浅析文学作品中同化与异化的联系及区别.docx
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浅析文学作品中同化与异化的联系及区别.docx
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浅析文学作品中同化与异化的联系及区别
Abstract
Sincethe1970s,strategicoptionsofdomesticationandforeignizationinthetranslationhavegonethroughwidespreaddebatesanddiscussionsintheworldtranslationfield.Intherecentyears'practice,theadjustmentsofforeignizinganddomesticatingthetextintranslationpredicatetheoccurrenceofhybridization,whichhascaughtpeople'sgreatattention.Bothdomesticationandforeignizationhavetheiradvantages.Thetranslatorshouldappropriatelyapplytherespectivemeritsofthetwotranslationstrategiesintranslationpracticesoastopromotethetargetreadertounderstandtherelatedforeignculture.
Thisthesismakesacontrastivestudyonthesentencesinvolvingculturalelementsinthreegreatworkswhichtranslatedinhybridizationstrategyandfurtherdiscussesthecloserelationbetweendomesticationandforeignization,toensurethepossibilityoftheoverwhelmingtendencyofhybridizationinthenearfuture.Thisstudy,ofsomedegree,benefitstobettercomprehensionofdomesticationandforeignizationinanall-roundway,andbringsaboutabetterunderstandingoftheuseofhybridizationinliterarytranslation.Also,thisstudywillexertcertaintheoreticalandpracticalsignificancetothetranslationbetweenEnglishandChineseandthecross-culturalcommunicationbetweenEnglishandChinesepeople.
Keywords:
translationstrategies;hybridization;domestication;foreignization.
摘要
从20世纪70年代,翻译中如何选择翻译策略渐成为翻译界广泛争论和探讨的问题。
在翻译的反复实践中,归化和异化相互融合,没有界限,杂合化现象渐渐普遍出现,引起了各大翻译学者的关注。
归化和异化各有千秋,在翻译实践中应该合理协调合作,发挥各自优点,促进目标读者对异国文化的理解。
本论文通过分析研究《浮生六记》,《飘》以及《名利场》等文学译本中具有突出杂合化翻译特色的句子,肯定了归异结合的翻译方式,及归化、异化、杂合化三者相辅相成的原则。
同时从范例和分析中也发现了杂合化趋势的必然性。
本研究有助于全面认识归化和异化,有助于英汉民族语言文化交流,对英汉语翻译和英汉跨文化交际具有一定的理论意义和实践意义。
关键词:
翻译策略;杂合化;归化;异化
Contents
1.Introduction
Seeingfromthepreviousresearchesoftranslation,Nidahadeversaid:
Asyetthereisnotheoryoftranslationinthetechnicalsenseof‘acoherentsetofgeneralpropositionsusedasprinciplestoexplainaclassofphenomena,’buttherearequiteafew‘theories’inthebroadsenseof‘asetofprincipleswhicharehelpfulinunderstandingthenatureoftranslatingorinestablishingcriteriaforevaluatingatranslatedtext.’Ingeneral,however,theseprinciplesarestatedintermsofhowtoproduceanacceptabletranslation.(TheTheoryandPracticeofTranslation,114)
Inrecentyears,thecoreoftheattemptsintranslationstrategieshasbeenbroughtintofocusontwoprominentstrategicoptionsthatwhetherdomesticationorforeignizationismuchmoresuitableinthetranslationofculture,especiallyinliterarytranslation.Seeingthroughthepracticeindecadesofyears,wemaysafelyfindthatthesoleapplicationofeitherofthem,sometimescannottransfertheexactmeaningoftheorigintext.Whereas,thecombinedpartofthetwowaysusedintranslationmiraculouslyinterprettheresourcelanguagemuchbetter.Andinthetranslationfield,wecallthiskindofstrategyhybridization-abrandnewmethoddiscoveredbyBhabhainthelate1980s,twentiethcentury.
Domestication,tobespecific,takesthesourcelanguageastheguidance,and,toacertainextent,retainstheforeignandstrangeelementsoftheoriginaltext;foreignization,ontheotherhand,takesthegoallanguageastheguidance,andmakeseveryefforttoprovidethetargetreaderwithaneasyinterpretationoftheoriginaltext.IntheWest,domesticationhasalwaysoccupiedadominantposition,whichcanbetracedbacktothe17thcentury.Nidaisaninitiatorofdomestication,whotakesthecommunicativefunctionoftranslationseriously,andproposes“functionalequivalence”.AmericanItalianscholarVenutibelievesthatthetranslationpurposeisnottoeliminatethelinguisticandculturaldifferencesbetweencountries,buttomanifestandretainthem.InChina,professorSunzhilishowedhisprospectiveinhisworkChinasLiteraryTranslation:
fromDomesticationtoForeignization“Inthe21stcentury,Chinaliterarytranslationchangesfromdomesticationtoforeignizationandforeignizationwillbeinthedominantposition.”(Sun43)IntheWestandtheEast,whentranslationdevelopsuptoacertainscale,disputesondomesticationandforeignizationappear.Contradictionandnon-reconcilabilitybetweenthetwostrategiesisstressed,butmutualtransformationandcompatibilityofdomesticationandforeignizationispaidslightattentionto.Hybridization,thecommonplaceofthetwostrategies,firstappearedasatranslationmethodinVenuti’sfamousworkTheScandalsofTranslation.Itskillfullyavoidsapplicationextremesandjointstheadvantagestogethertoreachabettertranslatedresult.
