最新中考英语谓语动词的时态完成体现在过去将来.docx
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最新中考英语谓语动词的时态完成体现在过去将来.docx
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最新中考英语谓语动词的时态完成体现在过去将来
中考英语--谓语动词的时态:
完成体(现在,过去,将来)
●现在完成时
定义:
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。
结构:
主语+have/has+done(动词的过去分词)
从中考角度,解析一般将来时的出题方向
现在完成时的讲解
情景一:
●谈论行为结果:
“已already”“还没有not…yet”
①Ginaisn’there.
Shehasalreadygonetoschool.
②I’mhungry.
Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.
③Tomcan’tfindhiskey.
Hehaslostit.
情景二:
●谈论之前的经历“曾ever”;“不曾never”;“……次数”,截止点是现在。
①--What’sGeorge’ssisterlike?
--Ihavenoidea.Ihavenevermether.
②--Doyouknowthiscityverywell?
--Yes.Ihavebeenheremanytimes.
③--IsQinghaiabeautifulcity?
--Idon’tknow.Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.
情景三:
●肯定句中,谈论目前身份、状态所持续时间段。
①Myfatherisateacher.(现状)
Hehasbeenateacherfor20years.(现状所持续的时间段)
②Mygrandparentsliveinthecountryside.(现状)
Theyhavelivedtheresincetheywereborn.(现状所持续的时间段)
③Shedoesn’teatmeat.(现状)
Shehasn’teatenmeatformanyyears.(现状所持续的时间段)
通过上下语境的对比,我们来系统地讲了现完的三种语境。
来做做下面的试题吧。
用括号内单词的适当形式完成句子。
1.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.
2._____he____(finish)hisworktoday?
Notyet.
3.Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.
4.Where’sLiMing?
He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.
5.I__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.
6.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.
7.Howlong________theWangs______________(stay)here?
Fortwoweeks.
8.I________just___________(finish)myhomework.
9.He________(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.
10.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?
11.Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.
12.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.
13.Look!
Themonkey__________(climb)thetree.
14.Mymother__________(come)toseemenextSunday.
答案:
1.Ihavealreadyseen(see)thefilm.Isaw(see)itlastweek.
2.Hashefinished(finish)hisworktoday?
Notyet.
3.Myfatherhasjustcome(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.
4.Where’sLiMing?
Hehasgone(go)totheteacher’soffice.
5.Ihaveworked(work)heresince1999.
6.SofarIhavemade(make)quiteafewfriendshere.
7.HowlonghavetheWangsstayed(stay)here?
Fortwoweeks.
8.Ihavejustfinished(finish)myhomework.
9.Hegoes(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.
10.Haveyoufound(find)yoursciencebookyet?
11.Ifitis(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.
12.Thestudentswerereading(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.
13.Look!
Themonkeyisclimbing(climb)thetree.
14.Mymotherwillcome(come)toseemenextSunday.
●过去完成时的结构
动作性句子:
谓语(行为)动词haddoneWehadalotofworkatschoolbeforetheclasseswereover.
结构
非动作性句子:
谓语动词be--hadbeenIrealizedthatIhadbeeninbadmoodtoolong.
从中考角度,解析过去完成时的出题方向
情景二:
过去完成时
过去完成时指过去某个时间之前发生的事情或存在的状态,是过去的过去。
常用的时间状语有by.....,bythetime,bythen,before等。
一般过去时PK过去完成时
1.Ididn’tgotothefilmwithmyfriendsyesterdaybecauseIhadseenittwice.
“没去看”是昨天发生的事,用过去时;而“看过两次”是昨天之前发生的,故用过去完成时;
2.WherehadyougonebeforeIcamehere?
“来这”是过去时,而“去哪了”发生在来这之前,故用过去完成时;
3.IhadbegantoplaythepianobythetimeIwenttoschool.
“上学”是过去时,而“开始弹琴”发生在上学之前,故用过去完成时;
【提示】你有没有发现什么特征呢?
