:
The workerand writer iscomingtoourschool.
3)用and连接两个物质名词作主语时,若看作一种混合体时,谓语用单数。
如:
Much mudand sand has been washed away bythe flood.
若看作两种不同物质时,谓语用复数。
如:
Water andair arewhat we mustneed.
4)用and连接的两个名词,如果表示两个部件构成的物品组成一副用具时,谓语应使用单数。
如:
A knifeandforkisveryusefulfor a foreigner.
3、集合名词的主谓一致:
集合名词如:
family,team,class,group,government,court,
committee,population,audience等词作主语时,若看作整体时用单数谓语,若看作个体时用复数谓语。
如:
The familyis a large one.Thefamily are allmusic lovers.
4、the+adj或分词作主语时,若指一类人,谓语用复数,若指抽象的含义时,谓语动词用单数。
如:
The blindusually trusttheirsense of touch.
The good is beautiful,but the beautiful isnotalways good.
5、由连词or;either…or…;neither…nor…;notonly…butalso…等词后边的名词或代词保持一致。
如:
You orheistoblame.Eitheryou orI am right.
但疑问句与前边一致。
如:
Are either you orheright?
6、主语+but /except /besides/ aswellas /inadditionto / including / with +其它名词或代词时,谓语动词与前边的主语一致。
如:
No one but TomandJohn likes the topioc.
7、表示时间、重量、长度、价值的复数名词作主语时,若看作整体时,谓语用单数。
如:
Threeyearsis alongtime.但如果强调具体多少年时,谓语用复数。
如:
Three yearshavepassed.
8、由each…andeach… every…andevery no…andno…manya…andmanya…等并列单数名词作主语时,谓语用单数。
如:
Everyteacher andevery student isworkinghard.
9、被each或every限定的词作主语时,谓语用单数。
如:
Every student isworking hard.
但each若作主语的同位语时,或于句尾作状语时,不影响主语的数。
如:
They each have anEnglishdictionary.They were givenan Englishbook,each.
10、在定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,谓语与先行词一致。
如:
He is oneof the students who have passed the exam.但如果在one前若有the或the only修饰时,谓语用单数。
如:
He istheonlyoneofthestudentswhohas passed theexam.
11、当morethan one或manya引导主语时,谓语用单数。
如:
Many a student isgoing there.
12、在there be句型中,若有几个主语并列时,谓语用复数或同与there be最近的主语一致。
如:
There is(are)abook,apen andsome books onthedesk.注:
一般采取就近原则。
Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.Therearetwopensandabookonthedesk.
13、不定代词的主谓一致,不定代词如everything nothing ,no one ,everyone,someone等作主语时谓语用单数。
none作主语时,谓语可用复数(或单数=no one的含义)。
当either或neither作主语时谓语常用单数(在非正式文体,口语中有时用复数);当some;all;most;the rest of…作主语时,根据意义来确定。
如:
All arethere.(大定都在这)All isclear.(一切都清楚了)
14、加、减、乘、除算式中,谓语常用单数,但在非正式文体中也有用复数的情况。
如:
Two plustwo isfour.(plus,minus,times,dividedby相当于介词用)
15、分数(百分数)+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词根据情况来确定。
如:
One thirdofthe appleisrotten.One thirdoftheapples aregreen ones.
16、不定式,动名词,从句作主语时,谓语常用单数。
但what人句则根据情况确定。
如:
What weneed hereisanEnglish teacher.What weneedherearetwo English teachers.
When and where we shall hold themeeting has notbeen decided yet.
17、who,which作主语时,谓语根据其意义可用单数或复数。
18、强调句型的主谓一致,在强调句型中,谓语与被强调部分一致。
如:
It isIwhoam fortheplan.
Itis hewho istoblame.
练习
1、——Was everybody presentatthemeeting?
——No,allbut one there.
A. was B. were C.has gone D.is
2、Every means .
A. have been tried B.hasbeen tried C.have tired D.hastried
3、The police the lostboyin theforest.
A.were searching B.was searching C.were searching for D.was looking for
4、Many a boyand many agirl it since then.
A.haveseen Bhasseen C.has been seeing D.had seen
5、Eitheryour parents ofyourelder brother to attend themeeting tomorrow.
A.are B.is C.are going D.have
6、It Mikeand Mary who helpedthe oldmanseveral days ago.
A.was B.are C.were D.hadbeen
7、He isoneofthe student who passedtheexam.
A.has B.is C.have
8、Heis theonly oneofthestudents who passed theexam.
A.has B.is C.have D.are
9、More than one answer right.
A.is B.are C.prove D.seem
10、Many astudent to go there.
A.want B.wants C.are D.have
11、Mary together withher classmates come.
A.has B. have C.are D.were
12、Everything in the roomincludingthe tables andchairs new.
A.s B.are C.were D.seem
13、Whereandwhen weshall holdthemeeting yet.
A.has not decided B.have not decided C.hasnotbeendecided D.havenotbeendecided
14、What hesaid and what he did quitedifferent
A.were B.was C.is D.sounds
15、Either youor I wrong.
A.is Bare C.am D.were
16、His family allmusic lovers.
A.is B.are C.was D.have
17、The cattle eating grass onthehills.
A.is B.was C.are D.be
18、Eighty percent ofthepopulation farmers.
A.are B.is C .was D.be
19、His mathematics weak.
A. is B.are C.was D.be
20、What weneed here two Englishteachers.
A.is B.was C.be D.are
21、The rich never satisfied.
A.is B.was C.are D.be
22、The good beautiful ,but thebeautiful not always good.
A.is;is B.are;are C.is;are D.are;is
23、Ten years alongtime.
A.is B.are C.were D.be
24、Ten years passed.
A.has Bhave C.is D.are
25、All clear.
A.is B.are C.were D.be
26、The football team to meet on Sundays.
A.is B.are Cwas D.be
27、Air and water important for man.
A.is B.are C.was D.be
28、The Chinese people a brave and hardworking people.
A.are B.is C.were D.be
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