速记符号.docx
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速记符号.docx
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速记符号
一、缩写词:
AbbreviationsinNotetaking
Useonlytheabbreviationsthatfityourneedsandthatyouwillremembereasily.Agoodideaistointroduceonlyafewabbreviationsintoyournotetakingatatime.
1.Symbolshelpfulinmath--thesearecommonlyusedintextsandreferences.
S=sum
f=frequency
Leaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations.
cf=compare
e.g.=example
dept=department
Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword.
pol=politics
dem=democracy
lib=liberal
cap=capitalism
Useentirefirstsyllableandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable.
pres=presentation
subj=subject
ind=individual
cons=conservative
Eliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizableabbreviation.
assoc=associate
biol=biology
info=information
ach=achievement
chem=chemistry
max=maximum
intro=introduction
conc=concentration
min=minimum
rep=repetition
Omitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonoftheword.
ppd=prepared
prblm=problem
estmt=estimate
bkgd=background
gvt=government
Useanapostropheinplaceofletters.
am't=amount
cont'd=continued
gov't=government
educat'l=educational
Formthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyaddings.
chpts=chapters
egs=examples
fs=frequencies
intros=introductions
Usegtorepresentingendings.
ckg=checking
estg=establishing
decrg=decreasing
exptg=experimenting
Spelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.
Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewithshorthand.
Leaveoutunimportantwords.
Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.
Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substituteinitialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Forexample,CenterforAerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.
Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords.
&=and
w/=with
w/o=without
vs=against
/=therefore
==isorequal
常用速记符号
大于>
小于<
小于或等于≤
大于或等于≥
等于、意味着=
不等于≠
约等于≈
遗憾、悲哀;
高兴、荣兴(
错误、否、不、否定×
正确、对、好、肯定√
不同意N
同意Y
上升、增加↑
下降、减少↓
强、好+
更强、更好++
弱、差-
更弱、更差 ――
因为 ∵
所以∴
优秀★
属于∈
胜利V
问题、疑问?
和、与&
结论是=>
将来;
过去<
促进、发展↗
原因←
导致、结果→
对立、冲突><
波折<<
会议、会面⊙
进入∩
接触、交往∞
分歧⊥
非常、十分重要**
坚持≡
关键!
奇观!
有关@
替换为∽
但是‖
与……比较而言∥
空洞○
代表△
口译笔记速记符号归总
1.Note-takingsymbolsandabbreviationsforyourreference:
AbbreviationsinNotetaking
Useonlytheabbreviationsthatfityourneedsandthatyouwillremember
easily.Agoodideaistointroduceonlyafewabbreviationsintoyournote
takingatatime.
Symbolshelpfulinmath--thesearecommonlyusedintextsandreferences.
S=sum
f=frequency
Leaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations.
cf=compare
e.g.=example
dept=department
Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword.
pol=politics
dem=democracy
lib=liberal
cap=capitalism
Useentirefirstsyllableandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable.
pres=presentation
subj=subject
ind=individual
cons=conservative
Eliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizable
abbreviation.
assoc=associate
biol=biology
info=information
ach=achievement
chem=chemistry
max=maximum
intro=introduction
conc=concentration
min=minimum
rep=repetition
Omitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonof
theword.
ppd=prepared
prblm=problem
estmt=estimate
bkgd=background
gvt=government
Useanapostropheinplaceofletters.
am't=amount
cont'd=continued
gov't=government
educat'l=educational
Formthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyaddings.
chpts=chapters
egs=examples
fs=frequencies
intros=introductions
Usegtorepresentingendings.
ckg=checking
estg=establishing
decrg=decreasing
exptg=experimenting
Spelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.
Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewith
shorthand.
Leaveoutunimportantwords.
Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.
Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substitute
initialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Forexample,Center
forAerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.
Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords.
&=and
w/=with
w/o=without
vs=against
\=therefore
==isorequal
Usetechnicalsymbolswhereapplicable.
zb=German,forexample
ibid=Latin,thesamework
o=degrees
H2O=water
Morereference:
Usestandardmaths,accounting,andsciencesymbols.Examples:
+plus
//parallel
Usestandardab
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