各种复合从句解释大全.docx

各种复合从句解释大全.docx

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各种复合从句解释大全

关于从句

1、拿到一个从句，首先要正确判断从句类型。

三大从句：

（1）名词性从句：

主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

（2）形容词性从句：

定语从句

（3）副词性从句：

状语从句（时间、地点、条件、目的、结果、原因、让步、方式）

2、区别是什么从句应看主句。

主句不完整时，从句肯定是名词性从句。

主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，

或者是名词性从句里的一种——同位语从句。

名词性从句——主宾表同

主语从句WhatIsayistrue.

宾语从句Hewon’tbelievewhatIsay.

表语从句ThatiswhatIsaid.

同位语从句ItoldthemthenewsthatRocketswonthegametoday.

·怎样选择名词性从句里的引导词：

名词性从句中缺什么意思就用什么意思的引导词。

缺名词性成份时，指人用who/whom，指物用what；不缺意思和成份时用that。

That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。

例题如下：

1．___theOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisknown.

A.不填B.WheneverC.WhatD.When

2．Thereisacommonbeliefamongthem___rubbishcanandshouldbeputtogooduse.

A.whichB.ifC.whetherD.that

3．He’sboughtacottagefor___heretires,withthemoneyhesaved.

A.WhenB.whereC.whatD.which

4．ItisknowntoallthatTaiwanbelongstoChina.

--DoyouthinkitpossiblethatwetakeoverTaiwan?

--Ofcourse.

·It经常在句中当形式主语、宾语，代替真正的主语、宾语，以避免头重脚轻。

例题如下：

1．Itisprettywellunderstood___controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandoutoftheatmospheretoday.

A.ThatB.whenC.whatD.how

2．Whydon’tyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?

A.ThisB.whatC.thatD.it

·在名词性从句中，表“是否”时只用whether不用if。

例题如下：

1.Whetherthepresidentwillcomeisnotknownyet.（主语从句）

2.Theproblemiswhetherweneedit.（表语从句）

3.Theproblemwhetherwewillbuildanotherschoolhasn’tbeensettled.（同位语从句）

4.HewasworriedaboutwhetherhepassedtheEnglishexamination.（介词之后）

5.Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.（whether…or/ornot）

6.Idon’tknowwhethertogo.（动词不定式之前）

形容词性从句——定语从句

·先行词是什么：

先行词是被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词。

在定语从句中充当一定的成分。

之所以称它为先行词，是因为不同于普通形容词修饰名词时，形容词位于名词之前。

修饰一个先行词的定语从句（作用相当于形容词）总是放在该先行词之后，也就是说先行词总是出现在定语从句之前。

·引导词是什么：

引导词就是紧跟在主句后，用于引导从句的词。

我们根据先行词选择不同的引导词。

如果先行词是：

物：

which/that/whose

人：

who/whom/that/whose

时间：

when/which/that

地点：

where/which/that

reason：

从句完整why/forwhich；从句不完整which/that/--

way：

从句完整inwhich/that/--;从句不完整which/that/-

例子：

Idon’tlikethewayinwhich/that/--youspeaktoyourparents.

Hefoundthewaywhich/thatwasreasonabletosolvetheproblem.

·关于ofwhose和ofwhich：

当先行词与连接词后面的名词n存在所属关系时（什么的什么）

物：

whose+n.=ofwhich+the+n.=the+n.+ofwhich

人：

whose+n.=ofwhom+the+n.=the+n.+ofwhom

例子：

Sheismysisterwhoseshirtisblue.

Sheismysister,theshirtofwhomisblue.

Sheismysister,ofwhomtheshirtisblue.

Theroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine.

Theroom,thewindowofwhichfacessouthismine.

Theroom,ofwhichthewindowfacessouthismine.

·先行词只能用that不能用which（重点前5种情况）

（1）当先行词是不定代词时，如all，everything，anything，nothing，much，few，little，none，theone等。

Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.

（2）先行词被all,few，little，no，every等词修饰时。

Thereisnodifficultythatwecan’tovercome.

（3）先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。

ThisisthefirstletterthatI’vewritteninJapanese.

（4）先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时

ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.

（5）当先行词既有人又有物时。

Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthattheyhadvisited.

（6）当先行词是系动词be后面的表语或连接词本身是从句的表语时。

Chinaisn’tthecountrythatsheusedtobe50yearsago.

（7）当主句是以who，which或what开头的特殊疑问句时。

Whoisthemanthatiswaitingatthebusstop？

·永远不用that：

介词或逗号之后。

·当先行词是时间或地点时，引导词要是：

when/where/that/which/--

When=介词+which=介词+时间

Where=介词+which=介词+地点

Which/that=时间或地点

当从句完整时，用when/where/介词+which

当从句不完整时，用which/that/--

例子：

Istillrememberthedaysthat/which/--wespentattheseasidelastsummer.

Thisisthefactoryinwhich/wherehisparentsusedtowork.

Thelibrary__where/inwhich_studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.

Thelibrary,_which/that__wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.

Thelibrary_which/that/--___youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.

I’llneverforgettheday__when/onwhich_______wefirstmetinthepark.

I’llneverforgetthetime_that/which/--________Ispentoncampus.

I’llneverforgetthetime__that/which____wasspentwithyou.

·as与which的比较：

（1）在非限制性定语从句中，as和which均可替代整个主句。

如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。

Theyfailedintheexam，as/whichisnatural.

Asisknowntoall，theearthmovesaroundthesun.

（2）as“正如……，就像……”

which“这一点/这个/这件事”

HepassedtheCollegeEntranceExamination,Bmadehisparentsveryhappy.

A.asB.whichC.thatD.it

Heiscareless,whichcausedtheaccident.

