初中英语名词讲解及专项练习.docx
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初中英语名词讲解及专项练习.docx
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初中英语名词讲解及专项练习
1.名词
(课时 :
2)
一.介绍名词含义 :
名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。
二.名词的分类:
专有名词(人名,地名,机构)
William,Linda,Canada,China,theUnitedNations,WTO
普通名词
可数名词:
包括单数(只有一个)和复数(两个以上).
不可数名词:
只有单数.
物质名词milk,water,tea,bread,beef,meat,rice,fish,coffee,sugar,salt
抽象名词information,friendship,knowledge,work,advice,science,news,weather
三.重点:
单数名词变复数名词的规则:
1.一般情况下,加“s”.eg:
books,stamps,pens,tables
2.以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,加“es”
eg:
buses,boxes,foxes,watches,matches,beaches,coaches,brushes
3.以“o”,结尾的,加“es”or“s”
eg:
Negroes[ˈni:
grəʊ]、heroes、volcanoes[vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ]、tomatoes、potatoes、
radios、pianos、zoos、photos、bamboos、video
需加es的记忆技巧:
黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)在火山上(volcano)爱吃西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato)
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,把“y”变为“i”,再加“es”.
eg:
city--cities,country--countries,family--families,story--stories
5.以“f”或“fe”结尾的,把“f”或“fe”变为“ves”。
eg:
thief—thieveswife—wiveslife--liveshalf—halvesleaf--leaves,knife--knives,wolf–wolves,shelf—shelves,loaf—loaves
记忆技巧:
贼人(thief)的妻子(wife)在她一生(life)中用半(half)片树叶(leaf)当刀子(knife)杀死了七匹狼(wolf)然后去偷架子(shelf)上的面包(loaf)。
6)不规则变化:
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,child-children,ox-oxen
foot-feet,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,mouse-mice,fish-fish,sheep-sheep
deer-deer,means–means,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
注意:
当man/woman作定语、修饰复数名词时,man/woman与所修饰的名词要同时变为复数。
例如:
amanteacher---menteachers;
awomanteacher---womenteachers
四.重点:
名词的所有格(---的)
(1)单数名词词尾加's;以s结尾的单数名词,则只加’.
theboy’sbag;Mary’scap;MrJames’office
(2)复数名词如果不以s结尾,则加's;复数名词如果以s结尾,则只加’.
theChildren’sPalacemen’sroom
theteachers’reading-room10minutes’walk
(3)如果表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后面加's.
如果表示各自所有,就必须在各个名字后面加's.
ThisisTomandMark’sroom.
TheseareTom’sandMark’srooms.
(4)the+名词·of·名词
thewindowsofthehouse
thenameofthecity
thepictureoftheTom
's结构也可以转换成of结构
thegirl’sname--thenameofthegirl
Tom’sfriend--thefriendofTom
(5)a+名词·of·名词's/a+名词·of·名词性物主代词(表示“其中之一”)
apictureofTom’s ;afriendofmine
名词专项训练
1.--Arethereanyinthezoo?
--Yes,therearesome.
A.pandaB.lionC.tigerD.deer
2.Thereisonlyonedoctorandseveralnursesinthishospital.
A.man/womanB.man/womenC.men/womanD.men/women
3.--WhatcanIdoforyou?
--I’dliketwo.
A.bottleoforangejuiceB.bottleoforangejuices
C.bottlesoforangejuiceD.bottlesoforangejuices
4.Thisisbedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.
A.AnnaandJaneB.Anna’sandJane’s
C.Anna’sandJaneD.AnnaandJane’s
5.We’llhaveaholiday.WhataboutgoingtotheGreatWall?
A.fourdaysB.four-dayC.four-daysD.fourday’s
6.Paulhasfriendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.
A.manyB.someC.fewD.more
7.Howmanycanyouseeinthepicture?
A.waterB.childC.deerD.factorys
8.Thisisanoldphotoofmine.AtthattimeIhad.
A.shorthairsB.shorthair
C.manyshorthairD.muchshorthairs
9.--Wherearethe?
--Theyareplayingfootballontheplayground.
A.boysstudents/theB.boystudents/the
C.boystudent/XD.boystudents/X
10.Ihavetospeaktomygrandpaloudlybecausethere’ssomethingwrongwithhis.
A.eyesB.legsC.mouthD.ears
11.JennygaveusonhowtolearnEnglishwell.
A.someadvicesB.manyadvicesC.someadviceD.anadvice
12.Wehaveboughttwoforthecomingparty.
A.boxofstrawberryB.boxesofstrawberries
C.boxofstrawberriesD.boxesofstrawberry
13.MrSmithisafriendof.
A.John’suncleB.Johnuncle’s
C.John’suncle’sD.Johnuncle
14.--Wouldyouliketea?
--No,thanks.Ihavedrunktwo.
A.any/bottleofjuiceB.some/bottlesofjuice
C.many/bottlesofjuicesD.few/bottlesofjuice
15.Thesearethetoys.
A.childB.childrenC.children’sD.children’
16.Therearehardlyanyintherivernowbecauseofthepollution.
A.duckB.fishC.gooseD.water
17.Shetoldmethedaybeforeyesterday.
A.agoodnewsB.suchagoodnews
C.sogoodanewsD.apieceofgoodnews
18.Iwon’tgotherewithyou,forIhavealotoftodo.
A.worksB.jobC.workD.working
19.Thereallkindsofinthisshop.
A.are/watchesB.be/watchesC.is/watchesD.be/watch
20.Thereareonthedesk.
A.apaperB.somepapers
C.apieceofpaperD.somepiecesofpaper
21.I’dlike,please.
A.twobottleofbeerB.twobottleofbeers
C.twobottlesofbeerD.twobottlesofbeers
22.Thesearebackpacks.
A.LilyandLucyB.LilyandLucy’s
C.Lily’sandLucyD.Lily’sandLucy’s
23.We’llhavethissummer.
A.atwomonthsvacationB.twomonthsvacation
C.atwo-monthsvacationD.atwo-monthvacation
24.Igototheonceamonth.
A.barberB.barbersC.barber’sD.barbers’
25.Iwanttoknowopinion.
A.everyone’selseB.everyoneelse
C.everyoneelse’sD.everyoneelses’
26.Iwalkedintotheoffice,andputtheletteronmydesk.
A.teacher’s/teacher’sB.teachers’/teachers’
C.teacher’s/teachers’D.teachers’/teacher’s
27.There’snoformorecarsintheparkinglot.Itistoocrowded.
A.roomB.roomsC.houseD.houses
28.Myshoeswerewornout,soIdecidedtobuyanew.
A.showB.shoesC.pairD.one
29.Couldyouspeakinaloud?
Ican’thearyouclearly.
A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.throat
30.Onlyonehasbeenchosen.Idon’tknowwhetheritisamanorawoman.
A.peopleB.personC.manD.woman
31.YoucangetmuchabouttheWorldExpoontheInternet.
A.mapB.pictureC.ticketD.information
32.AlltheteachersenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th,becauseitwastheirownholiday.
A.manB.menC.womanD.women
DBCDBCCBDDCBCBCBDCADCDDCCDACABDD
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