Puttinghybridizationintranslatingareaisabrandnewbranchofresearchintranslationarea.Noonecandenythatitisanewanglewhichismoreadvancedthantheoldviewpointsofthetraditionaltranslationtheories.Itisakindofculturalphenomenonrelevanttotheconversionbothonlanguageandin-depthsocialculture.Intranslationpractice,domesticationandforeignizationareinfactnotmutuallyexclusivebutmutuallysupplementary.Inaccordancewiththesituation,hybridizationcanbesuretohelpusgothroughmuchdeeperintheexactmeaningoftheoriginaltext.Meanwhile,itwillcastlightuponsomemistakesoncognitionintheprocessoftranslating.Thisstudyis,tosomedegree,beneficialtothecompletecomprehensionofdomesticationandforeignization,andgivesoutabetterunderstandingofthetranslationofculturalelementsintheliteraryworksIcitedinthebodypart.Also,thisstudywillexertcertaintheoreticalandpracticalsignificancetothecross-culturalcommunicationbetweenEnglishandChinesepeopleaswellastheapproachofhowtocombinedomestication,foreignizationandhybridizationtogether.Thisthesiswilltrulymakesomecontributiontothefurtherdevelopmentoftranslation.
Inthepaper,itisdividedintoseveralparts.Apartfromtheintroductionattheverybeginning,Ihavetakenthetranslationsofthreefamousworksasexamples.Inchapterone,acontrastivestudyonthetranslationofculturalelementsinThackeray’snovelVanityFairtranslatedbyYangBiisdiscussedaccordingtothefactors,suchasthetranslationgoal,texttype,targetreadersorotherfactors,whichmayrestrictoraffectthetranslator’schoiceoftranslationstrategies.AndIanalyzethedifferencesinthreeversionsofthetranslationworksofGonewiththeWindfromfourperspectivesinchapter2.Then,thetranslationstrategiesusedbyLinYutang’sSixChaptersofaFloatingLifeisquotedtoprovethepossibilityofthecoexistenceofthetwotranslationstrategies.Attheendofthisthesis,Ialsomakeabriefsummaryofthewholepaper.
2.AnalysisofVanityFair
Intranslationpractice,wecandiscoverthatdomesticationandforeignizationareinfactnotmutuallyexclusivebutmutuallysupplementarytranslationstrategies.Atranslatorshallnotoverallcopythesourcelanguageorcultureinatranslatedtext,butshallmakereasonableadjustmentssoastomeettheneedofthetargetreader.Whatevertranslationstrategyatranslatoradopts,thetranslatedtextwhichservesthetranslationpurposeandsatisfiesthetargetreaderisasuccessfulone.
OneofthereasonswhyYangBi’stranslatededitionVanityFairenjoysthepopularityisthatsheskillfullyutilizesdomesticationandforeignizationandcorrectlygraspsthefusionlevelofthetwotranslatingstrategiesthoughitcanbeclearlyseenthathertranslatedbookisconcentratedondomestication.
2.1BriefIntroductionoftheWork
VanityFair:
ANovelWithoutaHero,satirizingBritainsocietyintheearlynineteenthcentury,isthemasterpieceofWilliamMakepeaceThackeray,aBritishcriticrealismnovelist,firstpublishedin1847–1848.ThetitleofthisbookcomesfromJohnBunyan'sallegoricalstoryThePilgrim’sProgress,whichwasfirstlypublishedin1678andstillwidelyreadatThackeray'stime.VanityFairreferstoastopalongthepilgrim’sprogress:
anever-endingfairheldinatowncalledVanity,whichismeanttorepresentman’ssinfulattachmenttoworldlythings.Intheeyesofpeople,VanityFairisregardedasaliterarytreasure,andalsoithasinspiredseveralfilmadaptations.Thereisnoherointhisnovelforthestoryisnotsurroundedoneheroandthefiguresinthebookhavenoheroiccharacteristicsbutplainpersons.Andthesubtitle‘ANovelWithoutaHero’istheoriginaltitleofthebook.(Yangbi,VanityFair)
2.2ApplicationofDomesticationandForeignizationinVanityFair
Yang'stranslatedversionofVanityFairisanexcellentwork.Intheprocessofdealingwiththetranslation,indeed,shepaidsomeattentiontoforeignizationtoretainthestrangenessandexoticfeaturesinthesourcetext.However,heruseofdomesticationismoreprominent,especiallyonsuchaspects,first,usingsomelocalwords,"godfather"to"干爹","godson"to"干儿子";second,shedestructedthesentencesintheoriginaloneandeliminatedsomeideasforbrevityandfluencyofthetranslatedversionwhichmaycontributetothelackofmeaningtosomeextent.(姜艳萍.从文化角度论杨必《名利场》译本中归化和异化的融合).Butthistranslatedworkattainsgreatacceptabilityamongthetranslatorsandreadersinthatitisproperlyadjustedbetweenthetwotranslatingmethods,andthroughthework,wecangetknowledgeofhowhybridizationisusedfortranslating.
Nidaholdsanideathattherearefivekindsofculture:
materialculture,socialculture,religiousculture,languagecultureandecologicalculture.Becauseofthedifferentgeographical,historical,political,economicalandreligiousenvironments,someuniqueculturalelementsaredefinitelycreatedincountries.(Nida,Language,CultureandTranslating)
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- 关 键 词:
- 浅析 文学作品 同化 异化 联系 区别