最新物流专业英语阅读理解.docx
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最新物流专业英语阅读理解.docx
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最新物流专业英语阅读理解
(一)
Aftercompletingacommercialtransaction,logisticswillexecutethetransferofgoodsfromthesupplier(seller)tothecustomer(buyer)inthemostcost-effectivemanner.Thisisthedefinitionoflogistics.Duringthetransferprocess,hardwaresuchaslogisticsfacilitiedandequipment(logisticscarriers)areneeded,aswellasinformationcontrolandstandardization.Inaddition,supportsfromthegovernmentandlogisticsassociationshouldbeinplace.
Threemajorfunctionsoflogistics
1.Creatingtimevalue:
samegoodscanbevalueddifferentlyatdifferenttimes.Goodsoftenstopduringthetransferprocess,whichisprofessionallycalledthestorageoflogistics.Itcreatesthetimevalueforgoods.
2.Creatinglocationvalue:
samegoodscanbevalueddifferentlyatdifferentlocations.Thevalueaddedduringthetransferprocessisthelocationvalueoflogistics.
3.DistributionprocessingValue:
sometimelogisticscreatedistributionprocessingvalue,whichchangesthelength,thicknessandpackagesofthegoods.Likepopularsaying,“cuttingintosmallerparts“isthemostcommonlyseendistributionprocessingform.Mostprocessingwithinlogisticscreateaddedvalueforgoods.
1.Whatisthemeaning“cost-effective”?
()
A.Costreduced
B.Economically
C.Costevaluate
D.Toaddcost
2.()createstimevalue
A.Transportation
B.Goodflow
C.Differentlocation
D.Storage
3.Whatisthesamemeaningoflocationvalue?
()
A.Differentvalue
B.Differentvalueofsamegoodsatthedifferentplaces
C.Differentgood
D.Differentvalueofdifferentgoodsatthesameplace
4.Whatisthedistributionprocessingvalue?
()
A.Distribution
B.Processing
C.Salesandprocessing
D.Changingthelength,thicknessandthepackageofthegoods
5.Thedistributionprocessvalueisavailableinalllogisticsactivities.Isitcorrectornot?
()
A.Both
B.Yes
C.Not
D.Notclear
(二)
Anincreasingnumberofcompaniesareinvolvingininternationalmarketsthroughexporting,licensing,jointventures,andownership.Thistrendshouldcontinue.Withsuchexpansionthereisaneedtodevelopworldwidelogisticsnetworks.Integratedlogisticsmanagementandcostanalysiswillbemorecomplexanddifficulttomanage.
Therearesomefuturetrendsininternationalization:
1.Morelogisticsexecutiveswithinternationalresponsibilities.
2.Expansionofthenumberandsizeofforeigntradezones.
3.Reductionintheamountofinternationalpaperworkanddocumentation.
4.Moreforeignwarehousingisownedandcontrolledbytheexportingfirm.
5.Increasingnumberofsmallerfirms.
6.Foreignownershipoflogisticsservicefirms,e.g.,publicwarehousingandtransportationcarriers.
7.Increasingmultipledistributionchannels.
Theinternationaltransportandtheinternationallogisticsaresamethingsinsomeway.So,whentheinternationaltradinginvolved,thefirmmustestablishinternationallogisticssystemstoprovidetheproductsandservicesdemanded.Themostsignificantdevelopmentininternationallogisticswillbetheincreasingsophisticationinformationsystemadoptedandindependentdepartmentstooperate.
1.Whatisthesubjectoftheparagraph?
()
A.Theinternationaltrade
B.Theinternationaltransport
C.Theinternationallogistics
D.Internationaleconomy
2.Whatisthesamemeaningof“Internationalization”?
()
A.Nationalization
B.Globalization
C.Integration
D.Standardization
3.Whatisthemeaningoftrend?
()
A.Generaldirection
B.Developingroad
C.Way
D.Path
4.Theinternationaltransportandtheinternationallogisticsaresame.Isitcorrectornot?
()
A.Notmentionintheparagraph
B.Notclear
C.Wrong
D.Right
5.Theinternationaltradeneedsthe()tofulfillitstransaction.
A.Trucks
B.Logistics
C.Ships
D.Aircrafts
(三)
Thecharactersofmodernlogisticsarehugequantity,quickresponseandglobalization.Inordertomeettheneeds,informationtechnologyhasbecomethebraintocontrolthem.
Barcode,POS,EDI,GPSandinternetarethemainchoicesfortheoperationoflogistics.Barcodesystemcangetthegoodsinformationfastandexactly.Bythedataprocessingunit,POSsystemcanchecktheinventoryofwarehouseatanytime.WhenthesupercenteradoptsPOSsystem,itcancheckthesalesrecord,inventoryevencashfloweasily.EDIisamagictoolthatcantranslateyourdocumentsintoelectronicdata,sentittoyourpartnerinanylocationbycable.Inthisway,wedon’tneedtomakedealface-to-face.revisethedocuments,declaretocustomsbeforetheshipmentsarrived,andmore.Now,EDIisthemostessentialinformationtoolforinternationaltradeandlogistics.Allofinformationtoolsarebasedoninternet.Intoday’ssociety,theorgansofcommercialandgovernment,schools,evenindividualcanmakeE-commercewithinternet.So,Internetisthegreatestrevolutiontoinfluencethemankind.
