专八语言学选择题及答案.docx
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专八语言学选择题及答案.docx
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专八语言学选择题及答案
专八语言学试题一
1.Linguisticsisthescientificstudyof__________.
A.aparticularlanguage
B.theEnglishlanguage
C.humanlanguagesingeneral
D.thesystemofaparticularlanguage
2.Theconsonant[f]inEnglishcanbecorrectlydescribedashavingthefollowingphoneticfeatures:
__________.
A.voiceless,bilabial,stop
B.voiceless,labiodental,fricative
C.voiced,bilabial,stop
D.voiced,labiodental,fricative
3.Therearedifferenttypesofaffixesormorphemes.Theaffix"ed"intheword"learned"isknownasa(n)__________.
A.derivationalmorpheme
B.freemorpheme
C.inflectionalmorpheme
D.freeform
4.Inthephrasestructurerule"S→NPVP",thearrowcanbereadas__________.
A.isequalto
B.consistsof
C.has
D.generates
5."Iboughtsomeroses"__________"Iboughtsomeflowers".
A.entails
B.presupposes
C.isinconsistentwith
D.issynonymouswith
6.Y'sutteranceinthefollowingconversationexchangeviolatesthemaximof__________.
X:
Whowasthatyouwerewithlastnight
Y:
Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks
A.quality
B.quantity
C.relation
D.manner
7.Changesinalanguagearechangesinthegrammarofthespeakersofthelanguage.Thismeansthatphonemes,__________,wordsandgrammaticalrulesmaybeborrowed,added,lostoraltered.
A.phrases
B.sentences
C.morphemes
D.utterances
8.Inaspeechcommunitypeoplehavesomethingincommon__________alanguageoraparticularvarietyoflanguageandrulesforusingit.
A.socially
B.linguistically
C.culturally
D.pragmatically
9.Whichofthemajormentalfunctionslistedbelowisnotunderthecontrolofthelefthemisphereinmostpeople__________.
A.languageandspeech
B.visualandspatialskills
C.readingandwriting
D.analyticreasoning
10.Ingeneral,the__________stagebeginsroughlyinthesecondhalfofthechild'ssecondyear.
A.babbling
B.one-word
C.two-word
D.multiword
答案:
专八语言学试题二
famousquotationfromShakespeare'splay“RomeoandJuliet”‘Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet’wellillustrates_______.()
conventionalnatureoflanguage
creativenatureoflanguage
universalityoflanguage
bigdifferencebetweenhumanlanguageandanimalcommunication
thefollowingsoundcombinations,only_______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.()
sentencethathasaNPandaVPcanbeshownina_______formula"S→NPVP".()
diagram
isthe_______onCaseassignmentthatstatesthataCaseassignorandaCaserecipientshouldstayadjacenttoeachother.()
Condition
Condition
Parameter
analysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.
toSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_______.()
term_______linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.
comparative
wayinwhichpeopleaddresseachotherdependsontheirage,sex,socialgroup,andpersonalrelationship.TheEnglishsystemofaddressformsfrequentlyusedincludesfirstname,lastname,title+lastname,_______,andkinterm.
+firstname
+title
alone
name+lastname+title
andthoughtmaybeviewedastwoindependentcirclesoverlappinginsomeparts.Whenlanguageandthoughtareidenticalorcloselyparalleltoeachother,wemayregardthoughtas"subvocalspeech,"andspeechas"_______".()
thought
thought
thought
thought
ofthefollowingbeststatesthebehavioristviewofchildlanguageacquisition_______.()
acquisitionisaprocessofhabitformation
acquisitionisthespecies-specificpropertyofhumanbeings
arebornwithaninnateabilitytoacquirelanguage
areequippedwiththeneuralprerequisitesforlanguageandlanguageuse
答案专八语言学试题三
modernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,andnottolaydownrulesfor"correct"linguisticbehavior,itissaidtobe___.
A.prescriptive
B.sociolinguistic
C.descriptive
D.psycholinguistic
allthespeechorgans,the___is/arethemostflexible.
A.mouth
B.lips
C.tongue
D.vocalcords
morpheme"vision"inthecommonword"television"isa(n)___.
A.boundmorpheme
B.boundform
C.inflectionalmorpheme
D.freemorpheme
___intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthat
introducestheembeddedclause.
A.coordinator
B.particle
C.preposition
D.subordinator
5."CanIborrowyourbike"___"Youhaveabike."
A.issynonymouswith
B.isinconsistentwith
C.entails
D.presupposes
branchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowcontextinfluencestheway
speakersinterpretsentencesiscalled___.
A.semantics
B.pragmatics
C.sociolinguistics
D.psycholinguistics
changesmaybeexplained,inpart,asanalogicchanges,
whichare___orgeneralization.