句子中的过去时和过去完成时,是为了说明两个动作发生的先后顺序,你再仔细琢磨一下!
1.They_______abouteighthundredEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.
A.willlearnB.hadlearnedC.aregoingtolearnD.havelearned
2.Theplane_______whenwegottotheairport.
A.hadtakenoffB.wastakenoffC.willtakeoffD.takesoff
3.--Whydidn’tyoubuythedictionaryyesterday?
--BecauseI_______onebefore.
A.hadboughtB.haveboughtC.boughtD.wouldbuy
答案:
1.B从bytheendoflastterm,截止到上学期末可知,叙述的上学期之前发生的事情。
2.A从whenwegotto....当我们到机场时,飞机已经起飞了,到达是过去时,起飞是过去完成时。
3.A语境是:
昨天怎么不买,因为之前买过了;昨天已过去,“买”发生在昨天之前。
短暂性动词VS延续性动词
1.你知道该如何划分短暂性动词和延续性动词吗?
动词按其动作发生的方式,动作发生过程的长短,可分为短暂性动词和延续性动词。
2.那什么是短暂性动词,什么是延续性动词,它们之间又该如何转换呢?
我们来看看下面的讲义,来进行具体的讲解吧。
情景一:
短暂性动词VS延续性动词
●短暂性动词表示瞬间动词、点动词,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如open,close,begin,finish,
在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用
Thisfilmbeganfiveminutesago.
在否定句中可以表示时间段的状语连用
Hehasn’tlefthishometownfortenyears.
●延续性动词表示能够延续性的动词,与表示时间段的短语连用。
Youcankeepthisbookfortwodays.
情景二:
短暂性动词转化为延续性动词常见的方法
①用意义相同或相近的延续性动词替代。
如:
borrow→keep,buy→have,puton→wear,get/catchacold→haveacold
②用“be+形容词”替代。
如:
die→bedead,open→beopen,marry→bemarried,
③用“be+介词或副词”替代。
如:
begin/start→beon,leave→beaway,come→bein/here,end→beover
通过上面的讲解,你能实现短暂性动词与延续性动词的变换吗?
①Thetrainhasarrived,andithas________fortenminutes.
②Myteacherwillleave,andhewill________foraweek.
③Hisgrandpahasdied,andhehas________foralmost5years.
④Youcanborrowmybike,butyoucanonly________itforoneday.
⑤Themoviehasstarted,andithas________forhalfanhour.
⑥Thelessonhasfinished,ithas________for10minutes.
答案:
1.beenhere2.beaway3.beendead4.keep5.beenon6.beenover
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1.阅读理解
Inanicehousetherelivedanoldman.Behindthehousetherewasabiggarden.Heplantedmanyplantsthere.Hetookcareofhis flowersallthetime,wateringandfertilizing(施肥)them.
Onedayayoungmanwentbythegarden.Helookedatthebeautifulflowers,imagininghowhappyhecouldbeifhelivedinsuchabeautifulplace.Then,suddenlyhefoundtheoldgardenerwasblind.Hewasvery_________aboutthisandasked,“Youcan'tseetheseflowers. Whyareyoubusytakingcareofthemeveryday?
”
Theoldmansmiledandsaid,“Icantellyousome reasons .First,IwasagardenerwhenIwasyoung,andIreallylikethisjob.Second, although Ican'tseetheseflowers,Icantouchthem. Third,Icansmellthesweetnessofthem.Astothelastone,that's you.”
“Me?
Butyoudon'tknowme,”saidtheyoungman.
“Yeah,it's true thatIdon'tknowyou.ButIknowthatflowersareangelsthateverybody knows.Weenjoythehappinesstheseflowershavebroughtus.”
Theblindman'sworkopenedoureyesand pleased ourheart,whichalsomadehislife happier.ItwasjustlikeBeethoven,whobecamedeafinhislaterlifeandwrotemanygreatmusicalwords.Beethovenhimselfcouldn't hear hiswonderfulmusic,buthismusichas encouraged millionsofpeopletofacetheirdifficultiesbravely.Isn'titonekindofhappiness?