1.Informationtechnologycanhelptheoperationofthelogistics,butcan’tchangeitsfuture.
Isitcorrectornot?
()
A.Correct
B.Wrong
C.Inlimitedway
D.Theroleisnotdecided
2.EDIisthecoreofinformationtechnologyusedininternationaltradeandtransportation.
Isitafact?
()
A.Correct
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
D.Notclear
3.Whatisthemeaningof“magictool”intheparagraph?
()
A.Visible
B.Invisible
C.Net
D.Youcan’timageit.
4.Whatismostimportantinformationtechnologyinthelogistics?
()
A.BarCode
B.DOS
C.EDI
D.GPS
5.WhyistheInternetagreatrevolution?
()
A.Thenewestscientificandtechnologyinvention
B.Themostadvancedtechnology
C.Thevaluabletool
D.Helpingthemankindgreatly
(四)
Ifashipperhasastrictarrivalanddeparturerequirements,railroadsareatacompetitivedisadvantagecomparedtomotorcarriers.Someofthisdisadvantagemaybeovercomethroughcombinedtransport,whichofferstheeconomyofrailmovementlinkedwiththeflexibilityoftrucking.Trucktrailersaredeliveredtotherailterminals,wheretheyareloadedonflatbedrailcars.Atthedestinationterminaltheyareoff-loadedanddeliveredtotheconsignee-thecustomerwhoreceiverstheshipment.
Anadditionalareainwhichrailroadssufferincomparisontomotorcarriersisequipmentavailability.Railroadlinesuseeachother’scars,andattimesthisequipmentmaynotbylocatedwhereitismostneeded.Railcarsmaybeunavailablebecausetheyarebeingloaded,unloaded,movedwithinrailroadsortingyards,orundergoingrepair.Othercarsmaybestandingidleorlostwithinthevastrailnetwork.Anumberofdevelopmentsintherailindustryhavehelpedtoovercomesomeoftheseutilizationproblems.Advanceshaveincluded:
computerroutingandscheduling;theupgradingofequipment,roadbeds,andterminals;improvementsinrailcaridentificationsystems;andtheuseofunittrains,carsownedorleasedbytheshipper;anddedicatedthrough-trainservicebetweenmajormetropolitanareas(nonstopshipmentsofoneorafewshippers’products).Railroadsownapproximately80percentoftheircarfleet.Theremaining20percentareeitherleasedorownedbyshippers.
1.Thedisadvantagesofrailtransportcomparedwithmotorcarrieris()
A.Cost
B.Speed
C.Lostanddamageratios
D.Transittimeandfrequencyofservice
2.Thedisadvantageabovementionedcanbeovercomeby()
A.Combinedtransport
B.Morefrequency
C.Fasttrain
D.Moreflexible
3.Theadvantageofrailtransportare()
A.Greatamountofshipped
B.Lessdamageratio
C.Fastspeed、exactschedule、costsaved
D.Directshippingline
4.Railroadsownabout()oftheircarfleet
A.Half
B.80%
C.20%
D.Notmentioned
5.WhatisthemeaningofMetropolitanareas?
()
A.Aroundthecity
B.Cityitself
C.Theareanearthecity
D.Bigcityanditsneighborarea
(五)
Inventorycanservetwobasicfunctions:
1.Toprovideareserveforproductionandsales.
2.Togetthepricediscountbypurchasingalargequantities.
Inventorymayberawmaterialsforthefactoryorfinishedproductsforthewholesalerandretailer.Mostofinventoryisplacedinwarehouse.Usually,threewarehousesareavailable:
1.Privatewarehouse.Aprivatewarehouseisownedandoperatedbyacompany.Itisconvenienttotheownerwhocanstoreandprocesseasily.Formostfactoriesandbigtraders,theyoftenhavelargeorsmallwarehouse,moreorlessspacetostoregoods.
2.Publicwarehouse.PublicWarehouseisdevelopingfortheThirdPartLogisticsandoffersspecialservices,includingpackageandarrangementofdelivery.Publicwarehousehasadvantageofbetterserviceandlowercostthanprivateonebyitsspecializedequipmentandmarketingshare.
3.Contractwarehouse.Thiskindofwarehouseisformedanddependedontherelationbetweenthesuppliersandcustomer.
Whenbuyerpurchasesgoods,theydon’toftenshipitatthesametimeandstoreatthesellers’warehouse.Warehouseequipmentconsistsoffolklifttruck,stacker,goodshelfandconveyor,etc.
1.Inventoryisthesameaswarehouse.Isittrueornot?
()
A.Sometimeyes
B.Not
C.Norelationbetweenthem
D.Differentgoodsatdifferentplace
2.Generallyspeaking,therearetwokindsofinventorywhichare()
A.Goods
B.Materials
C.Materialsandproducts
D.Rawmaterialsandfinishedproducts
3.Publicwarehouseismostefficient.Whatisyouropinion?
()
A.Dependonthesituation
B.Yes
C.Not
D.Notcomparable
4.Usually,contractwarehousedoesn’tneedtopay.Isitcorrectornot?
()
A.Yes
B.Not
C.Itdidn’tmentionit.
D.Sometimeyes,sometimenot.
5 Whatistheequipmentofwarehouse?
( )
A.Tools
B.Toolsforhandling,loadingandunlo
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