A.elaboration
B.simplification
C.externalborrowing
D.internalborrowing
referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsand
straightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.
A.Linguafranca
B.Creole
C.Pidgin
D.Standardlanguage
neurologistsandlinguistshaveconcludedthat,in
additiontothemotorareawhichisresponsibleforphysicalarticulation
ofutterances,threeareasoftheleftbrainarevitaltolanguage,
namely,___.
A.Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandtheangulargyrus
B.Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandcerebralcortex
C.Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandneurons
D.Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandExner'sarea
toKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconcious
developmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyin
dailycommunicativesituations.
A.learning
B.competence
C.performance
D.acquisition
答案
专八语言学试题四
pairofwords“lend”and“borrow”are___.()
opposites
opposites
discoveryofIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilybeganwiththeworkoftheBritishscholar.()
Grimm
Rask
Bopp
WilliamJones
linguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas__.()
tobefeared
fastandfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciationbutthecontentoftheirspeechrangesfrommildlyinappropriatetocompletenonsense,oftenasunintelligible.()
'saphasic
linguisticdeprivation
damageontheangulargyrus
'saphasic
SouthernlearnersofEnglishinChinatendtosay“night”as“light”.Thisshows:
.()
cannotpronounce/n/
interferencebecausethereisnotthesound/n/intheirmothertongue
teachersdonothaveagoodteachingmethod
donotliketopronouncenasalsounds
wordwithseveralmeaningsiscalled__wor
D.()
polysemous
synonymous
abnormal
multiple
functionofthesentence“Aniceday,isn'tit”is__.()
mostrecognizabledifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharein__andvocabulary.()
withthewayinwhichalanguagevariesthroughgeographicalspace.()
geography
semanticcomponentsoftheword“gentleman”canbeexpressedas__.()
A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult
B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult
C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult
D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult
答案专八语言学试题五
Tickoffthecorrectorthebestpossibleanswers:
1Oneofthepropertiesoflanguageisthatalanguageusercanunderstandandproducesentenceshe/shehasneverheardbefore.Thispropertyoflanguageiscalled________.
A.duality
B.productivity
C.displacement
D.arbitrary
Key:
B
2The______functionreferstothefactthatlanguagecanbeusedforestablishingafavorableatmosphereormaintainingsocialcontactratherthanforexchanginginformationorideas.
A.phatic
B.directive
C.evocative
D.performative
Key:
A
3Fromafunctionalapproach,the_______meaningofalanguageuseconsistsofwhatiscommunicatedofthefeelingsandattitudesofthespeaker/writer.
A.affective
B.associative
C.stylistic
D.collocative
Key:
A
4When-ingin'gangling'isremovedtogetaverb'gangle',wecallthiswayofcreatingwords________.
A.suffixation
B.back-formation
C.blending
D.acronymy
Key:
B
5______referstotheprocessbywhichwordsrisefromhumblebeginningstopositionsofimportance.
A.Degradation
B.Specialization
C.Elevation
D.Extension
Key:
C
6Asweknow,everyspeakerhashisownpetwordsandexpressionsandspecialwayofexpressinghisideasinlanguage.Thislanguagevarietyofindividualusersiscalled______.
A.idiolect
B.regionaldialect
C.temporaldialect
D.socialdialect
Key:
A
7Whenpitch,stressandlengthvariationsaretiedtothesentenceratherthantotheword,theyarecollectivelyknownas________.
A.intonation
B.tone
C.phoneme
D.sentencestress
Key:
A
8_______referstothechangeofasoundasaresultoftheinfluenceofanadjacentsoun
D.
A.Additionofsound
B.Lossofsound
C.Metathesis
D.Assimilation
Key:
D
9Basically,allthelanguagesintheworldcanbeclassifiedintermsoflanguagefamily.VietnameseandKoreanaretwolanguagesinthe______family.
A.Indo-European
B.Sino-Tibetan
C.Hamito-Semitic
D.Malayo-Polynesian
Key:
B
10A_______istheminimalcontrastiveunitinthewritingsystemofalanguage.
A.morpheme
B.phoneme
C.grapheme
D.letter
Key:
C
11Allmono-morphemicwordsareconstitutedbyfreemorphemes,andthosepoly-morphemicwordswhichconsistwhollyoffreemorphemesarecalled_________.
A.hyponyms
B.compounds
C.blends
D.allomorphs
Key:
B
12Therequirementthattheformsoftwoormorewordsofspecificwordclasseswhichstandinspecificsyntacticrelationshipwithoneanothershallalsobecharacterizedbythesameparadigmaticallymarkedcategoryorcategoriesiscalled_______.
A.concord
B.government
C.recursiveness
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