全国职称英语考试样题理工类.docx
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全国职称英语考试样题理工类.docx
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全国职称英语考试样题理工类
全国职称英语考试样题(理工类)
2001年12月13日09:
54 天极网 本文阅读次数:
2304
第一部分 阅读理解(75分)
Passage1
CATVisashortwayofsaying“communityantenna(天线)television.”But“cabletelevision”isthetermmostpeopleuse.CabletelevisionallowsviewerstoreceiveTVprogramsthattheycannotpickupwiththeirregularantennas.
Televisionsignalsdonotfollowthecurve(曲线)oftheearth.Theytravelinstraightlinesinalldirections.SignalsfromaTVstationmovetowardthehorizon(水平线)andthengointospace.Ifyouliveonlyafewmilesfromastation,youmaynotgetanypictureatall.
CATVbeganin1948.Peopleinplacesfarfrom TVstationssharedthecostofputtinguphighantennas.Acommunityantennawasusuallyplacedonahill,a mountain,oronahightower.TheantennapickedupTVsignalsandfedthemintoasmalllocalstation.Fromthestation,thickwirescalledcablesranouttonearbyhomes.Eachpersonusingthecablepaidamonthlycharge.
CATVworkedwell,andsoonnewuseswerefoundforit.Localstationscouldfeedprogramsintoemptychannelsthatwerenotinuse.Peoplealongthecablecouldhavelocalnews,weatherreports,andfarmandschoolnewsatnoextracharge.
Today,cabletelevisionhasmovedintocities.Itbringsinextraprogramsthatcityviewerswithregularantennascannotsee.Itisalsousedinmanyclassroomsthroughoutthecountry.
1.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthat________.
○A.mostpeopleusecabletelevision
○B.“communityantenna”isanothernamefor“regularantenna”
○C.acommunityantennaisusedforcabletelevision
○D.regularantennascannotpickupTVsignalsprograms
2.Ofthefollowing,whichisNOTthewayTVsignalstravel?
○A.Inacurve.
○B.Inastraightline.
○C.Inalldirection.
○D.Towardthehorizon.
3.CableTVisbecomingmoreandpopularbecause_____________.
○A.itisfreeofcharge
○B.itcanprovidemoreprograms
○C.itprovidesallTVusersgoodpictures
○D.TVsetswithregularantennascanalsohaveagoodreceptionthroughCATV
4.Onthewhole,thispassageisabout________.
○A.howtoputuphighantennas
○B.awayofpickingupbetterTVprograms
○C.howtousetheemptychannelsonyourTVset
○D.thewaythatTVsignalsaresent
5.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat__________.
○A.TVhasbeguntobeusedforeducationalpurposes
○B.thereisnochargeforCATV
○C.cableTVcannotbeusedinmountainousareas
○D.antennasforcableTVareusuallyputupinthecenterofacommunity
Passage2
Inearliesttimes,menconsideredlightningtobeoneofthegreatmysteriesofnature.Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightningandthunderweretheweaponsofthegods.
Inreality,lightningisaflowofelectricityformedhighabovetheearth.Asingleflashoflightning1.6kilometerslonghasenoughelectricitytolightonemillionlightbulbs.
TheAmericanscientistandstatesman,BenjaminFranklin,wasthefirsttoshowtheconnectionbetweenelectricityandlightningin1752.Inthesameyearhealsobuiltthefirstlightningrod.Thisdeviceprotectsbuildingsfromdamagebylightning.
Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestrokeoflightingcontainsmorethan15millionvolts.Asparkbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtravelataspeedof30millionmeterspersecond.
Scientistsestimatethatthereareabout2000millionflashesoflightningperyear.LightninghitstheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCity30to48timesayear.IntheUnitedStatesalongitkillsanaverageofonepersoneveryday.
Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.Outside,oneshouldgotolowgroundandnotgetundertrees.Also,oneshouldstayoutofwaterandawayfrommetalfences.Insideahouse,peopleshouldavoidopendoorwaysandwindowsandnottouchwiresormetalthings.
Withlightning,itisbettertobesafethansorry!
6.Lightningisreally__________.
○A.weapon
○B.electricity
○C.light
○D.mystery
7.Peopleoncethoughthatlightningcamefrom__________.
○A.scientists
○B.ground
○C.lightningrod
○D.gods
8.Oneflashoflightningcanproduceenoughelectricityfor______bulbs.
○A.10,000
○B.1,000
○C.1,000,000
○D.100
9.BenjaminFranklin___________.
○A.madethefirstlightningrod
○B.inventedelectricity
○C.builttheEmpireStateBuilding
○D.preventedLightningfromhittingcars
10._________isthebestplacetobeduringanelectricalstorm.
○A.Swimmingpool
○B.ahighground
○C.Underatree
○D.Acar
Passage3
Becauseoftheenergycrisis,scientistsintheoil-consumingnationshavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedinthepotential(潜在的)ofsolarenergy.Someexpertsestimatethatthepresentsupplyoffossil(化石)fuelwillnotlastuntiltheendofthetwentiethcentury.Theproblemthatsolarenergyresearchersfaceishowtoharness(利用)thesun’senergyeffectivelyandinexpensively.Oneofthemostpopularmethodscurrentlybeingtestedusesrooftopsolarcollectorsandundergroundstoragetanks.Anadvantageofaproperlyworkingsystemofthistypeisthatitwillnotcreateanyenvironmentalpollution.Anotheradvantageofusingsolarenergyisthatthecostofthefuel-thesun’srays-iszero.Whenasolarheatingsystemisworkingatmaximum(最大的)efficiency,itcanprovideupto80percentofwinterheatingneeds.