(1)Whichisthebestwordwecanputintheblanket”___________”inParagraph2?
A. excited.
B. surprised.
C. worried.
D. relaxed.
(2)Howmanyreasonsdidtheoldmanmentioned?
?
A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six
(3)Whatwasthecorrectorderinwhichtheseeventshappened?
a.Theoldmanexplained. b.Theyoungmanwentbythegarden.
c.Theoldmanwateredtheflowers. d.Theyoungmanfoundtheoldmanwasblind.
A. b-c-a-d
B. c-b-a-d
C. b-c-d-a
D. c-b-d-a
(4)WhoisBeethoven?
A. Theyoungman.
B. Theoldman.
C. Agardener.
D. Amusician.
(5)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A. TheWiseYoungMan B. TheNiceFlowers
C. TheBlindGardener
D. AKindofHappiness.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)B
(3)D
(4)D
(5)D
【解析】【分析】
⑴词义猜测。
excited兴奋的;surprised吃惊的;worried担心的;relaxed放松的。
根据语境可知“他突然发现老园丁是盲人”,所以他非常“惊讶”,问他,“你看不见这些花儿,为什么每天照顾他们。
”故选B。
⑵细节理解。
根据文章中老人的话 Third,Icansmellthesweetnessofthem.Astothelastone,that's you可知老人一共列出了四个理由,故选B。
⑶细节理解。
根据文章描述可知,老人在浇花儿,一个年轻人经过,发现老人是盲人,他感到好奇,问老人原因,老人做出解释,故选D。
⑷推理判断。
根据最后一段Beethovenhimselfcouldn't hear hiswonderfulmusic,buthismusichas encouraged millionsofpeopletofacetheirdifficultiesbravely.可知贝多芬是一位音乐家。
故选D。
⑸主旨大意。
本文通过一位年轻人与失明的园丁的对话折射出一个道理,给别人带来快乐也是一种快乐。
故选D。
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力,答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词,在文章中寻找答案。
2.阅读短文,从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
ByAnnaMatteo
28January,2019
A3-year-oldboywhowaslostinthewoodsfortwodaysisnowsafeathomewithhisfamily.ButCaseyHathawaytoldhisrescuers(救援者)thathewasnotaloneintherainy,freezingcoldwoods.Hesaidhewaswithafriend—abear.
ThechildwentmissingonJanuary22whileplayingwithfriendsnearhisgrandmother'shouseinNorthCarolina.WhentheotherchildrenreturnedbutCaseydidnot,thefamilysearchedtheareaforalmostanhourbeforecallingthepolice.
Policeformedasearchteamtolookfortheyoungboyinthenearbywoods.Buttwodayswentbyand—noCasey.
ThenonJanuary24,someonecalledthepolicesayingheheardachildcryinginthewoods.PolicefollowedupontheinformationandfoundCaseyatabout9:
30thatnight.Hewasingoodhealth.
Caseytoldtherescuershehadhungoutwithablackbearfortwodays,abearhecalledhis"friend".
ThepoliceofficerChipHughesspokewithreportersfromseveralnewsagencies.HesaidCaseydidnotsayhowhecouldsurviveinthewoodsfortwodaysinthecold,rainyweather."However,"thepoliceofficersaid,"hedidsayhehadafriendinthewoodsthatwasabearwithhim."
Hundredsofpeoplehelpedinthesearchandrescueefforts,includingsome600volunteers,policeandmembersofthearmy.DoctorsatthemedicalcentergaveCaseysomeexamination.HewasthensenttohisfamilyonJanuary25.
Hismothertalkedwithreportersandthankedeveryonewhojoinedthesearchforherson."Wejustwanttotelleverybodythatwe'reverythankfulthatyoutookthetimeouttosearchforCasey,"sa
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