Heislateagain,as/whichweexpected.

·当先行词被thesame，such，so修饰时，引导词用as或that。

（1）当从句中“主谓宾”齐全时，用that。

（2）当从句中“主谓宾”不齐全时，用as。

在thesameas结构中，as也可用that代替。

但严格地说，thesameas强调相同，

thesamethat注重同一。

Thiswassodifficultaproblemaswecouldn’tworkout.（后面句子不完整）

Thiswassodifficultaproblemthatwecouldn’tworkitout.（后面句子完整）

Thisisthesamebookasyouboughtyesterday.

Thisisthesamebookthatyouboughtyesterday.

定语从句练习题part1

1.TheoldmanreturnedtoChina,heleft20yearsago.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.how

2.–Whenisyourhusband’sbirthday?

--Thesamedayofmybirthday,___Ican’tforget.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.it

3.Let’sputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,__theweathermaybebetter.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.if

4.MrGreendrovehiscarveryslowlyuntilhecametothefreeway,__thespeedlimitwas60milesanhour.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where.

5.Thehours___thechildrenspendintheirone-wayrelationshipwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedlyaffecttheirrelationshipwithreal-lifepeople.

A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.onwhich

6.Iknowtheboy____________yougavethebook____________.

A.whom；toB.which；to

C.towhom；toD.that；tohim

7.Harbinistheveryplace____________I’manxioustopayavisit.

A.thatB.which

C.onwhichD.towhich

8.HaveyoubeentoHangzhou，____________WestLakeisthemostbeautifulinourcountry？

A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.where

9.Iknowthestudent____________youborrowedthepen.

A.thatB.fromwhom

C.fromwhichD.whom

10.HereareplayersfromJapan，____________areouroldfriends.

A.thatB.whereC.theyD.who

11.Theyarrivedatthefarmhouse，infrontof____________satasmallboy.

A.theplaceB.itC.whichD.that

12.Thatistheday____________I’llneverforget.

A./B.onwhich

C.inwhichD.when

13.Theletterisfrommysister，____________isworkinginBeijing.

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.she

14.Ilostabook，____________Ican’tremembernow.

A.itstitleB.whosetitle

C.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat

15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary____________wasusedyesterday.

A.whichB.whatC.likeD.as

16.HeisgoodatEnglish，____________weallknow.

A.thatB.asC.thisD.what

17.I’llneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogetherinthecountryside.

A.whenB.onwhichC.whichD.inwhich

18.Thisisthebestfilm____________Ihaveeverseen.

A.thatB.whichC.nowthatD.if

19.Heistheonlyoneofthestudents____________fromShanghai.

A.whoisB.whoare

C.theyareD.thatcome

20.MrScottisoneoftheforeignexpertswho____________inChina.

A.worksB.isworking

C.areworkingD.hasbeenworking

21.I，who____________inAmerica，feelproudofbeingaChinese.

A.isB./C.amD.being

22.Theboyfailedintheexamagain，____________madehisparentsdisappointed.

A.thatB.whichC.itD.what

23.Thedoctorsandnursesdid____________theycouldtohelpthewounded.

A.allwhatB.allwhichC.everythingwhatD.allthat

Theydidall（thattheycoulddo）tohelptheboy.

24.He’llneverforgetthepeopleandtheplace____________shevisitedinBeijinglastyear.

A.thatB.whichC.whomD.where

25.Doyouknowthereason____________hewaslate？

A.forwhatB.whichC.forwhichD.that

Doyoubelievethereasonhegaveforhisbeinglate?

part1答案：

ACBDAADABDCACBDBCAACCBDAC

定语从句练习题part2

1.Guilinisthemostbeautifulplace_____everyoneallovertheworldwantstovisit?

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

2.Haseverything____canbedonebeendone?

A.thatB.whichC.whatD./

3.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.

A.whichB.inwhichC.inthatD.ofwhich

4.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_____broughtherheartintohermouth.

A.itB.thatC.thisD.which

5.TheSmithswillmoveintotheirnewhousenextWednesday,____itwillbecompletelyfinished.

A.bywhichtimeB.bythetimeC.thatD.which

6.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.

A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom

7.Mrs.Brown,____departmentIwork,isafriendlywoman.

A.whoseB.whichC.inwhoseD.inwhich

8.Couldyousuggestatime__itwouldfityoutovisitusandtryoutthemachine?

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.inthat

9.Nextwinter,__youwillspendinHongKong,Iamsure,willbeanotherexcitingholiday.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.inwhich

10.Isthistheresearchcenter_____youvisitedthemodernequipmentlastmonth?

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.theonethat

11.Isthistheresearchcenter_____youvisitedlastmonth?

A.inwhichB.whereC.thatD.theonethat

12.例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?

例2.Isthisthemuseum__youvisitedafewdaysago?

例3.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?

变为肯定句：

①.Thismuseumis__________________youvisitedafewdaysago.

②.Thisisthemuseum___________youvisitedafewdaysago.

③.Thisisthemuseum__________theexhibitionwasheld.

A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone

13.Canyoutellmethereason________youwantedtobreakthewindow?

A.whichB.thatC.becauseD.Why

14.Idon’tbelievethereason_____youtoldmeyesterday.

A.forwhichB.thatC.becauseD.why

15._____isexpected,theFrenchteamwonthefootballmatch.

A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.What

16.Don’treadsuchbooks_____arenotworthreading.

A.thatB.whichC.asD./

17._____isreportedinthenewspaper,DoctorLiwillvisitourtownnextweek.

18.Heislateforschoolagain,___isoftenthecase.

19.____weknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.

20.Thesunheatstheearth,