11.Themaintopicofthispassageis__________.
○A.theshortageoffossilfuel
○B.theproblemsthatenergyresearchersface
○C.anenvironmentalpollutionproblem
○D.aninexpensiveenergysource
12.Onepopularsolarheatingsystemmakesuseof__________.
○A.roofcollectorsandundergroundstorage
○B.fossilfuelconversion
○C.undergroundoiltanks
○D.watercollectionandevaporation
13.Thecostofusingthesun’sraysforheatingis___________.
○A.aboutthesameasthecostoffossilfuels
○B.severalhundreddollarsperyear
○C.negligiblecomparedwithotherenergysources
○D.determinedbytheseverityofthewinter
14.Whichofthefollowingdescribesanadvantageofusingsolarenergy?
○A.Thereislittleornoenvironmentalpollution.
○B.Alargepercentageoffuelcostscanbesaved.
○C.Fossilfuelswillbecomemoreplentiful.
○D.Theoil-consumingnationswillnothavetoimportoil.
15.Accordingtosomeexperts,thesupplyoffossilfuelwillnotlast_______.
○A.onemorecentury
○B.anindeterminabletime
○C.untiltheendofthiscentury
○D.indefinitely
第二部分 完成句子(25分)
根据短文内容完成句子,每个空格只能填一个单词。
有的单词第一个字母已经给出,请将其余字母补全。
Notlongago,anairplanewasflyingoverNewZealand.Therewasatelevisioncameracrewonboard.Suddenly,outinthenightsky,abrightsphere(球体)cameintoview.Everyoneonboardsawitandeveryonethough,“UFO”-UnidentifiedFlyingObject.Thecameracrewwentintoactionandstartedfilming.Thatweekpeopleallovertheworldsawthefilmofthismysteriouslightontheirtelevisionscreens.Whatwasit?
Wasitaspaceshipfullofvisitorsfromanotherplanet?
Thecaptainoftheaeroplaneandthefilmcrewbelieveditwas.Otherobservershadmanydifferentexplanations.SomesaiditwasVenus(金星).Otherssaiditwasjustatrickoflight.
Anairtrafficcontrolleralsosawitonhisradarscreen.Hethoughtthataflockofbirdswascausingdotsonhisradarscreenwhenthe“UFO”appeared.
MostastronomersnowbelievethatwhatthesepeoplesawwasalmostcertainlytheplanetVenus.Atthattimeofyearitisverybrightandeasytosee.Andfromamovingaeroplaneitcanappeartobemovingfast.SofarthereisnoproofthatUFOsorspaceshipsfromotherplanetsdoexist.TheseyearsinvestigatorsofUFOshaveinvestigatedthousandsofsighting-oroccasionswhenpeoplesaidtheysawaUFO.Ninetypercentoftheseturnedouttohaveasimpleexplanation.
However,it’sgoodideatokeepanopenmind.ScientistsinsomecountriesaretryingtopersuadetheirgovernmentstohelpthemstudyUFOs.Andtheyareplanningtocooperateinter-nationallyonreportingandinvestigatingsightingsofUFOs.
Afterall,itisquitepossiblethatthereislifeoutthereintheuniverse.Andifsomethingisalive,itisquitepossiblethatitwillcometovisitus.
16.ThecaptainandthecameracrewbelievedthatUFOwasav spaceshipfromanotherplanet.
17.Manyo believedthattheUFOwasVenus.
18.SofarthereisnoproofthatUFOsaresp fromouterspace.
19.Somescientistsintheworldareplanningtodosomer onUFOs.
20.P lifeintheuniversemaytrytomakeavisittous.
第三部分 阅读理解(80分)
Passage1
Inrecentyears,scientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentshavedrasticallychangedhumanlifeonourplanet,aswellasourviewsbothofourselvesasindividualsinsocietyandoftheuniverseasawhole.MaybeoneofthemostprofounddevelopmentsofthelastdecadeisthediscoveryofrecombinantDNAtechnology,whichallowsscientiststointroducegenetic(遗传学的)material(orgenes)fromoneorganismintoanother.Initssimplestform,thetechnologyrequirestheisolationofapieceofDNA,eitherdirectlyfromtheDNAoftheorganismunderstudy,orartificiallysynthesizedfromanDNA.ThispieceofDNAisthenligated(结扎)toafragmentofbacterialDNAwhichhasthecapacitytoreplicate(复制)itselfindependently.Therecombinantmoleculethusproducedcanbeintroducedintothecommonintestinal(内部的)bacteriumEscherishchiacoli,whichcanbegrowninverylargeamountsinsyntheticmedia.Underproperconditions,theforeigngenewillnotonlyreplicateinthebacteria,butalsoexpressitself,throughtheprocessoftranscriptionandtranslation
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