winter cold tongue SSTs were significantly colder during Heinrich event.docx

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wintercoldtongueSSTsweresignificantlycolderduringHeinrichevent

WefoundbranchedProtovirgulariaindeep-seadepositsoftheJapanesePalaeogene.►Thebranchedspecimensareprobablyformedastheresultoftrail-followingbehaviour.►Theanimalsfollowedtrailsofotherindividualstosaveenergyforlocomotion.►Thepre-existingtrailwasfunctionedasa“highway”forthetrail-follower.►Thisisprobablythefirstreportoftrail-followingofinfaunalinvertebrates.

11

RemovingderelictfishinggearfromthedeepseabedoftheEastSea  OriginalResearchArticle

MarinePolicy,Volume35,Issue5,September2011,Pages610-614

Dong-OhCho

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12

Millennial-scaledynamicsofthewintercoldtongueinthesouthernSouthChinaSeaoverthepast26 kaandtheEastAsianwintermonsoon  OriginalResearchArticle

QuaternaryResearch,Volume75,Issue1,January2011,Pages196-204

EnqingHuang,JunTian,StephanSteinke

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Abstract

Millennial-scalevariationsoftheEastAsianwintermonsoon（EAWM）remainelusiveduetosparseandcontroversialreconstructions.Bycompilingavarietyofalkenone-basedseasurfacetemperature（SST）estimates,wefindthatthewest–eastSSTgradientinthesouthernSouthChinaSea（SCS）welldocumentsthetemporaldynamicsofthewinter“coldtongue”offthesouthernVietnamandbyinference,variationsintheEAWMintensityoverthepast26 ka.Ourresultsrevealthatthewinter“coldtongue”SSTsweresignificantlycolderduringHeinrichevent1andtheYoungerDryasevent,resultinginanincreasedwest–eastSSTgradientinthesouthernSCSduetoastrengthenedEAWM.Withindatinguncertainties,anintensifiedEAWMduringcoldstadialswascoevalwiththeshutdownorareductioninstrengthoftheAtlanticmeridionaloverturningcirculation（AMOC）,exhibitingastronglinkagebetweentheAMOCandtheEAWMsystem.Thewest–eastSSTgradientalsoindicatesanenhancedEAWMduringtheearlyHolocene,whichmaybeinducedbypostglacialice-sheetdynamicsandastrongseasonalcontrastinsolarinsolation.OurfindingssuggestthattheEAWMwasprobablymodulatedbyacomplexinterplaybetweentheAMOC,solarinsolationandice-sheetdynamicsonsub-orbitaltimescales.

ArticleOutline

Introduction

Oceanographicsetting

Strategyandproxyvariableusedforreconstructing“coldtongue”dynamics

SSTgradientvariationsandimplicationsforthe“coldtongue”andEAWMdevelopment

ControlsontheEAWMintensityoverthepast26 ka

TheEAWMduringtheLGM

TheEAWMduringthelastdeglaciation

TheEAWMduringtheearlyHolocene

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

13

AnassessmentofselectedheavymetalcontaminationinthesurfacesedimentsfromtheSouthChinaSeabefore1998  OriginalResearchArticle

JournalofGeochemicalExploration,Volume108,Issue1,January2011,Pages1-14

LaiminZhu,JiangXu,FeiWang,BenLee

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Abstract

RapideconomicdevelopmentinEastAsiancountrieshasinevitablyresultedinenvironmentaldegradationinthesurroundingseas,andconcernforboththeenvironmentandprotectionagainstpollutantsisincreasing.Identificationofsourcesofcontaminantsandevaluationofcurrentenvironmentalstatusareessentialtoenvironmentalpollutionmanagement,butrelativelylittlehasbeendoneintheSouthChinaSea（SCS）.InordertoinvestigatethemetalpollutionstatusandsourcewithintheSCS,atotalof52surfacesedimentsampleswerecollectedin1998fromtheSCSfortheselectedheavymetalmeasurementssuchasPb,Zn,Cu,V,Cr,CdandSc.Thetotalconcentrations（inmg kg− 1dryweight）insedimentsrangedandaveraged（mean ± S.D.）:

Pb,4.18to58.7（23.6 ± 8.93）;Zn,10.7to346（87.4 ± 47.7）;Cu,5.29to122（38.1 ± 24.6）;V,0.03to148（78.0 ± 37.0）;Cr,4.48to589（105 ± 86）;Cd,0.08to2.14（0.40 ± 0.40）andSc,0.33to20.6（10.6 ± 4.4）,respectively.Enrichmentfactor（EF）valuesandgeoaccumulationindexes（Igeo）suggestthatCu,Pb,ZnandVcontaminationexistsonlyinfewlocalizedareas,butCrandCdcontaminationcanbefoundinlarge-scaleareaoftheSCSbefore1998.Furtherstudiesareneededtoreconstructdepositionhistoryandfortrendanalysis.

ArticleOutline

1.Introduction

2.Materialsandmethods

3.Resultsanddiscussion

3.1.Abundanceanddistributionofheavymetals

3.2.Theenrichmentfactors（EF）

3.3.Thegeoaccumulationindex（Igeo）

4.Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Researchhighlights

►Atotalof52surfacesedimentsampleswerecollectedin1998fromtheSouthChinaSea（SCS）fortheselectedheavymetalmeasurementssuchasPb,Zn,Cu,V,Cr,CdandSc.►Acompositiveapproachthatintegratessedimentstandardcriteria,grainsizeeffect,enrichmentfactorandgeoaccumulationindexsuggeststhatCu,Pb,ZnandVcontaminationexistonlyinfewlocalizedareas,butCrandCdcontaminationcanbefoundinlarge-scaleareaoftheSCSbefore1998.►ThetrendandextentofmetalaccumulationoverthelastfewhundredandrecentyearsofsedimentationintheSCSareneededtobestudied.

14

SeismicstratigraphyandstructuralanalysisofthenorthernEastChinaSeaShelfBasininterpretedfrommulti-channelseismicreflectiondataandcross-sectionrestoration  OriginalResearchArticle

MarineandPetroleumGeology,Volume28,Issue5,May2011,Pages1003-1022

DenizCukur,SenayHorozal,DaeC.Kim,HyunC.Han

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Abstract

Analysisofmulti-channelseismicdatafromthenorthernEastChinaSeaShelfBasin（ECSSB）revealsthreesub-basins（Socotra,Domi,andJejubasins）,separatedbystructuralhighs（HupijiaoRise）andfaultedbasementblocks.Thesesub-basinsshowatypicalrift-basindevelopment:

faultedbasementandsyn-riftandpost-riftsedimentationseparatedbyunconformities.Fourregionalunconformities,includingthetopofacousticbasement,havebeenidentifiedandmappedfrommulti-channelseismicdata.FaultsintheacousticbasementaregenerallytrendingNE,paralleltotheregionalstructuraltrendofthearea.Thedepthsoftheacousticbasementrangefromlessthan1000 minthenorthwesternpartoftheDomiBasintomorethan4500 mintheSocotraBasinand5500 mintheJejuBasin.Thetotalsedimentthicknessesrangefromlessthan500 mtoabout1500 minthenorthwestwheretheacousticbasementisshallowandreachaboutmorethan5500 minthesouth.

Interpretationofseismicreflectiondataandreconstructionofthreedepth-convertedseismicprofilesrevealthatthenorthernECSSBexperiencedtwophasesofrifting,followedbyregionalsubsidence.TheinitialriftingintheLateCretaceouswasdrivenbytheNW-SEcrustalstretchingoftheEurasianPlate,causedbythesubductionofthePacificPlatebeneaththeEurasianPlate.Extensionwasthegreatestduringtheearlyphaseofbasinformation;estimatedratesofextensionduringtheinitialriftingare2%,6.5%,and3.5%intheDomi,Jeju,andSocotrabasins,respectively.AregionalupliftterminatedtheriftingintheLateEocene-EarlyOligocene.Riftingandextension,althoughmild,resumedintheEarlyOligocene;whilefluvio-lacustrinedepositioncontinuedtoprevail.Theestimatedratesofextensionduringthesecondphaseofriftingare0.7%,0.8%,and0.5%intheDomi,Jeju,andSocotrabasins,respectively.AsecondphaseofupliftintheEarlyMioceneterminatedtherifting,markingthetransitiontothepost-riftphaseofregionalsubsidence.RegionalsubsidencedominatedthestudyareabetweentheEarlyMioceneandtheLateMiocene.AninversionintheLateMioceneinterruptedthepost-riftsubsidence,resultinginanextensivethrust-foldbeltintheeasternpartofthearea.Upliftandsubsequenterosionwerefollowedbyregionalsubsidence.

ArticleOutline

1.Introduction

2.Geologicandtectonicsetting

3.Datasetsandmethods

4.Unconformitiesandmegasequences:

dataanalysisandinterpretations

4.1.Regionalunconformities

4.1.1.MB1（LateCretaceous–thetopoftheacousticbasement）

4.1.2.MB2（LateEocene-EarlyOligocene）

4.1.3.MB3（EarlyMiocene）

4.1.4.MB4（LateMiocene）

4.2.Megasequences

4.2.1.MS1（LateCretaceous–LateEoceneandEarlyOligocene）

4.2.2.MS2（LateEoceneandEarlyOligocene–EarlyMiocene）

4.2.3.MS3（EarlyMiocene–LateMiocene）

4.2.4.MS4（LateMiocene-Present）

4.3.Totalsedimentthickness

5.Cross-sectionrestoration

5.1.Line1

5.2.Line2

5.3.Line3

6.Discussion

6.1.Riftingphase1（LateCretaceousandLateEocene-EarlyOligocene）

6.2.Riftingphase2（EarlyOligoceneandEarlyMiocene）

6.3.Post-riftphase1（EarlyMioceneandLateMiocene）

6.4.Post-riftphase2（LateMioceneandPresent）

7.Summaryandconclusions

Acknowledgements

References

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Highlights

►Thispaperpresents2DseismicmappingofthenorthernEastChinaSeaShelfBasin.►Structuralandstratigraphicevolutionofthebasinhavebeeninvestigated.►Wehavealsoreconstructedthreedepth-convertedseismicreflectionprofiles.►Cross-sectionrestorationprovidedquantitativeinformationaboutextensionrates.

15

BacterioplanktondynamicsalongthegradientfromhighlyeutrophicPearlRiverEstuarytooligotrophicnor